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Áp dụng bđt \(\frac{x^2}{m}+\frac{y^2}{n}+\frac{z^2}{p}\ge\frac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{m+n+p}\) ta có
\(\frac{a^3}{b}+\frac{b^3}{c}+\frac{c^3}{a}=\frac{a^4}{ab}+\frac{b^4}{bc}+\frac{c^4}{ac}\ge\frac{\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^2}{ab+bc+ac}\ge\frac{\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^2}{a^2+b^2+c^2}=a^2+b^2+c^2\)
Bài 1. Đặt \(a=\sqrt{x+3},b=\sqrt{x+7}\)
\(\Rightarrow a.b+6=3a+2b\) và \(b^2-a^2=4\)
Từ đó tính được a và b
Bài 2. \(\frac{2x-1}{x^2}+\frac{y-1}{y^2}+\frac{6z-9}{z^2}=\frac{9}{4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{2}{x}-\frac{1}{x^2}+\frac{1}{y}-\frac{1}{y^2}+\frac{6}{z}-\frac{9}{z^2}-\frac{9}{4}=0\)
Đặt \(a=\frac{1}{x},b=\frac{1}{y},c=\frac{1}{z}\)
Ta có \(2a-a^2+b-b^2+6c-9c^2-\frac{9}{4}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-\left(a^2-2a+1\right)-\left(b^2-b+\frac{1}{4}\right)-\left(9c^2-6c+1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-\left(a-1\right)^2-\left(b-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2-\left(3c-1\right)^2=0\)
Áp dụng tính chất bất đẳng thức suy ra a = 1 , b = 1/2 , c = 1/3
Rồi từ đó tìm được x,y,z
b)đk:\(x\ge\dfrac{1}{2}\)
Có: \(\sqrt{2x^2-1}\le\dfrac{2x^2-1+1}{2}=x^2\)
\(x\sqrt{2x-1}=\sqrt{\left(2x^2-x\right)x}\le\dfrac{2x^2-x+x}{2}=x^2\)
=>\(\sqrt{2x^2-1}+x\sqrt{2x-1}\le2x^2\)
Dấu = xảy ra\(\Leftrightarrow x=1\)
Vậy....
c) đk: \(x\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x}=\sqrt{x+9}-\dfrac{2\sqrt{2}}{\sqrt{x+1}}\)
\(\Rightarrow x=x+9+\dfrac{8}{x+1}-4\sqrt{\dfrac{2\left(x+9\right)}{x+1}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow0=9+\dfrac{8}{x+1}-4\sqrt{\dfrac{2\left(x+9\right)}{x+1}}\)
Đặt \(a=\sqrt{\dfrac{2\left(x+9\right)}{x+1}}\left(a>0\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a^2-2}{2}=\dfrac{8}{x+1}\)
pttt \(9+\dfrac{a^2-2}{2}-4a=0\) \(\Leftrightarrow a=4\) (TM)
\(\Rightarrow4=\sqrt{\dfrac{2\left(x+9\right)}{x+1}}\) \(\Leftrightarrow16=\dfrac{2\left(x+9\right)}{x+1}\) \(\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{1}{7}\) (TM)
Vậy ...
a)ĐKXĐ: x≥-1/3; x≤6
<=>\(\dfrac{3x-15}{\sqrt{3x+1}+4}+\dfrac{x-5}{\sqrt{x-6}+1}+\left(x-5\right)\cdot\left(3x+1\right)=0\Leftrightarrow\left(x-5\right)\cdot\left(\dfrac{3}{\sqrt{3x+1}+4}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{x-6}+1}+3x+1\right)=0\Leftrightarrow x-5=0\Leftrightarrow x=5\)(nhận)
(vì x≥-1/3 nên3x+1≥0 )
\(a,PT\Leftrightarrow x\sqrt{3}=x+2\\ \Leftrightarrow3x^2=x^2+4x+4\\ \Leftrightarrow2x^2-4x-4=0\Leftrightarrow x^2-2x-2=0\\ \Delta=4+8=12\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{2-2\sqrt{3}}{2}=1-\sqrt{3}\\x=\dfrac{2+2\sqrt{3}}{2}=1+\sqrt{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(b,ĐK:x\ge\dfrac{2}{3}\\ PT\Leftrightarrow3x-2=7-4\sqrt{3}\\ \Leftrightarrow3x=9-4\sqrt{3}\\ \Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{9-4\sqrt{3}}{3}\left(tm\right)\)
\(c,ĐK:x\ge-1\\ PT\Leftrightarrow\left(x+1-4\sqrt{x+1}+4\right)+\left(x^2-6x+9\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt{x+1}-2\right)^2+\left(x-3\right)^2=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{x+1}=2\\x-3=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+1=4\\x=3\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow x=3\left(tm\right)\)
a) \(\sqrt{-x^2+x+4}=x-3\left(đk:x\ge3\right)\)
\(-x^2+x+4=x^2-6x+9\)
\(2x^2-7x-5=0\)
\(\Delta=49-4.2.\left(-5\right)=89\)
\(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{7+\sqrt{89}}{4}\left(TM\right)\\x=\dfrac{7-\sqrt{89}}{4}\left(L\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
b) \(\sqrt{-2x^2+6}=x-1\left(đk:x\ge1\right)\)
\(-2x^2+6=x^2-2x+1\)
\(3x^2-2x-5=0\)
\(\Delta=4+4.3.5=64\)
\(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{2-8}{6}=-1\left(L\right)\\x=\dfrac{2+8}{6}=\dfrac{5}{3}\left(TM\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
c) \(\sqrt{x+2}=1+\sqrt{x-3}\left(Đk:x\ge3\right)\)
\(x+2=1+x-3+2\sqrt{x-3}\)
\(\sqrt{x-3}=2\)
\(x-3=4\)
\(x=7\)
4. \(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}=6\sqrt{55}\)
\(6\sqrt{55}\) là số vô tỉ, suy ra vế trái phải là các căn thức đồng dạng chứa \(\sqrt{55}\)
Đặt \(\sqrt{x}=a\sqrt{55};\sqrt{y}=b\sqrt{55}\) với \(a,b\in N\)
\(\Rightarrow a+b=6\)
Xét các TH:
a = 0 => b = 6
a = 1 => b = 5
a = 2 => b = 4
a = 3 => b = 3
a = 4 => b = 2
a = 5 => b = 1
a = 6 => b = 0
Từ đó dễ dàng tìm đc x, y
a. ĐKXĐ :\(x\ge2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{\left(x-2\right)\left(x-1\right)}+\sqrt{x+3}=\sqrt{x-2}+\sqrt{\left(x-1\right)\left(x+3\right)}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x-2}\left(\sqrt{x-1}-1\right)-\sqrt{x+3}\left(\sqrt{x-1}-1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt{x-1}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x-2}-\sqrt{x+3}\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{x-1}-1=0\\\sqrt{x-2}-\sqrt{x+3}=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{x-1}=1\\\sqrt{x-2}=\sqrt{x+3}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=2\text{ }\left(\text{TM}\right)\\\text{vô nghiệm}\end{matrix}\right.\)
b. \(\sqrt{a^2+b^2}+\sqrt{c^2+d^2}\ge\sqrt{\left(a+c\right)^2+\left(b+d\right)^2}\) \(\left(1\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2+d^2+2\sqrt{\left(a^2+b^2\right)\left(c^2+d^2\right)}\ge a^2+b^2+c^2+d^2+2ac+2bd\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{\left(a^2+b^2\right)\left(c^2+d^2\right)}\ge ac+bd\) \(\left(2\right)\)
\(+\) Nếu \(ac+bd< 0\) thì \(\left(2\right)\) được chứng minh
\(+\) Nếu \(ac+bd\ge0\), ta có :
\(\left(2\right)\Leftrightarrow\left(a^2+b^2\right)\left(c^2+d^2\right)\ge a^2c^2+b^2d^2+2abcd\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2c^2+a^2d^2+b^2c^2+b^2d^2\ge a^2c^2+b^2d^2+2abcd\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(ad-bc\right)^2\ge0\) \(\left(3\right)\)
Bất đẳng thức \(\left(3\right)\) đúng \(\forall a,d,b,c\in R\)
Vậy bất đẳng thức một được chứng minh
Ta có : \(A=\sqrt{\frac{1}{x^2}+\frac{1}{y^2}+\frac{1}{z^2}}=\sqrt{\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)^2-2\left(\frac{1}{xy}-\frac{1}{yz}-\frac{1}{zx}\right)}=\sqrt{\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)^2-2.\frac{x+y+z}{xyz}}\)
Vì x + y + z = 0
\(\Rightarrow A=\sqrt{\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)^2}=\left|\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right|\left(đpcm\right)\)