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Tính nhanh mỗi biểu thức sau:
a, 0 + 1 + 2 + 3 + 4 + 5 + 6 + 7 + 8 + 9 + 10 + 11 + 12 + 13 + 14 + 15 + 16 + 17 + 18 + 19 + 20
= (0 + 20) + (1 + 19) + (2 + 18) + (3 + 17) + (4 + 16) + (5 + 15) + (6 + 14) + (7 + 13) + (8 + 12) + (9 + 11) + 10
= 20 + 20 + 20 + 20 + 20 + 20 + 20 + 20 + 20 + 20 + 10
= 20 x 10 + 10
= 200 + 10
= 210
b, 1 x 2 x 3 x 4 x 5 x 6 x 7 x 8 x 9 x (4 x 9 - 36)
= 1 x 2 x 3 x 4 x 5 x 6 x 7 x 8 x 9 x (36 - 36)
= 1 x 2 x 3 x 4 x 5 x 6 x 7 x 8 x 9 x 0
= A x 0
= 0
c, (81 - 7 x 9 - 18) : (1 + 2 + 3 + 4 + 5 + 6 + 7 + 8 + 9)
= (81 - 63 - 18) : (1 + 2 + 3 + 4 + 5 + 6 + 7 + 8 + 9)
= (18 - 18) : (1 + 2 + 3 + 4 + 5 + 6 + 7 + 8 + 9)
= 0 :(1 + 2 + 3 + 4 + 5 + 6 + 7 + 8 + 9)
= 0 : A
= 0
d, (6 x 5 + 7 - 37) x (1 + 2 + 3 + 4 + 5 + 6 + 7 + 8 + 9 + 10)
= (30 + 7 - 37) x (1 + 2 + 3 + 4 + 5 + 6 + 7 + 8 + 9 + 10)
= (37 - 37) x (1 + 2 + 3 + 4 + 5 + 6 + 7 + 8 + 9 + 10)
= 0 x (1 + 2 + 3 + 4 + 5 + 6 + 7 + 8 + 9 + 10)
= 0 x A
= 0
e, (11 x 9 - 100 + 1) : (1 x 2 x 3 x 4 x ... x 10)
= (99 - 100 + 1) : (1 x 2 x 3 x 4 x ... x 10)
= (99 + 1 - 100) : (1 x 2 x 3 x 4 x ... x 10)
= (100 - 100) : (1 x 2 x 3 x 4 x ... x 10)
= 0 : (1 x 2 x 3 x 4 x ... x 10)
= 0 : A
= 0
g, (m : 1 - m x 1) : (m x 2008 + m x 2008)
= (m - m) : (m x 2008 + m x 2008)
= 0 : (m x 2008 + m x 2008)
= 0 : A
= 0
h, (2 + 4 + 6 + 8 + m x n) x (324 x 3 - 972)
= (2 + 4 + 6 + 8 + m x n) x (972 - 972)
= (2 + 4 + 6 + 8 + m x n) x 0
= A x 0
= 0
l, (1 + 2 + 3 + ... + 99) x (13 x 15 - 12 x 15 - 15)
= (1 + 2 + 3 + ... + 99) x (15 x (13 - 12 - 1))
= (1 + 2 + 3 + ... + 99) x (15 x 0)
= (1 + 2 + 3 + ... + 99) x 0
= A x 0
= 0
i, (0 x 1 x 2 x...x 99 x 100) : (2 + 4 + 6 +...+ 98)
= 0 x : (2 + 4 + 6 +...+ 98)
= 0 x A
= 0
k, (0 + 1 + 2 +...+ 97 + 99) x (45 x 3 - 45 x 2 - 45)
= (0 + 1 + 2 +...+ 97 + 99) x (45 x (3 - 2 - 4))
= (0 + 1 + 2 +...+ 97 + 99) x (45 x 0)
= (0 + 1 + 2 +...+ 97 + 99) x 0
= A x 0
= 0
`1)1/2:2/3 .... 2/3 : 1/2`
`=>1/2xx3/2 .... 2/3xx2`
`=>3/4 .... 4/3`
Vì `3/4 < 1` và `4/3>1`
`=>3/4<4/3`
__
`4/7:2/5 ... 4/7 : 3/5`
`=>4/7xx5/2....4/7xx5/3`
`=>20/14...20/21`
`=>10/7...20/21`
Vì `10/7>1` và `20/21<1`
`=>10/7>20/21`
__
`4/15:4/7....2/5xx10/3`
`=>4/15xx7/4...20/15`
`=>7/15...20/15`
Vì `7<20` nên `7/15<20/15`
__
`5/6...15/18-11/18`
`=>5/6...4/18`
Ta có : MSC : `18`
`5/6 = 15/18`
Vì `15>4` nên `5/6 > 4/18`
`2)2/3=(2xx6)/(3xx6)=12/18`
`7/9=(7xx7)/(9xx7)=49/63`
`6/5=(6xx3)/(5xx3)=18/15`
`2/3=(2xx5)/(3xx5)=10/15`
`5/9=(5xx5)/(9xx5)=25/45`
`49/56=(49:7)/(56:7)=7/8`
`6/8=(6xx7)/(8xx7)=42/56`
`2/9=(2xx7)/(9xx7)=14/63`
`49/56=(49:7)/(56:7)=7/8`
`4/7+4`
`=4/7+4/1`
`=4/7+28/7`
`=32/7`
__
`3+6/11`
`=33/11+6/11`
`=39/11`
__
`3-5/7`
`=3/1-5/7`
`=21/7-5/7`
`=16/7`
__
`21/9-2`
`=21/9-18/9`
`=3/9`
`=1/3`
__
`15/24+2`
`=15/24+48/24`
`=63/24`
`=21/16`
__
`63/45-20/25`
`=63/45-4/5`
`=63/45-36/45`
`=27/45`
`=9/15`
__
`3/4-2/8`
`=3/4-1/4`
`=2/4`
__
`6/7-5/8`
`=48/56-35/56`
`=13/56`
__
`37/45-5/9`
`=37/45-25/45`
`=12/45`
`=4/15`
__
`46/39-11/13`
`=46/39-33/39`
`=13/39`
`=1/2`
__
`5/12+3/4+1/3`
`=5/12+9/12+4/12`
`=14/12+4/12`
`=18/12`
`=3/2`
__
`1/2+3/7+11/14`
`=7/14+6/14+11/14`
`=13/14+11/14`
`=24/14`
`=12/7`
__
`7/10-(1/5+1/4)`
`=7/10-(4/20+5/20)`
`=7/10-9/20`
`=14/20-9/20`
`=5/20`
`=1/4`
__
`15/4-2/3-3/4`
`=(15/4-3/4)-2/3`
`=12/4-2/3`
`=3-2/3`
`=9/3-2/3`
`=7/3`
4 : 9 = \(\dfrac{4}{9}\) 8 : 11 =\(\dfrac{8}{11}\) 7 : 15 =\(\dfrac{7}{15}\)
15 : 5 = \(\dfrac{15}{5}=\dfrac{3}{1}\) 63 : 21 =\(\dfrac{63}{21}\) 45 : 9 =\(\dfrac{45}{9}=\dfrac{5}{1}\)
6 : 18 = \(\dfrac{6}{18}=\dfrac{1}{3}\) 144 : 24 =\(\dfrac{244}{24}\) 7 =\(\dfrac{7}{1}\)
15 = \(\dfrac{15}{1}\) 10 = \(\dfrac{10}{1}\) 0 =\(\dfrac{0}{1}\)
\(4:9=\dfrac{4}{9};15:5=\dfrac{15}{5}=3;6:18=\dfrac{6}{18}=\dfrac{1}{3}\\ 15=\dfrac{15}{1};8:11=\dfrac{8}{11};63:21=\dfrac{63}{21}=3;144:24=\dfrac{144}{24};10=\dfrac{10}{1}\\ 7:15=\dfrac{7}{15};45:9=\dfrac{45}{9}=5;7=\dfrac{7}{1};0=0\)
\(a.\dfrac{3}{4}=\dfrac{3.9}{4.9}=\dfrac{27}{36}\)
\(\dfrac{5}{9}=\dfrac{5.4}{9.4}=\dfrac{20}{36}\)
\(b.\dfrac{5}{6}=\dfrac{5.3}{6.3}=\dfrac{15}{18}\) giữ nguyên phân số còn lại
c. \(\dfrac{3}{8}=\dfrac{3.3}{8.3}=\dfrac{9}{24}\)
\(\dfrac{7}{12}=\dfrac{7.2}{12.2}=\dfrac{14}{24}\)
d. \(\dfrac{11}{12}=\dfrac{11.4}{12.4}=\dfrac{44}{48}\)
giữ nguyên phân số còn lại.
e. \(\dfrac{9}{50}=\dfrac{9.4}{50.4}=\dfrac{36}{200}\)
giữ nguyên phân số còn lại
\(f.\dfrac{1}{3}=\dfrac{1.3}{15.3}=\dfrac{3}{45}\)
\(\dfrac{2}{15}=\dfrac{2.3}{15.3}=\dfrac{6}{45}\)
giữ nguyên phân số còn lại
1+2+3+4+5+6+7+8+9+10+11+12+13+14+15+16+17+18+19
=(1+19)+(2+18)+(3+17)+(4+16)+(5+15)+(6+14)+(7+13)+(8+12)+(9+11)+10
=20+20+20+20+20+20+20+20+20+10
=20×9+10
=180+10
=190
1.
\(\left(572\cdot7+266\right)\cdot\left(366\cdot9-168\cdot18\right)\cdot\left(346\cdot6-348\right)\)
\(=\left(286\cdot7\cdot2+133\cdot2\right)\cdot\left(366\cdot9-168\cdot2\cdot9\right)\cdot\left(173\cdot6\cdot2-174\cdot2\right)\)
\(=\left(2002\cdot2+133\cdot2\right)\cdot\left(366\cdot9-336\cdot9\right)\cdot\left(1038\cdot2-174\cdot2\right)\)
\(=\left[2\cdot\left(2002+133\right)\right]\cdot\left[9\cdot\left(366-336\right)\right]\cdot\left[2\cdot\left(1038-174\right)\right]\)
\(=2\cdot2135\cdot9\cdot30\cdot2\cdot864\)
\(=4270\cdot9\cdot30\cdot2\cdot864\)
\(=\left(4270\cdot30\right)\cdot9\cdot2\cdot864\)
\(=\left(427\cdot10\right)\cdot\left(3\cdot10\right)\cdot9\cdot2\cdot864\)
\(=\left(427\cdot3\right)\cdot\left(10\cdot10\right)\cdot9\cdot2\cdot864\)
\(=1281\cdot100\cdot9\cdot2\cdot864\)
\(=\left(1281\cdot100\right)\cdot\left(9\cdot2\cdot864\right)\)
\(=\left(1281\cdot100\right)\cdot15552\)
\(=\left(1281\cdot15552\right)\cdot100\)
\(=19922112\cdot100\)
\(=1992211200\)
2.
\(\left(1+3+5+7+...+97+9\right)\cdot\left(45\cdot3-15\cdot2-45\right)\)
\(=\left(1+3+5+7+...+97+9\right)\cdot\left(15\cdot3\cdot3-15\cdot2-15\cdot3\right)\)
\(=\left(1+3+5+7+...+97+9\right)\cdot\left[15\cdot\left(3\cdot3\right)-15\cdot2-15\cdot3\right]\)
\(=\left(1+3+5+7+...+97+9\right)\cdot\left(15\cdot9-15\cdot2-15\cdot3\right)\)
\(=\left(1+3+5+7+...+97+9\right)\cdot\left[15\cdot\left(9-2-3\right)\right]\)
\(=\left(1+3+5+7+...+97+9\right)\cdot15\cdot4\)
\(=\left[\left(1+3+5+7+...+97\right)+9\right]\cdot\left(15\cdot4\right)\)
Trong \(\left(1+3+5+7+...+97\right)\) có số số hạng là:
\(\left(97-1\right)\div2+1=49\) ( số hạng )
\(\Rightarrow\left[\left(1+3+5+7+...+97\right)+9\right]\cdot\left(15\cdot4\right)\)
\(=\left[\left(97+1\right)\cdot49\div2\right]\cdot\left(15\cdot4\right)\)
\(=2401\cdot60\)
\(=\left(2401\cdot6\right)\cdot10\)
\(=14406\cdot10\)
\(=144060\)
3.
\(\left(180\div15-132\div11\right)\cdot\left(57869-297\div11\cdot108\right)\)
\(=\left(12-12\right)\cdot\left(57869-297\div11\cdot108\right)\)
\(=0\cdot\left(57869-297\div11\cdot108\right)\)
\(=0\)
Sửa lại bài 2; dòng 11 ( từ đề bài bài 2 ):
\(=\left\{\left[\left(97+1\right)\cdot49\div2\right]+9\right\}\cdot\left(15\cdot4\right)\)
\(=\left(2401+9\right)\cdot\left(15\cdot4\right)\)
\(=2410\cdot\left(15\cdot4\right)\)
\(=2410\cdot60\)
\(=\left(241\cdot10\right)\cdot\left(6\cdot10\right)\)
\(=\left(241\cdot6\right)\cdot\left(10\cdot10\right)\)
\(=1446\cdot10\)
\(=14460\)