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Bài 1 :
a, \(A=x^2-4x+6=x^2-4x+4+2=\left(x-2\right)^2+2\ge2\)
Dấu ''='' xảy ra khi x = 2
Vậy GTNN A là 2 khi x = 2
b, \(B=y^2-y+1=y^2-2.\frac{1}{2}y+\frac{1}{4}+\frac{3}{4}=\left(y-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+\frac{3}{4}\ge\frac{3}{4}\)
Dấu ''='' xảy ra khi y = 1/2
Vậy GTNN B là 3/4 khi y = 1/2
c, \(C=x^2-4x+y^2-y+5=x^2-4x+4+y^2-y+\frac{1}{4}+\frac{3}{4}\)
\(=\left(x-2\right)^2+\left(y-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+\frac{3}{4}\ge\frac{3}{4}\)
Dấu ''='' xảy ra khi \(x=2;y=\frac{1}{2}\)
Vậy GTNN C là 3/4 khi x = 2 ; y = 1/2
Bài 3 :
a, \(x^2-6x+10=x^2-2.3.x+9+1=\left(x-3\right)^2+1\ge1>0\)( đpcm )
b, \(-y^2+4y-5=-\left(y^2-4y+5\right)=-\left(y^2-4y+4+1\right)=-\left(y-2\right)^2-1< 0\)( đpcm )
Bài 4 :
\(B=\left(x^2+y^2\right)=\left(x+y\right)^2-2xy\)
Thay (*) ta được : \(225-2\left(-100\right)=225+200=425\)
Bài 5 :
\(\left(x+y\right)^2-\left(x-y\right)^2=\left(x+y-x+y\right)\left(x+y+x-y\right)\)
\(=2y.2x=4xy=VP\)( đpcm )
a: =-x^2+6x-4
=-(x^2-6x+4)
=-(x^2-6x+9-5)
=-(x-3)^2+5<=5
Dấu = xảy ra khi x=3
b: =3(x^2-5/3x+7/3)
=3(x^2-2*x*5/6+25/36+59/36)
=3(x-5/6)^2+59/12>=59/12
Dấu = xảy ra khi x=5/6
c: \(=-\left(x-3\right)^2+2\left|x-3\right|\)
\(=-\left[\left(\left|x-3\right|\right)^2-2\left|x-3\right|+1-1\right]\)
\(=-\left(\left|x-3\right|-1\right)^2+1< =1\)
Dấu = xảy ra khi x=4 hoặc x=2
A) \(\left(x-3\right)^2-\left(x+2\right)^2\)
\(=\left(x-3-x-2\right)\left(x-3+x+2\right)\)
\(=-5.\left(2x-1\right)\)
B) \(\left(4x^2+2xy+y^2\right)\left(2x-y\right)-\left(2x+y\right)\left(4x^2-2xy+y^2\right)\)
\(=\left(2x\right)^3-y^3-\left[\left(2x\right)^3+y^3\right]\)
\(=8x^3-y^3-8x^3-y^3\)
\(=-2y^3\)
C) \(x^2+6x+8\)
\(=x^2+6x+9-1\)
\(=\left(x+3\right)^2-1\)
\(=\left(x+3-1\right)\left(x+3+1\right)\)
\(=\left(x+2\right)\left(x+4\right)\)
bài 3 A) \(x^2-16=0\)
\(\left(x-4\right)\left(x+4\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x-4=0\\x+4=0\end{cases}}\Rightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=4\\x=-4\end{cases}}\)
vậy \(\orbr{\begin{cases}x=4\\x=-4\end{cases}}\)
B) \(x^4-2x^3+10x^2-20x=0\)
\(x^3\left(x-2\right)+10x\left(x-2\right)=0\)
\(\left(x^3+10x\right)\left(x-2\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x^3+10x=0\\x-2=0\end{cases}}\Rightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x\left(x^2+10\right)=0\\x=2\end{cases}}\Rightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=0\\x=2\end{cases}}\)
vậy \(\orbr{\begin{cases}x=0\\x=2\end{cases}}\)
Bài 6:
a) \(x\left(x-2\right)+x-2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x\left(x-2\right)+\left(x-2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-2\right)\left(x+1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-2=0\\x+1=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=2\\x=-1\end{matrix}\right.\)
b) \(5x\left(x-3\right)-x+3=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow5x\left(x-3\right)-\left(x-3\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-3\right)\left(5x-1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-3=0\\5x-1=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=3\\x=\dfrac{1}{5}\end{matrix}\right.\)
c) \(3x\left(x-5\right)-\left(x-1\right)\left(2+3x\right)=30\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3x^2-15x-2x-3x^2+2+3x=30\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-14x+2=30\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-14x=28\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=-2\)
d) \(\left(x+2\right)\left(x+3\right)-\left(x-2\right)\left(x+5\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+3x+2x+6-x^2-5x+2x+10=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x+16=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x=-16\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=-8\)
1.
a) \(A=\left(x-1\right)^3-\left(x+4\right)\left(x^2-4x+16\right)+3x\left(x-1\right)\)
\(A=\left(x^3-3x^2+3x-1\right)-\left(x^3+64\right)+\left(3x^2-3x\right)\)
\(A=x^3-3x^2+3x-1-x^3-64+3x^2-3x\)
\(A=\left(x^3-x^3\right)+\left(-3x^2+3x\right)+\left(3x-3x\right)+\left(-1-64\right)\)
\(A=-65\)
Vậy giá trị của biểu thức trên không phụ thuộc vào biến.
b) \(B=\left(x+y-1\right)^3-\left(x+y+1\right)^3+6\left(x+y\right)^2\)
\(B=\left[\left(x+y-1\right)-\left(x+y+1\right)\right].\left[\left(x+y-1\right)^2+\left(x+y-1\right).\left(x+y+1\right)+\left(x+y+1\right)^2\right]+6\left(x+y\right)^2\)
\(B=\left(x+y-1-x-y-1\right).\left[\left(x+y\right)^2-2\left(x+y\right).1+1+\left(x+y\right)^2-1+\left(x+y\right)^2+2\left(x+y\right).1+1\right]+6\left(x+y\right)^2\)
\(B=-2.\left(x^2+2xy+y^2-2x-2y+1+x^2+2xy+y^2-1+x^2+2xy+y^2+2x+2y+1\right)+6\left(x+y\right)^2\)
\(B=-2.\left(3x^2+6xy+3y^2+1\right)+6\left(x+y\right)^2\)
\(B=-2.\left(3x^2+6xy+3y^2\right)-2+6\left(x+y\right)^2\)
\(B=-6\left(x+y\right)^2+6\left(x+y\right)^2-2\)
\(B=-6\left[\left(x+y\right)^2-\left(x+y\right)^2\right]-2\)
\(B=-2\)
Vậy giá trị của biểu thức trên không phụ thuộc vào biến.
2. \(A=x^2+6x+11\)
\(A=x^2+2x.3+3^2+2\)
\(A=\left(x+3\right)^2+2\)
Ta có: \(\left(x+3\right)^2\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x+3\right)^2+2\ge2\)
\(\Rightarrow Min_A=2\Leftrightarrow x=-3\)
\(B=4-x^2-x\)
\(B=-x^2-x+4\)
\(B=-x^2-x-\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{17}{4}\)
\(B=-\left(x^2+2x.\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{4}\right)+\dfrac{17}{4}\)
\(B=-\left(x+\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{17}{4}\)
Ta có: \(-\left(x+\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2\le0\)
\(\Rightarrow-\left(x+\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{17}{4}\le\dfrac{17}{4}\)
\(\Rightarrow Max_B=\dfrac{17}{4}\Leftrightarrow x=-\dfrac{1}{2}\)
Bài 1.
a)
\((x-2)(2x-1)-(2x-3)(x-1)-2\\=2x^2-x-4x+2-(2x^2-2x-3x+3)-2\\=2x^2-5x+2-(2x^2-5x+3)-2\\=2x^2-5x+2-2x^2+5x-3-2\\=(2x^2-2x^2)+(-5x+5x)+(2-3-2)\\=-3\)
b)
\(x(x+3y+1)-2y(x-1)-(y+x+1)x\\=x^2+3xy+x-2xy+2y-xy-x^2-x\\=(x^2-x^2)+(3xy-2xy-xy)+(x-x)+2y\\=2y\)
Bài 2.
a)
\((14x^3+12x^2-14x):2x=(x+2)(3x-4)\\\Leftrightarrow 14x^3:2x+12x^2:2x-14x:2x=3x^2-4x+6x-8\\ \Leftrightarrow 7x^2+6x-7=3x^2+2x-8\\\Leftrightarrow (7x^2-3x^2)+(6x-2x)+(-7+8)=0\\\Leftrightarrow 4x^2+4x+1=0\\\Leftrightarrow (2x)^2+2\cdot 2x\cdot 1+1^2=0\\\Leftrightarrow (2x+1)^2=0\\\Leftrightarrow 2x+1=0\\\Leftrightarrow 2x=-1\\\Leftrightarrow x=\frac{-1}2\)
b)
\((4x-5)(6x+1)-(8x+3)(3x-4)=15\\\Leftrightarrow 24x^2+4x-30x-5-(24x^2-32x+9x-12)=15\\\Leftrightarrow 24x^2-26x-5-(24x^2-23x-12)=15\\\Leftrightarrow 24x^2-26x-5-24x^2+23x+12=15\\\Leftrightarrow -3x+7=15\\\Leftrightarrow -3x=8\\\Leftrightarrow x=\frac{-8}3\\Toru\)
