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+) Ta có: \(AB \bot AC \Rightarrow \overrightarrow {AB} \bot \overrightarrow {AC} \Rightarrow \overrightarrow {AB} .\overrightarrow {AC} = 0\)
+) \(\overrightarrow {AC} .\overrightarrow {BC} = \left| {\overrightarrow {AC} } \right|.\left| {\overline {BC} } \right|.\cos \left( {\overrightarrow {AC} ,\overrightarrow {BC} } \right)\)
Ta có: \(BC = \sqrt {A{B^2} + A{C^2}} = \sqrt 2 \Leftrightarrow \sqrt {2A{C^2}} = \sqrt 2 \)\( \Rightarrow AC = 1\)
\( \Rightarrow \overrightarrow {AC} .\overrightarrow {BC} = 1.\sqrt 2 .\cos \left( {45^\circ } \right) = 1\)
+) \(\overrightarrow {BA} .\overrightarrow {BC} = \left| {\overrightarrow {BA} } \right|.\left| {\overrightarrow {BC} } \right|.\cos \left( {\overrightarrow {BA} ,\overrightarrow {BC} } \right) = 1.\sqrt 2 .\cos \left( {45^\circ } \right) = 1\)
Ta có: \(BC = \frac{{AB}}{{\cos {{30}^o}}} = 3:\frac{{\sqrt 3 }}{2} = 2\sqrt 3 \); \(AC = BC.\sin \widehat {ABC} = 2\sqrt 3 .\sin {30^o} = \sqrt 3 .\)
\(\overrightarrow {BA} .\overrightarrow {BC} = \left| {\overrightarrow {BA} } \right|.\left| {\overrightarrow {BC} } \right|\cos (\overrightarrow {BA} ,\overrightarrow {BC} ) = 3.2\sqrt 3 .\cos \widehat {ABC} = 6\sqrt 3 .\cos {30^o} = 6\sqrt 3 .\frac{{\sqrt 3 }}{2} = 9.\)
\(\overrightarrow {CA} .\overrightarrow {CB} = \left| {\overrightarrow {CA} } \right|.\left| {\overrightarrow {CB} } \right|\cos (\overrightarrow {CA} ,\overrightarrow {CB} ) = \sqrt 3 .2\sqrt 3 .\cos \widehat {ACB} = 6.\cos {60^o} = 6.\frac{1}{2} = 3.\)
Do tam giác ABC vuông tại A và \(\widehat{B}=30^o\) \(\Rightarrow C=60^o\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(\overrightarrow{AB},\overrightarrow{BC}\right)=150^o;\)\(\left(\overrightarrow{BA},\overrightarrow{BC}\right)=30^o;\left(\overrightarrow{AC},\overrightarrow{CB}\right)=120^o\)
\(\left(\overrightarrow{AB},\overrightarrow{AC}\right)=90^o;\left(\overrightarrow{BC},\overrightarrow{BA}\right)=30^o\).Do vậy:
a) \(\cos\left(\overrightarrow{AB},\overrightarrow{BC}\right)+\sin\left(\overrightarrow{BA},\overrightarrow{BC}\right)+\tan\frac{\left(\overrightarrow{AC},\overrightarrow{CB}\right)}{2}\)
\(=\cos150^o+\sin30^o+\tan60^o\)
\(=-\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}+\frac{1}{2}+\sqrt{3}\)
\(=\frac{\sqrt{3}+1}{2}\)
b) \(\sin\left(\overrightarrow{AB},\overrightarrow{AC}\right)+\cos\left(\overrightarrow{BC},\overrightarrow{AB}\right)+\cos\left(\overrightarrow{CA},\overrightarrow{BA}\right)\)
\(=\sin90^o+\cos30^o+\cos0^o\)
\(=1+\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}\)
\(=\frac{2+\sqrt{3}}{2}\)
Tham khảo:
a) \(\)\(\overrightarrow {BA} + \overrightarrow {AC} = \overrightarrow {BC} \Rightarrow \left| {\overrightarrow {BC} } \right| = BC = a\)
b) Dựng hình bình hành ABDC, giao điểm của hai đường chéo là O ta có:
\(\overrightarrow {AB} + \overrightarrow {AC} = \overrightarrow {AD} \)
\(AD = 2AO = 2\sqrt {A{B^2} - B{O^2}} = 2\sqrt {{a^2} - {{\left( {\frac{a}{2}} \right)}^2}} = a\sqrt 3 \)
\( \Rightarrow \left| {\overrightarrow {AB} + \overrightarrow {AC} } \right| = \left| {\overrightarrow {AD} } \right| = AD = a\sqrt 3 \)
c) \(\overrightarrow {BA} - \overrightarrow {BC} = \overrightarrow {BA} + \overrightarrow {CB} = \overrightarrow {CB} + \overrightarrow {BA} = \overrightarrow {CA} \)
\( \Rightarrow \left| {\overrightarrow {BA} - \overrightarrow {BC} } \right| = \left| {\overrightarrow {CA} } \right| = CA = a\)
a, \(\left(\overrightarrow{AC}-\overrightarrow{AB}\right)^2=\overrightarrow{BC}^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow AC^2+AB^2-2\overrightarrow{AB}.\overrightarrow{AC}=BC^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\overrightarrow{AB}.\overrightarrow{AC}=AB^2+AC^2-BC^2\)
\(\Rightarrow\overrightarrow{AB}.\overrightarrow{AC}=\dfrac{AB^2+AC^2-BC^2}{2}=\dfrac{5^2+8^2-7^2}{2}=20\)
b, \(2\overrightarrow{CA}.\overrightarrow{CB}=CA^2+CB^2-BC^2=CA^2\)
\(\Rightarrow\overrightarrow{CA}.\overrightarrow{CB}=\dfrac{CA^2}{2}=\dfrac{8^2}{2}=32\)
Lời giải:
a)
\(\overrightarrow{AC}-\overrightarrow{AB}=\overrightarrow{BC}\)
\(\Rightarrow (\overrightarrow{AC}-\overrightarrow{AB})^2=\overrightarrow{BC}^2\Leftrightarrow AB^2+AC^2-2\overrightarrow{AC}.\overrightarrow{AB}=BC^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow 2\overrightarrow{AB}.\overrightarrow{AC}=AB^2+AC^2-BC^2\) (đpcm)
Ta có:
\(\overrightarrow{AB}.\overrightarrow{AC}=\frac{AB^2+AC^2-BC^2}{2}=\frac{5^2+8^2-7^2}{2}=20\)
\(\cos \angle A=\frac{\overrightarrow{AB}.\overrightarrow{AC}}{|\overrightarrow{AB}|.|\overrightarrow{AC}|}=\frac{20}{5.8}=\frac{1}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow \angle A=60^0\)
b)
Tương tự phần a, \(\overrightarrow{CA}.\overrightarrow{CB}=\frac{CA^2+CB^2-AB^2}{2}=\frac{8^2+7^2-5^2}{2}=44\)
1.
\(\overrightarrow{AB}.\overrightarrow{BC}=\overrightarrow{AB}.\left(\overrightarrow{BA}+\overrightarrow{AC}\right)=\overrightarrow{AB}.\left(-\overrightarrow{AB}\right)+\overrightarrow{AB}.\overrightarrow{AC}=-AB^2=-25\)
2.
\(\overrightarrow{AB}.\overrightarrow{BD}=\overrightarrow{AB}\left(\overrightarrow{BA}+\overrightarrow{AD}\right)=-\overrightarrow{AB}.\overrightarrow{AB}+\overrightarrow{AB}.\overrightarrow{AD}=-AB^2+0=-64\)
vecto x=vecto AB+vecto AC-vecto BC
=vecto AB+vecto AC+vecto CB
=vecto AB+vecto AB
=2*vecto AB
=>|vecto x|=2*3a=6a
a) \(\overrightarrow{AB}.\overrightarrow{AC}=0\) do \(AB\perp AC\).
b)
\(BC=\sqrt{AB^2+AC^2}=\sqrt{a^2+a^2}=\sqrt{2}a\).
\(\overrightarrow{BA}.\overrightarrow{BC}=BA.BC.cos\left(\overrightarrow{BA},\overrightarrow{BC}\right)=a.\sqrt{2}a.cos45^o=a^2\).
c) \(\overrightarrow{AB}.\overrightarrow{BC}=-\overrightarrow{BA}.\overrightarrow{BC}=-a^2\).