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Bài 2)
Ta có \(\frac{a}{b}< \frac{c}{d}\)
\(\Rightarrow ad< bc\)
Xét \(\frac{a}{b}< \frac{a+c}{b+d}\)
\(\Rightarrow a\left(b+d\right)< b\left(a+c\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow ab+ad< ab+bc\)
\(\Rightarrow ad< bc\) ( thỏa mãn đề bài )
Vậy \(\frac{a}{b}< \frac{a+c}{b+d}\) (1)
Xét \(\frac{a+c}{b+d}< \frac{c}{d}\)
\(\Rightarrow d\left(a+c\right)< c\left(b+d\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow ad+cd< bc+cd\)
\(\Rightarrow ad< bc\) ( thỏa mãn đề bài )
Vậy \(\frac{a+c}{b+d}< \frac{c}{d}\) (2)
Từ (1) và (2)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a}{b}< \frac{a+c}{b+d}< \frac{c}{d}\) (đpcm)
\(A=\frac{\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+...+\frac{1}{2014}}{2013+\frac{2013}{2}+\frac{2012}{3}+...+\frac{1}{2014}}\)
Đặt \(B=2013+\frac{2013}{2}+\frac{2012}{3}+...+\frac{1}{2014}\)
\(=\left(2013-2013\right)\left(\frac{2013}{2}+1\right)+...+\left(\frac{1}{2014}+1\right)\)
\(=0+\frac{2015}{2}+\frac{2015}{3}+...+\frac{2015}{2014}\)
\(=2015\cdot\left(\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+...+\frac{1}{2014}\right)\)
Thay B vào A ta được:
\(A=\frac{\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+...+\frac{1}{2014}}{2015\cdot\left(\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+...+\frac{1}{2014}\right)}\)
\(=\frac{1}{2015}\)
Vậy \(A=\frac{1}{2015}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{x^{2014}}{a^2+b^2+c^2+d^2}+\frac{y^{2014}}{a^2+b^2+c^2+d^2}+\frac{z^{2014}}{a^2+b^2+c^2+d^2}+\frac{t^{2014}}{a^2+b^2+c^2+d^2}\)
\(-\frac{x^{2014}}{a^2}-\frac{y^{2014}}{b^2}-\frac{z^{2014}}{c^2}-\frac{t^{2014}}{d^2}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\frac{x^{2014}}{a^2+b^2+c^2+d^2}-\frac{x^{2014}}{a^2}\right)+\left(\frac{y^{2014}}{a^2+b^2+c^2+d^2}-\frac{y^{2014}}{b^2}\right)+\left(\frac{z^{2014}}{a^2+b^2+c^2+d^2}-\frac{z^{2014}}{c^2}\right)\)
\(+\left(\frac{t^{2014}}{a^2+b^2+c^2+d^2}-\frac{t^{2014}}{d^2}\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^{2014}.\left(\frac{1}{a^2+b^2+c^2+d^2}-\frac{1}{a^2}\right)+y^{2014}.\left(\frac{1}{a^2+b^2+c^2+d^2}-\frac{1}{b^2}\right)+\)
\(z^{2014}.\left(\frac{1}{a^2+b^2+c^2+d^2}-\frac{1}{c^2}\right)+t^{2014}.\left(\frac{1}{a^2+b^2+c^2+d^2}-\frac{1}{d^2}\right)=0\)
vì a2,b2,c2,d2 lớn hơn hoặc bằng 0
=> \(\hept{\begin{cases}\frac{1}{a^2+b^2+c^2+d^2}-\frac{1}{a^2}\ne0\\\frac{1}{a^2+b^2+c^2+d^2}-\frac{1}{b^2}\ne0\\\frac{1}{a^2+b^2+c^2+d^2}-\frac{1}{c^2}\ne0\end{cases}}và....\frac{1}{a^2+b^2+c^2+d^2}-\frac{1}{d^2}\ne0\)
\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x^{2014}=0\\y^{2014}=0\\z^{2014}=0\end{cases}}và..t^{2014}=0\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=0\\y=0\\z=0\end{cases}}và...t=0\)
=> \(\hept{\begin{cases}x^{2015}=0\\y^{2015}=0\\z^{2015}=0\end{cases}}và..t^{2015}=0\Rightarrow x^{2015}+y^{2015}+z^{2015}+t^{2015}=0\)
vậy \(x^{2015}+y^{2015}+z^{2015}+t^{2015}=0\)