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\(x+y+xy=40\)
\(x\left(1+y\right)+y=40\)
\(\left(x+1\right)\left(y+1\right)=41\)
Vì 41 là số nguyên tố nên xảy ra các trường hợp:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+1=1\\y+1=41\end{matrix}\right.\\\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+1=41\\y+1=1\end{matrix}\right.\\\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+1=-1\\y+1=-41\end{matrix}\right.\\\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+1=-41\\y+1=-1\end{matrix}\right.\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\y=40\end{matrix}\right.\\\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=40\\y=0\end{matrix}\right.\\\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-2\\y=-42\end{matrix}\right.\\\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-42\\y=-2\end{matrix}\right.\end{matrix}\right.\)
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a: xy=x-y
=>xy-x+y=0
=>xy-x+y-1=-1
=>x(y-1)+(y-1)=-1
=>(x+1)(y-1)=-1
=>\(\left(x+1\right)\left(y-1\right)=1\cdot\left(-1\right)=\left(-1\right)\cdot1\)
=>\(\left(x+1;y-1\right)\in\left\{\left(1;-1\right);\left(-1;1\right)\right\}\)
=>\(\left(x,y\right)\in\left\{\left(0;0\right);\left(-2;2\right)\right\}\)
b: x(y+2)+y=1
=>\(x\left(y+2\right)+y+2=3\)
=>\(\left(x+1\right)\left(y+2\right)=3\)
=>\(\left(x+1\right)\cdot\left(y+2\right)=1\cdot3=3\cdot1=\left(-1\right)\left(-3\right)=\left(-3\right)\left(-1\right)\)
=>\(\left(x+1;y+2\right)\in\left\{\left(1;3\right);\left(3;1\right);\left(-1;-3\right);\left(-3;-1\right)\right\}\)
=>\(\left(x,y\right)\in\left\{\left(0;1\right);\left(2;-1\right);\left(-2;-5\right);\left(-4;-3\right)\right\}\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
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a) \(xy+x+y=2\)
\(xy+x+y+1=2+1\)
\(\left(xy+x\right)+\left(y+1\right)=3\)
\(x\left(y+1\right)+\left(y+1\right)=3\)
\(\left(y+1\right)\left(x+1\right)=3\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+1\in\left\{-3;-1;1;3\right\}\\y+1\in\left\{-1;-3;3;1\right\}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x\in\left\{-4;-2;0;2\right\}\\y\in\left\{-2;-4;2;0\right\}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy ta tìm được các cặp giá trị \(\left(x;y\right)\) thỏa mãn yêu cầu:
\(\left(-4;-2\right);\left(-2;-4\right);\left(0;2\right);\left(2;0\right)\)
b) \(\left(x+1\right).y+2=-5\)
\(\left(x+1\right).y=-5-2\)
\(\left(x+1\right).y=-7\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+1\in\left\{-7;-1;1;7\right\}\\y\in\left\{1;7;-7;-1\right\}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x\in\left\{-8;-2;0;6\right\}\\y\in\left\{1;7;-7;-1\right\}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Mà \(x< y\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x\in\left\{-8;-2\right\}\\y\in\left\{1;7\right\}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy ta tìm được các cặp giá trị \(\left(x;y\right)\) thỏa mãn yêu cầu:
\(\left(-8;1\right);\left(-2;7\right)\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
a, \(xy\) = \(x\) - y
\(xy\) + y = \(x\)
y.(\(x\) + 1) = \(x\)
y = \(\dfrac{x}{x+1}\) (đk \(x\) ≠ -1)
y nguyên ⇔ \(x\) ⋮ \(x\) + 1
⇒ \(x\) + 1 - 1 ⋮ \(x\) + 1
1 ⋮ \(x\) + 1
\(x\) + 1 \(\in\) Ư(1) = {-1; 1}
lập bảng ta có:
\(x+1\) | -1 | 1 |
\(x\) | -2 | 0 |
y = \(\dfrac{x}{x+1}\) | 2 | 0 |
(\(x\);y) | (-2;2) | (0;0) |
Theo bảng trên ta có các cặp \(x\); y nguyên thỏa mãn đề bài là:
(\(x\); y) = (-2; 2); (0; 0)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(xy+y+x=2\\ \Rightarrow y\left(x+1\right)+\left(x+1\right)=3\\ \Rightarrow\left(x+1\right)\left(y+1\right)=3\)
Vì \(x,y\in Z\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+1,y+1\in Z\\x+1,y+1\inƯ\left(3\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Ta có bảng:
x+1 | -1 | -3 | 1 | 3 |
y+1 | -3 | -1 | 3 | 1 |
x | -2 | -4 | 0 | 2 |
y | -4 | -2 | 2 | 0 |
Vậy \(\left(x,y\right)\in\left\{\left(-2;-4\right);\left(-4;-2\right);\left(0;2\right);\left(2;0\right)\right\}\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
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a) \(\left(x+4\right).\left(y-1\right)=13\)
\(x+4=13\) hoặc \(y-1=13\)
\(x=13-4\) hoặc \(y=13+1\)
Vậy \(x=9;y=14\)
b) \(xy-3x+y=20\)
\(x\left(y-3\right)+y+3=20+3\)
\(x\left(y-3\right)+\left(y-3\right)=23\)
\(\left(y-3\right).\left(x+1\right)=23\)
\(y-3=23\) hoặc \(x+1=23\)
\(y=23+3\) hoặc \(x=23-1\)
Vậy \(y=26;x=22\)