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a) \(A=\frac{1}{1.2}+\frac{1}{2.3}+...+\frac{1}{99.100}\)
\(=1-\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}+...+\frac{1}{99}-\frac{1}{100}\)
\(=1-\frac{1}{100}< 1\)
\(\Rightarrow A< 1\)
b) \(B=\frac{1}{3}+\left(\frac{1}{3}\right)^2+...+\left(\frac{1}{3}\right)^{100}\)
\(\Rightarrow3B=1+\frac{1}{3}+...+\left(\frac{1}{3}\right)^{99}\)
\(\Rightarrow3B-B=1-\left(\frac{1}{3}\right)^{100}\)
\(\Rightarrow2B=1-\left(\frac{1}{3}\right)^{100}< 1\)
\(\Rightarrow2B< 1\)
\(\Rightarrow B< \frac{1}{2}\)
Ta có công thức :
\(\frac{1}{k\left(k+1\right)}=\frac{\left(k+1\right)-k}{k\left(k+1\right)}=\frac{k+1}{k\left(k+1\right)}-\frac{k}{k\left(k+1\right)}=\frac{1}{k}-\frac{1}{k+1}\)
\(\Rightarrow A=1-\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}+.....+\frac{1}{n-1}-\frac{1}{n}\)
\(=1-\frac{1}{n}=\frac{n-1}{n}\)
\(A=\left[\frac{1\frac{11}{31}\cdot4\frac{3}{7}-\left(15-6\frac{1}{3}\cdot\frac{2}{19}\right)}{4\frac{5}{6}+\frac{1}{6}\left(12-5\frac{1}{3}\right)}\cdot\left(-1\frac{14}{93}\right)\right]\cdot\frac{31}{50}\)
\(A=\left[\frac{\frac{42}{31}\cdot\frac{31}{7}-\left(15-\frac{19}{3}\cdot\frac{2}{19}\right)}{4\frac{5}{6}+\frac{1}{6}\left(12-\frac{16}{3}\right)}\cdot\left(-\frac{107}{93}\right)\right]\cdot\frac{31}{50}\)
\(A=\left[\frac{6-\left(15-\frac{2}{3}\right)}{\frac{29}{6}+\frac{10}{9}}\cdot\left(-\frac{107}{93}\right)\right]\cdot\frac{31}{50}\)
\(A=\left[\frac{6-\frac{43}{3}}{\frac{107}{18}}\cdot\left(-\frac{107}{93}\right)\right]\cdot\frac{31}{50}\)
\(A=\left[\frac{-\frac{25}{3}}{\frac{107}{18}}\cdot\left(-\frac{107}{93}\right)\right]\cdot\frac{31}{50}\)
\(A=\frac{50}{31}\cdot\frac{31}{50}=1\)
\(=\frac{1}{1}-\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{4}+...+\frac{1}{49}-\frac{1}{50}\)
=\(\left(\frac{1}{1}+\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+...+\frac{1}{50}\right)-2\left(\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{4}+...+\frac{1}{50}\right)\)
=\(\left(\frac{1}{1}+\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+...+\frac{1}{50}\right)-\left(\frac{1}{1}+\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+...+\frac{1}{25}\right)\)
=\(\frac{1}{26}+\frac{1}{27}+\frac{1}{28}+...+\frac{1}{50}\)
Ta có: \(1-\frac{2}{n.\left(n+1\right)}\)
=\(\frac{n.\left(n+1\right)-2}{n\left(n+1\right)}\)
=\(\frac{n^2+n-2}{n.\left(n+1\right)}\)
=\(\frac{\left(n^2-1\right)+\left(n-1\right)}{n.\left(n+1\right)}\)
=\(\frac{\left(n-1\right).\left(n+1\right)+\left(n-1\right)}{n.\left(n+1\right)}\)
=\(\frac{\left(n-1\right).\left(n+1+1\right)}{n.\left(n+1\right)}\)
=\(\frac{\left(n-1\right).\left(n+2\right)}{n.\left(n+1\right)}\)
=>\(1-\frac{2}{n.\left(n+1\right)}=\frac{\left(n-1\right).\left(n+2\right)}{n.\left(n+1\right)}\left(1\right)\)
Lại có: \(M=\left(1-\frac{2}{2.3}\right).\left(1-\frac{2}{3.4}\right).\left(1-\frac{2}{4.5}\right)....\left(1-\frac{2}{99.100}\right)\)
=> \(M=\left(1-\frac{2}{2.\left(2+1\right)}\right).\left(1-\frac{2}{3.\left(3+1\right)}\right).\left(1-\frac{2}{4.\left(4+1\right)}\right)....\left(1-\frac{2}{99.\left(99+1\right)}\right)\left(2\right)\)
Thay (1) vào (2) ta được:
\(M=\frac{\left(2-1\right).\left(2+2\right)}{2.\left(2+1\right)}.\frac{\left(3-1\right).\left(3+2\right)}{3.\left(3+1\right)}.\frac{\left(4-1\right).\left(4+2\right)}{4.\left(4+1\right)}...\frac{\left(99-1\right).\left(99+2\right)}{99.\left(99+1\right)}\)
=> \(M=\frac{1.4}{2.3}.\frac{2.5}{3.4}.\frac{3.6}{4.5}....\frac{98.101}{99.100}\)
=> \(M=\frac{1.4.2.5.3.6....98.101}{2.3.3.4.4.5....99.100}\)
=> \(M=\frac{\left(1.2.3....98\right).\left(4.5.6....101\right)}{\left(2.3.4....99\right).\left(3.4.5....100\right)}\)
=> \(M=\frac{1.101}{99.3}\)
=> \(M=\frac{101}{297}\)
Vậy \(M=\frac{101}{297}\)
\(\frac{\left(\frac{53}{4}-\frac{59}{27}-\frac{65}{6}\right).\frac{5751}{25}+\frac{187}{4}}{\left(\frac{10}{7}+\frac{10}{3}\right):\left(\frac{37}{3}-\frac{100}{7}\right)}=\frac{\left(\frac{4293}{324}-\frac{708}{324}-\frac{3510}{324}\right).\frac{5751}{25}+\frac{187}{4}}{\left(\frac{30}{21}+\frac{70}{21}\right):\left(\frac{259}{21}-\frac{300}{21}\right)}=\frac{\frac{25}{108}.\frac{5751}{25}+\frac{187}{4}}{\frac{100}{21}:\left(-\frac{41}{21}\right)}\)=\(\frac{\frac{213}{4}+\frac{187}{4}}{-\frac{100}{41}}=100:\left(-\frac{100}{4}\right)=-4\)
\(30+\frac{14}{5}:\left(\frac{24}{150}-\frac{270}{150}-\frac{25}{150}\right)=30+\frac{14}{5}:\left(-\frac{271}{150}\right)=30+\left(-\frac{420}{271}\right)=\frac{7710}{271}\)
=>\(-B=\left(1-\frac{1}{2}\right)\left(1-\frac{1}{3}\right)...\left(1-\frac{1}{2012}\right)\)
=\(\frac{1}{2}.\frac{2}{3}...\frac{2011}{2012}=\frac{1}{2012}\)
\(\frac{1}{1.2}+\frac{1}{3.4}+...+\frac{1}{49.50}=1-\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{4}+...+\frac{1}{49}-\frac{1}{50}\)
\(=\left(1+\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{4}+...+\frac{1}{49}+\frac{1}{50}\right)-2\left(\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{4}+...+\frac{1}{50}\right)\)
\(=\left(1+\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{4}+...+\frac{1}{49}+\frac{1}{50}\right)-\left(1+\frac{1}{2}+...+\frac{1}{25}\right)\)
\(=\frac{1}{26}+\frac{1}{27}+\frac{1}{28}+...+\frac{1}{50}\)
Lại có \(\frac{30}{26}+\frac{31}{27}+...+\frac{54}{50}-25\)
\(=\left(\frac{30}{26}-1\right)+\left(\frac{31}{27}-1\right)+...+\left(\frac{54}{50}-1\right)\)
\(=\frac{4}{26}+\frac{4}{27}+...+\frac{4}{50}=4\left(\frac{1}{26}+\frac{1}{27}+...+\frac{1}{50}\right)\)
Khi đó M = \(\left(\frac{1}{26}+\frac{1}{27}+...+\frac{1}{49}+\frac{1}{50}\right):\left[4\left(\frac{1}{26}+\frac{1}{27}+...+\frac{1}{50}\right)\right]=\frac{1}{4}\)