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a) \(-9x^2+12x-15=-\left(9x^2-12x+4\right)-11=-\left(3x-2\right)^2-11\le11< 0\)
b) \(-2x^2+4x-9=-2\left(x^2-2x+1\right)-7=-2\left(x-1\right)^2-7\le-7< 0\)
c) \(xy-x^2-y^2-1=-\dfrac{1}{2}\left(2x^2+2y^2-2xy+2\right)=-\dfrac{1}{2}\left[\left(x-y\right)^2+x^2+y^2+2\right]< 0\)
a) Đặt \(A=x^2+4x+7\)
\(A=\left(x^2+4x+4\right)+3\)
\(A=\left(x+2\right)^2+3\)
Mà \(\left(x+2\right)^2\ge0\forall x\)
\(\Rightarrow A\ge3>0\)
b) Đặt \(B=4x^2-4x+5\)
\(B=\left(4x^2-4x+1\right)+4\)
\(B=\left(2x-1\right)^2+4\)
Mà \(\left(2x-1\right)^2\ge0\forall x\)
\(\Rightarrow B\ge4>0\)
c) Đặt \(C=x^2+2y^2+2xy-2y+3\)
\(C=\left(x^2+2xy+y^2\right)+\left(y^2-2y+1\right)+2\)
\(C=\left(x+y\right)^2+\left(y-1\right)^2+2\)
Mà \(\left(x+y\right)^2\ge0\forall x;y\)
\(\left(y-1\right)^2\ge0\forall y\)
\(\Rightarrow C\ge2>0\)
a : x2 + 4x + 7 = (x + 2)2 + 3 > 0
b : 4x2 - 4x + 5 = (2x - 1)2 + 4 > 0
c : x2 + 2y2 + 2xy - 2y + 3 = (x + y)2 + (y - 1)2 + 2 > 0
d : 2x2 - 4x + 10 = 2(x - 1)2 + 8 > 0
e : x2 + x + 1 = (x + 0,5)2 + 0,75 > 0
f : 2x2 - 6x + 5 = 2(x - 1,5)2 + 0,5 > 0
Bài 1:
a) Ta có: \(A=-x^2-4x-2\)
\(=-\left(x^2+4x+2\right)\)
\(=-\left(x^2+4x+4-2\right)\)
\(=-\left(x+2\right)^2+2\le2\forall x\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi x=-2
b) Ta có: \(B=-2x^2-3x+5\)
\(=-2\left(x^2+\dfrac{3}{2}x-\dfrac{5}{2}\right)\)
\(=-2\left(x^2+2\cdot x\cdot\dfrac{3}{4}+\dfrac{9}{16}-\dfrac{49}{16}\right)\)
\(=-2\left(x+\dfrac{3}{4}\right)^2+\dfrac{49}{8}\le\dfrac{49}{8}\forall x\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi \(x=-\dfrac{3}{4}\)
c) Ta có: \(C=\left(2-x\right)\left(x+4\right)\)
\(=2x+8-x^2-4x\)
\(=-x^2-2x+8\)
\(=-\left(x^2+2x-8\right)\)
\(=-\left(x^2+2x+1-9\right)\)
\(=-\left(x+1\right)^2+9\le9\forall x\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi x=-1
Bài 2:
a) Ta có: \(=25x^2-20x+7\)
\(=\left(5x\right)^2-2\cdot5x\cdot2+4+3\)
\(=\left(5x-2\right)^2+3>0\forall x\)
b) Ta có: \(B=9x^2-6xy+2y^2+1\)
\(=9x^2-6xy+y^2+y^2+1\)
\(=\left(3x-y\right)^2+y^2+1>0\forall x,y\)
c) Ta có: \(E=x^2-2x+y^2-4y+6\)
\(=x^2-2x+1+y^2-4y+4+1\)
\(=\left(x-1\right)^2+\left(y-2\right)^2+1>0\forall x,y\)
a. \(x^2-8x+19\)
\(=x^2-2.x.4+16+3\)
\(=\left(x-4\right)^2+3\ge3\forall x\)
=> đpcm
b. \(4x^2+4x+3\)
\(=\left(2x\right)^2+2.2x.1+1+2\)
\(=\left(2x+1\right)^2+2\ge2\forall x\)
=> đpcm
Có : x^2+y^2+z^2+4x-2y-4z+10
= (x^2+4x+4)+(y^2-2y+1)+(z^2-4x+4)+1
= (x+2)^2+(y-1)^2+(z-2)^2+1 >= 1
=> (x+2)^2+(y-1)^2+(z-2)^2 luôn dương với mọi x,y,z
\(x^2+y^2+z^2+4x-2y-4z+10\)
\(=\left(x^2+4x+4\right)+\left(y^2-2y+1\right)+\left(z^2-4z+4\right)+1\)
\(=\left(x+2\right)^2+\left(y-1\right)^2+\left(z-2\right)^2+1\)
Vì \(\hept{\begin{cases}\left(x+2\right)^2\ge0\\\left(y-1\right)^2\ge0\\\left(z-2\right)^2\ge0\end{cases}}\)\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\left(x+2\right)^2+\left(y-1\right)^2+\left(z-2\right)^2\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow\)\(\left(x+2\right)^2+\left(y-1\right)^2+\left(z-2\right)^2+1>0\)
\(\Rightarrow\)\(đpcm\)
a: \(=x^2+4x+4+3=\left(x+2\right)^2+3>0\)
b: \(=4x^2-4x+1+4=\left(2x-1\right)^2+4>0\)
c: \(=x^2+2xy+y^2+y^2-2y+1+2\)
\(=\left(x+y\right)^2+\left(y-1\right)^2+2\)
`A=x^2 -4x+18`
`=x^2 -4x+4+14`
`=(x-2)^2 +14`
Có `(x-2)^2 >=0 AAx`
`=> (x-2)^2 +14>= 14>0 AAx`
Vậy ....
`B=x^2 -x+2`
`=x^2 -x+1/4+7/4`
`=(x-1/2)^2 +7/4`
có `(x-1/2)^2 >=0 AAx`
`=> (x-1/2)^2 +7/4>=7/4>0 AAx`
Vậy ...........
`C=x^2 +2y^2 -2xy-2y+15`
`=x^2 -2xy+y^2 +y^2 -2y+1+14`
`=(x-y)^2 +(y-1)^2 +14`
Có `(x-y)^2 >=0 AAx,y` ; `(y-1)^2 >=0 AAy`
`=>(x-y)^2 +(y-1)^2 +14 >=14>0 AAx;y`
Vậy
a) x2 - 8x + 19 = ( x2 - 8x + 16 ) + 3 = ( x - 4 )2 + 3 ≥ 3 > 0 ∀ x ( đpcm )
b) x2 + y2 - 4x + 2 = ( x2 - 4x + 4 ) + y2 - 2 = ( x - 2 )2 + y2 - 2 ≥ -2 ∀ x, y ( chưa cm được -- )
c) 4x2 + 4x + 3 = ( 4x2 + 4x + 1 ) + 2 = ( 2x + 1 )2 + 2 ≥ 2 > 0 ∀ x ( đpcm )
d) x2 - 2xy + 2y2 + 2y + 5 = ( x2 - 2xy + y2 ) + ( y2 + 2y + 1 ) + 4 = ( x - y )2 + ( y + 1 )2 + 4 ≥ 4 > 0 ∀ x, y ( đpcm )