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Ta có: \(S=\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{3^2}+\frac{1}{4^2}+...+\frac{1}{9^2}< \frac{1}{1.2}+\frac{1}{2.3}+\frac{1}{3.4}+...+\frac{1}{8.9}.\)
Mà\(\frac{1}{1.2}+\frac{1}{2.3}+\frac{1}{3.4}+...+\frac{1}{8.9}\)
\(=1-\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{4}+...+\frac{1}{8}-\frac{1}{9}\)
\(=1-\frac{1}{9}=\frac{8}{9}\)
\(\Rightarrow S< \frac{8}{9}\)
Và \(S=\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{3^2}+\frac{1}{4^2}+...+\frac{1}{9^2}>\frac{1}{2.3}+\frac{1}{3.4}+\frac{1}{4.5}+....+\frac{1}{9.10}\)
Mà \(\frac{1}{2.3}+\frac{1}{3.4}+\frac{1}{4.5}+...+\frac{1}{9.10}\)
\(=\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{4}-\frac{1}{5}+...+\frac{1}{9}-\frac{1}{10}\)
\(=\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{10}=\frac{2}{5}\)
\(\Rightarrow S>\frac{2}{5}\)
Vậy: \(\frac{2}{5}< S< \frac{8}{9}\)
Cho \(S=\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{3^2}+...+\frac{1}{50^2}\)
50 mũ 2 nhé
Chứng minh rằng S<\(\frac{3}{4}\)
\(S=\frac{1}{4}+\left(\frac{1}{3^2}+\frac{1}{4^2}+..+\frac{1}{50^2}\right)\)
Xét \(A=\frac{1}{3^2}+\frac{1}{4^2}+...+\frac{1}{50^2}\)
\(A< \frac{1}{2.3}+\frac{1}{3.4}+...+\frac{1}{49.50}\)
\(A< \frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{4}+...+\frac{1}{49}-\frac{1}{50}\)
\(A< \frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{50}< \frac{1}{2}\)
\(=>A< \frac{1}{2}\)
=>\(S=\frac{1}{4}+A< \frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{2}=\frac{3}{4}\)
vậy S<3/4
Xét \(4S=1+\dfrac{2}{4}+\dfrac{3}{4^2}+\dfrac{4}{4^3}+...+\dfrac{2014}{4^{2013}}\)
=> \(3S=4S-S=\left(1+\dfrac{2}{4}+\dfrac{3}{4^2}+...+\dfrac{2014}{4^{2013}}\right)-\left(\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{2}{4^2}+...+\dfrac{2014}{4^{2014}}\right)\)
=> \(3S=1+\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{1}{4^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{4^{2013}}-\dfrac{2014}{4^{2014}}< 1+\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{1}{4^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{4^{2013}}\)
Đặt \(A=1+\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{1}{4^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{4^{2013}}\)
=> \(4A=4+1+\dfrac{1}{4}+...+\dfrac{1}{4^{2012}}\)
=> \(3A=4A-A=\left(4+1+\dfrac{1}{4}+...+\dfrac{1}{4^{2012}}\right)-\left(1+\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{1}{4^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{4^{2013}}\right)\)
=> \(3A=4-\dfrac{1}{4^{2013}}< 4\)
=> \(A< \dfrac{4}{3}\)
=> \(3S< \dfrac{4}{3}\)
=> \(S< \dfrac{4}{9}< \dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(4S=1+\frac{2}{4}+\frac{3}{4^2}+....+\frac{2014}{4^{2013}}\)
\(4S-S=3S=1+\frac{2}{4}+\frac{3}{4^2}+....+\frac{2014}{4^{2013}}-\left(\frac{1}{4}+\frac{2}{4^2}+\frac{3}{4^3}+....+\frac{2014}{4^{2014}}\right)\)
\(3S=1+\left(\frac{2}{4}-\frac{1}{4}\right)+\left(\frac{3}{4^2}-\frac{2}{4^2}\right)+......+\left(\frac{2014}{4^{2013}}-\frac{2013}{4^{2013}}\right)-\frac{2014}{4^{2014}}\)
\(3S=1+\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{4^2}+\frac{1}{4^3}+.....+\frac{1}{4^{2013}}-\frac{2014}{4^{2014}}\)
đặt \(A=1+\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{4^2}+\frac{1}{4^3}+....+\frac{1}{4^{2023}}\)
\(4A-A=4+1+\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{4^2}+.....+\frac{1}{4^{2022}}-\left(1+\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{4^2}+....+\frac{1}{4^{2023}}\right)\)
\(3A=4-\frac{1}{4^{2023}}\)
\(A=\frac{4}{3}-\frac{1}{3.4^{2023}}\)
\(\Rightarrow3S=\frac{4}{3}-\frac{1}{3.4^{2023}}-\frac{2014}{4^{2024}}\)
\(\Rightarrow S=\frac{4}{9}-\frac{1}{9.4^{2023}}-\frac{2014}{3.4^{2024}}\)
do \(\frac{4}{9}< \frac{4}{8}=\frac{1}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow S=\frac{4}{9}-\frac{1}{9.4^{2023}}-\frac{2014}{3.4^{2024}}< \frac{4}{8}=\frac{1}{2}\left(đpcm\right)\)
\(S=\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{2^3}+...+\frac{1}{2^{20}}\)
\(\Rightarrow2S=1+\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{2^3}+...+\frac{1}{2^{19}}\)
\(\Rightarrow2S-S=\left(1+\frac{1}{2^2}+...+\frac{1}{2^{19}}\right)-\left(\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2^2}+...+\frac{1}{2^{20}}\right)\)
\(S=1-\frac{2}{2^{20}}\)
\(\Rightarrow S< 1\left(đpcm\right)\)
Ta có :\(S=\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{2^3}+...+\frac{1}{2^{20}}\)
\(S=\frac{1\cdot2^{19}}{2\cdot2^{19}}+\frac{1\cdot2^{18}}{2^2\cdot2^{18}}+\frac{1\cdot2^{17}}{2^3\cdot2^{17}}+...+\frac{1\cdot2}{2^{19}\cdot2}+\frac{1}{2^{20}}\)
\(S=\frac{2^{19}}{2^{20}}+\frac{2^{18}}{2^{20}}+\frac{2^{17}}{2^{20}}+...+\frac{2}{2^{20}}+\frac{1}{2^{20}}\)
\(S=\frac{2^{19}+2^{18}+2^{17}+...+2^1+1}{2^{20}}\)
\(S=\frac{2^0+2^1+2^2+...+2^{19}}{2^{20}}\)
Xét: Gọi \(N=2^0+2^1+2^2+...+2^{19}\)
\(2\cdot N=2^1\cdot2^2\cdot2^3\cdot...\cdot2^{20}\)
\(2\cdot N-N=\left(2^1+2^2+2^3+...+2^{20}\right)-\left(2^0+2^1+2^2+...+2^{19}\right)\)
\(N=2^{20}-2^0\)
Thay N vào S, ta có :
\(S=\frac{2^{20}-2^0}{2^{20}}\)
\(S=\frac{2^{20}}{2^{20}}-\frac{1}{2^{20}}\)
\(S=1-\frac{1}{2^{20}}\)
Vì \(1-\frac{1}{2^{20}}< 1\Rightarrow S< 1\left(Đpcm\right).\)
Vậy : \(S< 1.\)
\(S=\frac{1}{1^2}+\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{3^2}+...+\frac{1}{50^2}< 1+\frac{1}{1.2}+\frac{1}{2.3}+...+\frac{1}{49.50}\)
\(=1+1-\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}+...+\frac{1}{49}-\frac{1}{50}\)
\(=1+1-\frac{1}{50}\)
\(=2-\frac{1}{50}< 2\)
\(S=\frac{1}{1^2}+\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{3^2}+...+\frac{1}{50^2}\)
\(=1+\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{3^2}+...+\frac{1}{50^2}\)
\(\Rightarrow S< 1+\left(\frac{1}{1\cdot2}+\frac{1}{2\cdot3}+\frac{1}{3\cdot4}+...\frac{1}{49\cdot50}\right)\)
\(S< 1+\left(1-\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{4}+...+\frac{1}{49}-\frac{1}{50}\right)\)
\(S< 1+\left(1-\frac{1}{50}\right)\)
Mà \(1-\frac{1}{50}< 1\Rightarrow1+\left(1-\frac{1}{50}\right)< 2\)( ĐPCM )
sửa đề : S < 1
\(s< \frac{1}{1\cdot2}+\frac{1}{2\cdot3}+..................+\frac{1}{9.10}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow S< 1-\frac{1}{10}\)
vậy S < 1