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Lời giải:
1.
$x^3+3x^2-16x-48=(x^3+3x^2)-(16x+48)=x^2(x+3)-16(x+3)$
$=(x+3)(x^2-16)=(x+3)(x-4)(x+4)$
2.
$4x(x-3y)+12y(3y-x)=4x(x-3y)-12y(x-3y)=(x-3y)(4x-12y)=4(x-3y)(x-3y)=4(x-3y)^2$
3.
$x^3+2x^2-2x-1=(x^3-x^2)+(3x^2-3x)+(x-1)=x^2(x-1)+3x(x-1)+(x-1)$
$=(x-1)(x^2+3x+1)$
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\(2x^2-4x-5=2x^2-4x+2-7=2\left(x-1\right)^2-7\ge0-7=-7\Leftrightarrow x=1\)
\(-2x^2-6x+15=-2x^2-6x-4,5+19,5=-2\left(x+\frac{3}{2}\right)^2+19,5\le0+19,5=19,5\Leftrightarrow x=\frac{-3}{2}\)
Bài 1 : Tìm giá trị lớn nhất, nhỏ nhất
a, \(2x^2-4x-5=2\left(x^2-2x+1\right)-7=2\left(x-1\right)^2-7\)
Vì \(2\left(x-1\right)^2\ge0\Rightarrow2x^2-4x-5\ge-7\)
\(''=''\Leftrightarrow x=1\)
b, \(-2x^2-6x+15=-2\left(x^2+2x.\frac{3}{2}+\frac{9}{4}\right)+\frac{39}{2}=-2\left(x+\frac{3}{2}\right)^2+\frac{39}{2}\)
Vì \(-2\left(x+\frac{3}{2}\right)^2\le0\Rightarrow-2x^2-6x+15\le\frac{39}{2}\)
\(''=''\Leftrightarrow x=-\frac{3}{2}\)
Bài 2 : Tìm x
a, \(2x^3-3x^2+2=0\) (tạm thời chưa ra)
b, \(x^4-2x^2+1=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2-1\right)^2=0\Rightarrow x^2-1=0\Rightarrow x=\pm1\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Bài 1 :
1) 4x2 - y2 = ( 2x + y ) ( 2x - y )
2) 9x2 - 4y2 = ( 3x - 2y ) ( 3x + 2y )
3) 4x2 + y2 + 4xy = ( 2x + y )2
Bài 2:
1) 2x2 + 8x = 0
=> 2x ( x + 4 ) = 0
=> \(\orbr{\begin{cases}2x=0\\x+4=0\end{cases}}\)
=> \(\orbr{\begin{cases}x=0\\x=-4\end{cases}}\)
2) 3 ( x - 4 ) + x2 - 4x = 0
=> 3 ( x - 4 ) + x ( x - 4 ) = 0
=> ( x - 4 ) ( 3 + x ) = 0
=> \(\orbr{\begin{cases}x-4=0\\3+x=0\end{cases}}\)
=> \(\orbr{\begin{cases}x=4\\x=-3\end{cases}}\)
3) 3 ( x - 2 ) = x2 - 2x
=> 3 ( x - 2 ) - x2 + 2x = 0
=> 3 ( x - 2 ) - x ( x - 2 ) = 0
=> ( x - 2 ) ( 3 - x ) = 0
=> \(\orbr{\begin{cases}x-2=0\\3-x=0\end{cases}}\)
=> \(\orbr{\begin{cases}x=2\\x=3\end{cases}}\)
4) x ( x - 2 ) - 6 ( 2 - x ) = 0
=> x ( x - 2 ) + 6 ( x - 2 ) = 0
=> ( x - 2 ) ( x + 6 ) = 0
=> \(\orbr{\begin{cases}x-2=0\\x+6=0\end{cases}}\)
=> \(\orbr{\begin{cases}x=2\\x=-6\end{cases}}\)
5) 2x ( x + 5 ) = x2 + 5x
=> 2x ( x + 5 ) - x2 - 5x = 0
=> 2x ( x + 5 ) - x ( x + 5 ) = 0
=> ( x + 5 ) ( 2x - x ) = 0
=> \(\orbr{\begin{cases}x+5=0\\2x-x=0\end{cases}}\)
=> \(\orbr{\begin{cases}x=-5\\x=0\end{cases}}\)
6 ) ( x - 2 )2 - x ( x + 3 ) = 9
=> x2 - 4x + 4 - x2 - 3x = 9
=> - 7x + 4 = 9
=> - 7x = 5
=> x = \(-\frac{5}{7}\)
\(1,4x^2-y^2=\left(2x\right)^2-y^2=\left(2x-y\right)\left(2x+y\right)\)
\(2,9x^2-4y^2=\left(3x\right)^2-\left(2y\right)^2=\left(3x-2y\right)\left(3x+2y\right)\)
\(3,4x^2+y^2+4xy=\left(2x\right)^2+2.2x.y+y^2=\left(2x+y\right)^2\)
\(1,2x^2+8x=0\Rightarrow2x\left(x+4\right)=0\Rightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}2x=0\\x+4=0\end{cases}}\Rightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=0\\x=-4\end{cases}}\)
\(2,3\left(x-4\right)+x^2-4x=0\)
\(\Rightarrow3\left(x-4\right)+x\left(x-4\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(3+x\right)\left(x-4\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}3+x=0\\x-4=0\end{cases}}\Rightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=-3\\x=4\end{cases}}\)
\(3,3\left(x-2\right)=x^2-2x\)
\(\Rightarrow3\left(x-2\right)-x^2+2x=0\)
\(\Rightarrow3\left(x-2\right)-x\left(x-2\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(3-x\right)\left(x-2\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}3-x=0\\x-2=0\end{cases}}\Rightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=3\\x=2\end{cases}}\)
\(4,x\left(x-2\right)-6\left(2-x\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow x\left(x-2\right)+6\left(x-2\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x+6\right)\left(x-2\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x+6=0\\x-2=0\end{cases}}\Rightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=-6\\x=2\end{cases}}\)
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\(4\left(x^2-2x-3\right)=0\)
\(=>x^2-2x-3=0\)
\(=>x^2+x-3x-3=0\)
\(=>x\left(x+1\right)-3\left(x+1\right)=0\)
\(=>\left(x-3\right)\left(x+1\right)=0\)
\(=>\orbr{\begin{cases}x-3=0\\x+1=0\end{cases}=>\orbr{\begin{cases}x=3\\x=-1\end{cases}}}\)
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B2:
a) \(\dfrac{1}{x+2}+\dfrac{1}{\left(x+2\right)\left(4x+7\right)}\left(ĐK:x\ne-2;x\ne-\dfrac{7}{4}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{4x+7}{\left(x+2\right)\left(4x+7\right)}+\dfrac{1}{\left(x+2\right)\left(4x+7\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{4x+7+1}{\left(x+2\right)\left(4x+7\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{4x+8}{\left(x+2\right)\left(4x+7\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{4\left(x+2\right)}{\left(x+2\right)\left(4x+7\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{4}{4x+7}\)
b) \(\dfrac{3x+5}{x^2-5x}-\dfrac{x-25}{25-5x}\left(ĐK:x\ne0;x\ne5\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{3x+5}{x\left(x-5\right)}+\dfrac{x-25}{5x-25}\)
\(=\dfrac{3x+5}{x\left(x-5\right)}+\dfrac{x-25}{5\left(x-5\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{5\left(3x+5\right)}{5x\left(x-5\right)}+\dfrac{x\left(x-25\right)}{5x\left(x-5\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{15x+25+x^2-25x}{5x\left(x-5\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{x^2-10x+25}{5x\left(x-5\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{x^2-2\cdot x\cdot5+5^2}{5x\left(x-5\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(x-5\right)^2}{5x\left(x-5\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{x-5}{5x}\)
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g: \(x^2-3x+2=0\)
=>(x-1)(x-2)=0
=>x=1 hoặc x=2
i: \(x^4+x^2+6x-8=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^4-x^3+x^3-x^2+2x^2-2x+8x-8=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)\left(x^3+x^2+2x+8\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)\left[\left(x+2\right)\left(x^2-2x+4\right)+x\left(x+2\right)\right]=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)\left(x+2\right)\left(x^2-x+4\right)=0\)
=>x=1 hoặc x=-2
\(3x^2+2x-1=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(3x^2+3x\right)-\left(x+1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+1\right)\left(3x-1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x+1=0\\3x-1=0\end{cases}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=-1\\x=\frac{1}{3}\end{cases}}\)
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