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Ta có:
( 5 2 - 1).P = ( 5 2 – 1).12.( 5 2 + 1)( 5 4 + 1)( 5 8 + 1)( 5 16 + 1)
= 12.( 5 2 – 1).( 5 2 + 1)( 5 4 + 1)( 5 8 + 1)( 5 16 + 1)
= 12.( 5 4 - 1)( 5 4 + 1)( 5 8 + 1)( 5 16 + 1)
= 12.( 5 8 - 1)( 5 8 + 1)( 5 16 + 1)
= 12.( 5 16 - 1)( 5 16 + 1)
= 12.( 5 32 - 1)
Ta có: \(P=12\left(5^2+1\right)\left(5^4+1\right)\left(5^8+1\right)\left(5^{16}+1\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow P=\dfrac{24\left(5^2+1\right)\left(5^4+1\right)\left(5^8+1\right)\left(5^{16}+1\right)}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow P=\dfrac{\left(5^2-1\right)\left(5^2+1\right)\left(5^4+1\right)\left(5^8+1\right)\left(5^{16}+1\right)}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow P=\dfrac{\left(5^4-1\right)\left(5^4+1\right)\left(5^8+1\right)\left(5^{16}+1\right)}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow P=\dfrac{\left(5^8-1\right)\left(5^8+1\right)\left(5^{16}+1\right)}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow P=\dfrac{\left(5^{16}-1\right)\left(5^{16}+1\right)}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow P=\dfrac{5^{32}-1}{2}\)
\(C=48\left(5^2+1\right)\left(5^4+1\right)\left(5^8+1\right)\left(5^{16}+1\right)\left(5^{32}+1\right)\left(5^{64}+1\right)=2\left(5^2-1\right)\left(5^2+1\right)\left(5^4+1\right)\left(5^8+1\right)\left(5^{16}+1\right)\left(5^{32}+1\right)\left(5^{64}+1\right)=2\left(5^4-1\right)\left(5^4+1\right)\left(5^8+1\right)\left(5^{16}+1\right)\left(5^{32}+1\right)\left(5^{64}+1\right)\)
\(=2\left(5^{128}-1\right)=2.5^{128}-2\)
c: Ta có: \(C=48\left(5^2+1\right)\left(5^4+1\right)\left(5^8+1\right)\left(5^{16}+1\right)\cdot\left(5^{32}+1\right)\left(5^{64}+1\right)\)
\(=2\cdot\left(5^2-1\right)\left(5^2+1\right)\cdot\left(5^4+1\right)\left(5^8+1\right)\left(5^{16}+1\right)\left(5^{32}+1\right)\left(5^{64}+1\right)\)
\(=2\cdot\left(5^4-1\right)\left(5^4+1\right)\left(5^8+1\right)\left(5^{16}+1\right)\left(5^{32}+1\right)\left(5^{64}+1\right)\)
\(=2\cdot\left(5^8-1\right)\left(5^8+1\right)\left(5^{16}+1\right)\left(5^{32}+1\right)\left(5^{64}+1\right)\)
\(=2\cdot\left(5^{16}-1\right)\cdot\left(5^{16}+1\right)\cdot\left(5^{32}+1\right)\left(5^{64}+1\right)\)
\(=2\cdot\left(5^{32}-1\right)\left(5^{32}+1\right)\left(5^{64}+1\right)\)
\(=2\cdot\left(5^{64}-1\right)\left(5^{64}+1\right)\)
\(=2\cdot\left(5^{128}-1\right)\)
\(=2\cdot5^{128}-2\)
Bài4:
=>x(x^2+1)=0
>x=0
Bài 5:
=>\(3n^3+n^2+9n^2+3n-3n-1-4⋮3n+1\)
=>\(3n+1\in\left\{1;-1;2;-2;4;-4\right\}\)
hay \(n\in\left\{0;-\dfrac{2}{3};\dfrac{1}{3};-1;1;-\dfrac{5}{3}\right\}\)
Bài 4:
x^3+x=0
=>x(x^2+1)=0
=>x=0
Bài 5:
\(3n^3+10n^2-5⋮3n+1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3n^3+n^2+9n^2-1-4⋮3n+1\)
=>\(3n+1\in\left\{1;-1;2;-2;4;-4\right\}\)
hay \(n\in\left\{0;-\dfrac{2}{3};\dfrac{1}{3};-1;1;-\dfrac{5}{3}\right\}\)
Biến đổi ta được: m = 7 ( a + 1 ) ( 2 a − 5 ) ( 2 a + 5 ) ; n = 3 a ( 2 a + 5 ) 5 ( a 3 + 1 )
⇒ A = mn = 21 a ( 2 a − 5 ) ( a 2 − a + 1 )
ii) (5x + 1)2 + (5x – 1)2 + 2(5x + 1)(5x – 1)
= [(5x + 1) + (5x - 1)]2
= (10x)2 = 100x2
ii) (4x + 1)2 + (4x – 1)2 – 2(4x + 1)(4x – 1)
= [(4x + 1) - (4x - 1)]2
= (4x + 1 - 4x + 1)2
= 22 = 4
Bài 13:
a) \(501^2\)
\(=\left(500+1\right)^2\)
\(=500^2+2\cdot500\cdot1+1^2\)
\(=250000+1000+1\)
\(=251001\)
b) \(88^2+24\cdot88+12^2\)
\(=88^2+2\cdot12\cdot88+12^2\)
\(=\left(88+12\right)^2\)
\(=100^2\)
\(=10000\)
c) \(52\cdot48\)
\(=\left(50+2\right)\left(50-2\right)\)
\(=50^2-2^2\)
\(=2500-4\)
\(=2496\)
Bài 14:
a) \(P=\left(2x-1\right)\left(4x^2+2x+1\right)+\left(x+1\right)\left(x^2-x+1\right)\)
\(P=\left(2x\right)^3-1+x^3+1\)
\(P=8x^3+x^3\)
\(P=9x^3\)
b) \(Q=\left(x-y\right)\left(x^2+xy+y^2\right)-\left(x+y\right)\left(x^2-xy+y^2\right)+2y^3\)
\(Q=x^3-y^3-x^3-y^3+2y^3\)
\(Q=-2y^3+2y^3\)
\(Q=0\)
Đặt
\(A=12.\left(5^2+1\right).\left(5^4+1\right).\left(5^8+1\right).\left(5^{16}+1\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow2A=24.\left(5^2+1\right).\left(5^4+1\right).\left(5^8+1\right).\left(5^{16}+1\right)\)
\(2A=\left(5^2-1\right).\left(5^2+1\right).\left(5^4+1\right).\left(5^8+1\right).\left(5^{16}+1\right)\)
\(2A=\left(5^4-1\right).\left(5^4+1\right).\left(5^8+1\right).\left(5^{16}+1\right)\)
\(2A=\left(5^8-1\right).\left(5^8+1\right).\left(5^{16}+1\right)\)
\(2A=\left(5^{16}-1\right).\left(5^{16}+1\right)\)
\(2A=\left(5^{16}\right)^2-1^2\)
\(2A=5^{32}-1\)
\(\Rightarrow A=\frac{5^{32}-1}{2}.\)