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Ta có: \(\dfrac{5}{7} = \dfrac{{5.4}}{{7.4}} = \dfrac{{20}}{{28}}\) và \(\dfrac{{ - 3}}{4} = \dfrac{{ - 3.7}}{{4.7}} = \dfrac{{ - 21}}{{28}}\)
Như vậy, \(\dfrac{{20}}{{28}} + \dfrac{{ - 21}}{{28}} = \dfrac{{20 + \left( { - 21} \right)}}{{28}} = \dfrac{-1}{{28}}\)
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Ta có: \(9 = 3^2; 15=3.5\)
Thừa số nguyên tố chung là 3, thừa số nguyên tố riêng là 5. Số mũ lớn nhất của 3 là 2, của 5 là 1
\(\Rightarrow BCNN(9, 15)=3^2.5 = 45\) nên ta chọn mẫu số chung là 45.
\(\dfrac{7}{9} = \dfrac{{7.5}}{{9.5}} = \dfrac{{35}}{{45}}\)
\(\dfrac{4}{{15}} = \dfrac{{4.3}}{{15.3}} = \dfrac{{12}}{{45}}\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
a) \(\frac{4}{9}\)và \(\frac{7}{15}\)
Ta có: \(9 = 3^2 ; 15 = 3.5\) nên \(BCNN (9,15) = 3^2. 5 = 45\). Do đó ta có thể chọn mẫu chung là 45.
\(\frac{4}{9}=\frac{4.5}{9.5}=\frac{20}{45}\)
\(\frac{7}{15}=\frac{7.3}{15.3}=\frac{21}{45}\)
b) \(\frac{5}{12}; \frac{7}{15}\) và \(\frac{4}{27}\)
Ta có: \(12=2^2.3\); \(15 = 3.5\) ; \(27=3^3\) nên BCNN(12, 15, 27) =\(2^2.3^3.5=540\). Do đó ta có thể chọn mẫu chung là 540.
\(\frac{5}{12}=\frac{5.45}{12.45}=\frac{225}{540}\)
\(\frac{7}{15}=\frac{7.36}{15.36}=\frac{252}{540}\)
\(\frac{4}{27}=\frac{4.20}{27.20}=\frac{80}{540}\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
MSC : 360
`5/8 = (5xx45)/(8xx45)=225/360`
`7/20=(7xx18)/(20xx18)=126/360`
`-4/9=(-4xx40)/(9xx40)=-160/360`
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
a) Ta có: \(12 = 2^2 . 3; 15 = 3.5\)
\(BCNN(12, 15) = 2^2.3.5 = 60\) nên chọn mẫu chung là 60.
\(\begin{array}{l}\frac{9}{{12}} = \frac{{9.5}}{{12.5}} = \frac{{45}}{{60}}\\\frac{7}{{15}} = \frac{{7.4}}{{15.4}} = \frac{{28}}{{60}}\end{array}\)
b) Ta có: \(10 = 2.5; 4 = 2^2; 14=2.7\)
\(BCNN(10, 4, 14) =2^2.5.7= 140\) nên chọn mẫu chung là 140.
\(\begin{array}{l}\frac{7}{{10}} = \frac{{7.14}}{{10.14}} = \frac{{98}}{{140}}\\\frac{3}{4} = \frac{{3.35}}{{4.35}} = \frac{{105}}{{140}}\\\frac{9}{{14}} = \frac{{9.10}}{{14.10}} = \frac{{90}}{{140}}\end{array}\)
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a: 3/4=54/72
-1/9=-8/72
-5/8=-45/72
b: -1/7=-8/56
1/8=7/56
3/4=42/56
c: 1/3=10/30
-1/5=-6/30
-1/10=-3/30
a)\(\dfrac{3}{4}=\dfrac{3.18}{4.18}=\dfrac{54}{72}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{-9}=\dfrac{-1}{9}=\dfrac{-1.8}{9.8}=\dfrac{-8}{72}\)
\(\dfrac{-5}{8}=\dfrac{-5.9}{8.9}=\dfrac{-45}{72}\)
b)\(\dfrac{1}{-7}=\dfrac{-1}{7}=\dfrac{-1.8}{7.8}=\dfrac{-8}{56}\)
\(\dfrac{-1}{-8}=\dfrac{1}{8}=\dfrac{1.7}{8.7}=\dfrac{7}{56}\)
\(\dfrac{3}{4}=\dfrac{3.14}{4.14}=\dfrac{42}{56}\)
c)\(\dfrac{1}{3}=\dfrac{1.10}{3.10}=\dfrac{10}{30}\)
\(\dfrac{-1}{5}=\dfrac{-1.6}{5.6}=\dfrac{-6}{30}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{-10}=\dfrac{-1}{10}=\dfrac{-1.3}{10.3}=\dfrac{-3}{30}\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Ta có:
\(\frac{{ - 4}}{{ - 15}} = \frac{4}{{15}} = \frac{{4.3}}{{15.3}} = \frac{{12}}{{45}}\)
\(\frac{{ - 2}}{{ - 9}} = \frac{2}{9} = \frac{{2.5}}{{9.5}} = \frac{{10}}{{45}}\).
Do \(\frac{{12}}{{45}} > \frac{{10}}{{45}}\) nên \(\frac{{ - 4}}{{ - 15}} > \frac{{ - 2}}{{ - 9}}\)
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1: Rút gọn
a) \(-\dfrac{33}{51}=\dfrac{-33:3}{51:3}=\dfrac{-11}{17}\)
b) \(\dfrac{156}{-168}=\dfrac{-156}{168}=\dfrac{-156:12}{168:12}=\dfrac{-13}{14}\)
c) \(\dfrac{-75}{-100}=\dfrac{75}{100}=\dfrac{75:25}{100:25}=\dfrac{3}{4}\)
2: Quy đồng mẫu:
a) \(-\dfrac{3}{8}\) và \(\dfrac{5}{4}\)
MSC: 8
\(-\dfrac{3}{8}=\dfrac{-3}{8}\)
\(\dfrac{5}{4}=\dfrac{5\cdot2}{4\cdot2}=\dfrac{10}{8}\)
b) \(\dfrac{-7}{6}\) ; \(\dfrac{5}{12}\) và \(-\dfrac{5}{6}\)
MSC: 12
\(-\dfrac{7}{6}=\dfrac{-7\cdot2}{6\cdot2}=\dfrac{-14}{12}\)
\(\dfrac{5}{12}=\dfrac{5}{12}\)
\(\dfrac{-5}{6}=\dfrac{-5\cdot2}{6\cdot2}=\dfrac{-10}{12}\)
Mẫu số chung: `180`
`3/9=1/3 =(3xx20)/(9xx20)=60/180`
`4/5=(4xx36)/(5xx36)=144/180`
`7/4=(7xx45)/(4xx45)=315/180`