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\(A=\dfrac{1}{2^2}+\dfrac{1}{3^2}+\dfrac{1}{4^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{98^2}+\dfrac{1}{99^2}+\dfrac{1}{100^2}< \dfrac{1}{1.2}+\dfrac{1}{2.3}+\dfrac{1}{3.4}+...+\dfrac{1}{97.98}+\dfrac{1}{98.99}+\dfrac{1}{99.100}\)Mà \(\dfrac{1}{1.2}+\dfrac{1}{2.3}+...+\dfrac{1}{98.99}+\dfrac{1}{99.100}< 1-\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{3}+...+\dfrac{1}{98}-\dfrac{1}{99}+\dfrac{1}{99}-\dfrac{1}{100}=1-\dfrac{1}{100}=\dfrac{99}{100}< 1\)\(\Rightarrow A< 1\)
\(A=\dfrac{101\cdot\dfrac{102}{2}}{\left(101-100\right)+99-98+...+3-2+1}\)
\(=\dfrac{101\cdot51}{1+1+...+1}=\dfrac{101\cdot51}{51}=101\)
\(B=\dfrac{37\cdot43\left(101-101\right)}{2+4+...+100}=0\)
a, \(A=\dfrac{101+100+99+98+...+3+2+1}{101-100+99-98+...+3-2+1}\)
Ta có: \(T=101+100+99+98+...+3+2+1\) \(=\dfrac{\left(101+1\right).101}{2}\)
\(=\dfrac{102.101}{2}\Leftrightarrow51.101\)
\(M=101-100+99-98+...+3-2+1\)
Ta có: \(101:2=50\) (dư \(1\))
\(\Rightarrow M=\left(101-100\right)+\left(99-98\right)+...+\left(3-2\right)+1\)
Có \(50\) dấu ngoặc tròn "\(\left(\right)\)"
\(\Rightarrow M=1+1+...+1+1=51.1=51\)
\(M\) có \(51\) số \(1\)
\(\Rightarrow A=\dfrac{T}{M}=\dfrac{51.101}{51}=101\)
Vậy \(A=101\)
b, \(B=\dfrac{3737.43-4343.37}{2+4+6+...100}\)
Ta có: \(T=3737.43-4343.37\)
\(T=37.101.43-43.101.37\)
\(T=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\) \(B=\dfrac{T}{2+4+6+...+100}=\dfrac{0}{2+4+6+...+100}\) \(=0\)
Vậy \(B=0\)
Đặt : \(B=\dfrac{99}{1}+\dfrac{98}{2}+\dfrac{97}{3}+...+\dfrac{1}{99}\)
\(B=\left(\dfrac{99}{1}+1\right)+\left(\dfrac{98}{2}+1\right)+...+\left(\dfrac{1}{99}+1\right)-99\)
\(B=\dfrac{100}{1}+\dfrac{100}{2}+\dfrac{100}{3}+...+\dfrac{100}{99}-99\)
\(B=\dfrac{100}{2}+\dfrac{100}{3}+...+\dfrac{100}{99}+\left(100-99\right)\)
\(B=\dfrac{100}{2}+\dfrac{100}{3}+...+\dfrac{100}{99}+\dfrac{100}{100}\)
\(B=100\left(\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{3}+...+\dfrac{1}{100}\right)\)
Ta có : \(A=\dfrac{\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{3}+...+\dfrac{1}{100}}{100\left(\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{3}+...+\dfrac{1}{100}\right)}=\dfrac{1}{100}\)
2)
\(D=\dfrac{4}{3}+\dfrac{10}{9}+\dfrac{28}{27}+...+\dfrac{3^{98}+1}{3^{98}}\\ D=\dfrac{3+1}{3}+\dfrac{3^2+1}{3^2}+\dfrac{3^3+1}{3^3}+...+\dfrac{3^{98}+1}{3^{98}}\\ D=\dfrac{3}{3}+\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{3^2}{3^2}+\dfrac{1}{3^2}+\dfrac{3^3}{3^3}+\dfrac{1}{3^3}+...+\dfrac{3^{98}}{3^{98}}+\dfrac{1}{3^{98}}\\ D=1+\dfrac{1}{3}+1+\dfrac{1}{3^2}+1+\dfrac{1}{3^3}+...+1+\dfrac{1}{3^{98}}\\ D=\left(1+1+1+...+1\right)+\left(\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{3^2}+\dfrac{1}{3^3}+...+\dfrac{1}{3^{98}}\right)\\ D=98+\left(\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{3^2}+\dfrac{1}{3^3}+...+\dfrac{1}{3^{98}}\right)\)
Gọi \(\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{3^2}+\dfrac{1}{3^3}+...+\dfrac{1}{3^{98}}\) là \(C\)
\(C=\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{3^2}+\dfrac{1}{3^3}+...+\dfrac{1}{3^{98}}\\ 3C=1+\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{3^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{3^{98}}\\ 3C-C=\left(1+\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{3^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{3^{97}}\right)-\left(\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{3^2}+\dfrac{1}{3^3}+...+\dfrac{1}{3^{98}}\right)\\ 2C=1-\dfrac{1}{3^{98}}\\ C=\left(1-\dfrac{1}{3^{98}}\right):2\\ C=1:2-\dfrac{1}{3^{98}}:2\\ C=\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{3^{98}\cdot2}\)
\(D=98+C=98+\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{3^{98}\cdot2}=98\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{3^{98}\cdot2}< 100\)
Vậy \(D< 100\)
-Quy luật: Nhân mỗi vế của đẳng thức cho số thích hợp để tạo ra đẳng thức mới, khi cộng (hoặc trừ) mỗi vế của mỗi đẳng thức thì sẽ rút gọn bớt.
a) \(A=2-2^2+2^3-2^4+...+2^{99}-2^{100}\)
\(\Rightarrow2A=2^2-2^3+2^4-2^5+...+2^{100}-2^{101}\)
\(\Rightarrow2A+A=2^2-2^3+2^4-2^5+...+2^{100}-2^{101}+\left(2-2^2+2^3-2^4+...+2^{99}-2^{100}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow A=-2^{101}+2\)
b,c) làm tương tự.
d) \(D=1+\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{3^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{3^{100}}\)
\(\Rightarrow3D=3+1+\dfrac{1}{3}+...+\dfrac{1}{3^{99}}\)
\(\Rightarrow3D-D=3+1+\dfrac{1}{3}+...+\dfrac{1}{3^{99}}-\left(1+\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{3^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{3^{100}}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow2D=3+\dfrac{1}{3^{100}}\)
\(\Rightarrow2D=\dfrac{3^{101}+1}{3^{100}}\Rightarrow D=\dfrac{3^{101}+1}{2.3^{100}}\)
e) làm tương tự nhưng đổi thành cộng.