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So so hang trong day la:
(50-21) : 1 + 1 = 30
Gia su = 1/50 het thi tong la:
30 x 1/50 = 3/5
Vi 1/50 la so nho nhat nen tong se lon hon 3/5
Gia su tat ca deu la 1/21
Tong la:
1/21 x 30 = 30/21 = 10/7
So sanh 10/7 va 3/2, ta thay 3/2 lon hon 10/7 la 1/14 don vi
Vi 1/21 la so lon nhat nen tong se be hon 3/2
ta có:A= 1/21 + 1/22 + ... + 1/50 > 1/50 +1/50 +...+1/50=1/50 x 30 = 3/5
=> A > 3/5
lại có: A = 1/21 + 1/22 + ... + 1/50 < 1/20 + 1/20 + ... +1/20= 1/20 x 30 = 3/2
=> A <3/2
cách này là cách nhanh nhất
Chứng minh: \(\frac{11}{15}< \frac{1}{21}+\frac{1}{22}+\frac{1}{23}+...+\frac{1}{60}< \frac{3}{2}\).
tách bất đẳng thức trên ta có \(\frac{1}{21}+\frac{1}{22}+\frac{1}{23}+...+\frac{1}{60}\)gọi biều thức này là A
ta có \(A=\frac{1}{21}+\frac{1}{22}+\frac{1}{23}+...+\frac{1}{60}\)
\(A=\left(\frac{20}{20.21}+\frac{21}{21.22}+\frac{22}{22.23}+...+\frac{39}{39.40}\right)+\left(\frac{40}{40.41}+\frac{41}{41.42}+...+\frac{59}{59.60}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow A>20.\left(\frac{20}{20.21}+\frac{21}{21.22}+\frac{22}{22.23}+...+\frac{39}{39.40}\right)+40.\left(\frac{40}{40.41}+\frac{41}{41.42}+...+\frac{59}{59.60}\right)\)nhân vế trái vs 20 vế phải 40
\(\Rightarrow A>20.\left(\frac{1}{20}-\frac{1}{40}\right)+40.\left(\frac{1}{40}-\frac{1}{60}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow A>\frac{5}{6}>\frac{11}{5}\left(1\right)\)
ta có \(A< 40.\left(\frac{20}{20.21}+\frac{21}{21.22}+\frac{22}{22.23}+...+\frac{39}{39.40}\right)+60.\left(\frac{40}{40.41}+\frac{41}{41.42}+...+\frac{59}{59.60}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow A< 40.\left(\frac{1}{20}-\frac{1}{40}\right)+60.\left(\frac{1}{40}-\frac{1}{60}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow A< \frac{3}{2}\left(2\right)\)
từ (1) và (2)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{11}{15}< A< \frac{3}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{11}{15}< \text{}\text{}\frac{1}{21}+\frac{1}{22}+\frac{1}{23}+..+\frac{1}{60}< \frac{3}{2}\)(ĐPCM)
Đặt \(C=\frac{1}{21}+\frac{1}{22}+....+\frac{1}{60}=\left(\frac{1}{21}+\frac{1}{22}+...+\frac{1}{40}\right)+\left(\frac{1}{41}+\frac{1}{42}+...+\frac{1}{60}\right)\)
Ta có: \(\frac{1}{21}>\frac{1}{40};\frac{1}{22}>\frac{1}{40};....\frac{1}{39}>\frac{1}{40}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{21}+\frac{1}{22}+....+\frac{1}{39}+\frac{1}{40}>\frac{1}{40}+\frac{1}{40}+...+\frac{1}{40}=\frac{1}{40}.20=\frac{1}{2}\)
\(\frac{1}{41}>\frac{1}{60};\frac{1}{42}>\frac{1}{60};...\frac{1}{59}>\frac{1}{60}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{41}+\frac{1}{42}+...+\frac{1}{60}>\frac{1}{60}+\frac{1}{60}+...+\frac{1}{60}=\frac{1}{60}.20=\frac{1}{3}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{21}+\frac{1}{22}+...+\frac{1}{60}>\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}=\frac{5}{6}>\frac{11}{15}\)
Vậy \(C>\frac{11}{15}\) (1)
Lại có: \(\frac{1}{21}< \frac{1}{20};\frac{1}{22}< \frac{1}{20};...\frac{1}{40}< \frac{1}{20}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{21}+\frac{1}{22}+...+\frac{1}{40}< \frac{1}{20}+....+\frac{1}{20}=\frac{1}{20}.20=1\)
\(\frac{1}{41}< \frac{1}{40};\frac{1}{42}< \frac{1}{40};...\frac{1}{60}< \frac{1}{40}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{41}+\frac{1}{42}+...+\frac{1}{60}< \frac{1}{40}+\frac{1}{40}+...+\frac{1}{40}=\frac{1}{40}.20=\frac{1}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{21}+\frac{1}{22}+...+\frac{1}{60}< \frac{1}{2}+1=\frac{3}{2}\)
Vậy \(C< \frac{3}{2}\) (2)
Từ (1) và (2) suy ra \(\frac{11}{15}< \frac{1}{21}+\frac{1}{22}+...+\frac{1}{60}< \frac{3}{2}\)
Đặt S=1/12+1/13+1/14+1/15+...+1/23
ta có 1/12+1/13+1/14+1/15+...+1/22+1/23 = (1/12+1/13+1/14+...+1/17)+(1/18+1/19+...+1/23)
đặt A=1/12+1/13+1/14+...+1/17
ta có
1/13<1/12
1/14<1/12
..........................
.........................
1/17<1/12
=>A<1/12+1/12+1/12+....+1/12 (có 6 phân số)
=>A<1x6/12
=>A<1/2 (1)
Đặt B=1/18+1/19+...+11/23
ta có
1/19<1/18
1/20<1/18
...........................
..........................
1/23<1/18
=> B<1/18+1/18+1/18+...+1/18 (có 6 phân số)
=>B<1x 6/18
=>B<1/3 (2)
từ 1 và 2 =>S=A+B<1/2+1/3
=>S<5/6 (dpcm)
k cho mình nhé
Đặt S=1/12+1/13+1/14+1/15+...+1/23
ta có 1/12+1/13+1/14+1/15+...+1/22+1/23 = (1/12+1/13+1/14+...+1/17)+(1/18+1/19+...+1/23)
đặt A=1/12+1/13+1/14+...+1/17
ta có
1/13<1/12
1/14<1/12
..........................
.........................
1/17<1/12
=>A<1/12+1/12+1/12+....+1/12 (có 6 phân số)
=>A<1x6/12
=>A<1/2 (1)
Đặt B=1/18+1/19+...+11/23
ta có
1/19<1/18
1/20<1/18
...........................
..........................
1/23<1/18
=> B<1/18+1/18+1/18+...+1/18 (có 6 phân số)
=>B<1x 6/18
=>B<1/3 (2)
từ 1 và 2 =>S=A+B<1/2+1/3
=>S<5/6 (dpcm)
k cho mình nhé
(1/21+1/22+...+1/30)+(1/31+...+1/40)+(1/41+...+1/50)
(1/21+1/22+...+1/30)<1/20+..+1/20=1/20*10=1/2
(1/31+...+1/40)<1/30+..+1/30=1/30*10=1/3
(1/41+...+1/50)<1/40+...+1/40=1/40*10=1/4
Suy ra day so <1/2+1/3+1/4=13/12=1/1/12=>dpcm
k cho minh nhe