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\(B=\frac{1}{\sqrt{1}+\sqrt{2}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{4}}+...+\frac{1}{\sqrt{99}+\sqrt{100}}\)
\(=\frac{1-\sqrt{2}}{-1}+\frac{\sqrt{2}-\sqrt{3}}{-1}+\frac{\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{4}}{-1}+...+\frac{\sqrt{99}-\sqrt{100}}{-1}\)
\(=-1+\sqrt{2}-\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{4}-...-\sqrt{99}+\sqrt{100}\)
\(=\sqrt{100}-1\)
\(=10-1\)
\(=9\)
Vì 9 chia hết cho 1; 3; 9 nên ko thể là số nguyên tố mà là hợp số.
=> ĐPCM
\(a,A=\frac{1}{\sqrt{1}+\sqrt{2}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}}+..+\frac{1}{\sqrt{99}+\sqrt{100}}\)
\(=\frac{\sqrt{1}-\sqrt{2}}{1-2}+\frac{\sqrt{2}-\sqrt{3}}{2-3}+...+\frac{\sqrt{99}-\sqrt{100}}{99-100}\)
\(=\frac{1-\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{2}-\sqrt{3}+...+\sqrt{99}-\sqrt{100}}{-1}\)
\(=\frac{1-\sqrt{100}}{-1}=9\)
\(b,B=\frac{1}{\sqrt{1}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}+..+\frac{1}{\sqrt{99}}\)
\(=\frac{2}{\sqrt{1}+\sqrt{1}}+\frac{2}{\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{2}}+\frac{2}{\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{3}}+...+\frac{2}{\sqrt{99}+\sqrt{99}}>\frac{2}{\sqrt{1}+\sqrt{2}}+\frac{2}{\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}}+...+\frac{2}{\sqrt{99}+\sqrt{100}}\)\(\Rightarrow B>2\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{1}+\sqrt{2}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}}+..+\frac{1}{\sqrt{99}+\sqrt{100}}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow B>2\left(\frac{\sqrt{1}-\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{2}-\sqrt{3}+...+\sqrt{99}-\sqrt{100}}{-1}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow B>2\left(\frac{1-\sqrt{100}}{-1}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow B>2.9=18\left(ĐPCM\right)\)
Ap dung \(\frac{1}{\left(n+1\right)\sqrt{n}}< 2\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{n}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{n+1}}\right)\)
Ta co \(P< 2\left(1-\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}+...+\frac{1}{\sqrt{2007}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{2008}}\right)\)
=> \(P< 2\left(1-\frac{1}{\sqrt{2008}}\right)< 2.1=2\)
Suy ra P khong phai so nguyen to
Ta sẽ chứng minh: \(\sqrt{\frac{x^4+1}{2}}+\frac{4x^2}{x^2+1}\ge3x\)
Thật vậy: \(\Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt{\frac{x^4+1}{2}}-x\right)+2\left(\frac{2x^2}{x^2+1}-x\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)^2\left[\frac{\left(x+1\right)^2}{2\sqrt{\frac{x^4+1}{2}}+2x}-\frac{2x}{x^2+1}\right]\ge0\)
Bây giờ ta quy về chứng minh: \(\frac{\left(x+1\right)^2}{2\sqrt{\frac{x^4+1}{2}}}\ge\frac{2x}{x^2+1}\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2+1\right)\left(x+1\right)^2\ge4x\left(\sqrt{\frac{x^4+1}{2}+x}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^4+1+2x^3+2x\ge2x^2+4x\sqrt{\frac{x^4+1}{2}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{x^4+1}{2}+x^3+x\ge x^2+2x\sqrt{\frac{x^4+1}{2}}\)
Bất đẳng thức trên đúng theo AM - GM:
\(\frac{x^4+1}{2}+x^3+x\ge\left(\frac{x^4+1}{2}+x^2\right)+x^2\ge2x\sqrt{\frac{x^4+1}{2}}+x^2\)
Vậy hoàn tất chứng minh trên nên ta có:
\(\sqrt{\frac{a^2+1}{2}}+\frac{4a}{a+1}\ge3\sqrt{a}\);\(\sqrt{\frac{b^2+1}{2}}+\frac{4b}{b+1}\ge3\sqrt{b}\)
\(\sqrt{\frac{c^2+1}{2}}+\frac{4c}{c+1}\ge3\sqrt{c}\); \(\sqrt{\frac{d^2+1}{2}}+\frac{4c}{d+1}\ge3\sqrt{d}\)
Cộng từng vế của các bđt trên. ta được: \(\text{Σ}_{cyc}\sqrt{\frac{a^2+1}{2}}\ge3\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}+\sqrt{d}\right)\)
\(-4\left(\frac{a}{a+1}+\frac{b}{b+1}+\frac{c}{c+1}+\frac{d}{d+1}\right)\)\(=3\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}+\sqrt{d}\right)-8\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi a = b = c = 1
Đề như này đúng ko \(3\le\frac{1+\sqrt{a}}{1+\sqrt{b}}+\frac{1+\sqrt{b}}{1+\sqrt{c}}+\frac{1+\sqrt{c}}{1+\sqrt{a}}< 3+\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}\)
Dấu \("\ge"\) thứ 2 dấu "=" ko xảy ra
Đặt \(A=\frac{1+\sqrt{a}}{1+\sqrt{b}}+\frac{1+\sqrt{b}}{1+\sqrt{c}}+\frac{1+\sqrt{c}}{1+\sqrt{a}}\)
\(A\ge3\sqrt[3]{\frac{\left(1+\sqrt{a}\right)\left(1+\sqrt{b}\right)\left(1+\sqrt{c}\right)}{\left(1+\sqrt{b}\right)\left(1+\sqrt{c}\right)\left(1+\sqrt{a}\right)}}=3\) \(\left(1\right)\)
CM : \(\frac{1+\sqrt{x}}{1+\sqrt{y}}< 1+\sqrt{x}\) ( với a, b nguyên dương )
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\left(1+\sqrt{x}\right)\left(1+\sqrt{y}\right)-\left(1+\sqrt{x}\right)>0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\left(1+\sqrt{x}\right)\sqrt{y}>0\) ( luôn đúng với mọi a, b nguyên dương )
\(\Rightarrow\)\(A< 1+\sqrt{a}+1+\sqrt{b}+1+\sqrt{c}=3+\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}\) \(\left(2\right)\)
Từ (1) và (2) suy ra \(3\le\frac{1+\sqrt{a}}{1+\sqrt{b}}+\frac{1+\sqrt{b}}{1+\sqrt{c}}+\frac{1+\sqrt{c}}{1+\sqrt{a}}< 3+\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}\) ( đpcm )
Chúc bạn học tốt ~
Ta có :
\(\hept{\begin{cases}\frac{1}{2\sqrt{n+1}}< \frac{1}{\sqrt{n+1}+\sqrt{n}}=\frac{n+1-n}{\sqrt{n+1}+\sqrt{n}}\\\sqrt{n+1}-\sqrt{n}=\frac{\left(\sqrt{n+1}-\sqrt{n}\right)\left(\sqrt{n+1}+\sqrt{n}\right)}{\sqrt{n+1}+\sqrt{n}}=\frac{n+1-n}{\sqrt{n+1}+\sqrt{n}}\end{cases}}\forall n\in N\)
Suy ra : \(\frac{1}{2\sqrt{n+1}}< \sqrt{n+1}-\sqrt{n}\)
Đặt \(M=1+\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}+...+\frac{1}{\sqrt{2499}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{2500}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{2}M=\frac{1}{2\sqrt{2500}}+\frac{1}{2\sqrt{2499}}+...+\frac{1}{2\sqrt{3}}+\frac{1}{2\sqrt{2}}+\frac{1}{2}\)
Áp dụng BĐT , ta có :
\(\frac{1}{2}M< \sqrt{2500}-\sqrt{2499}+\sqrt{2499}-\sqrt{2498}+...+\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{2}-\sqrt{1}+\frac{1}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{2}M< \sqrt{2500}-\sqrt{1}+\frac{1}{2}=50-\frac{1}{2}< 50\)
\(\Rightarrow M< 100\)