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giúp em với,chiều phải nộp rùi
a, \(2KClO_3\underrightarrow{t^o}2KCl+3O_2\)
b, \(n_{KCl}=\dfrac{0,745}{74,5}=0,01\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{3}{2}n_{KCl}=0,015\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{O_2}=0,015.24,79=0,37185\left(l\right)\)
\(m_{O_2}=0,015.32=0,48\left(g\right)\)
c, \(n_{KClO_3\left(pư\right)}=n_{KCl}=0,01\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{KClO_3\left(pư\right)}=0,01.122,5=1,225\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow H=\dfrac{1,225}{2,5}.100\%=49\%\)
2KClO3-to>2KCl+3O2
\(\dfrac{1}{3}\)------------------------0,5 mol
4P+5O2-to>2P2O5
0,4--0,5-------0,2 mol
n P2O5=\(\dfrac{28,4}{142}\)=0,2 mol
=>m KClO3=\(\dfrac{1}{3}\).122,5=40,83g
=> số nt P là :0,4.6.1023=2,4.1023
\(a,2KClO_3\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)2KCl+3O_2\\ 4P+5O_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)2P_2O_5\\ b,n_{P_2O_5}=\dfrac{28,4}{142}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ n_{O_2}=\dfrac{5}{2}.0,2=0,5\left(mol\right)\\ n_{KClO_3}=\dfrac{2}{3}.0,5=\dfrac{1}{3}\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{KClO_3}=\dfrac{122,5}{3}=\dfrac{245}{6}\left(g\right)\\ c,n_P=\dfrac{4}{2}.n_{P_2O_5}=2.0,2=0,4\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_P=31.0,4=12,4\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{KClO_3}=\left(100\%-25\%\right).32,67=24,5025\left(g\right)\)
=> \(n_{KClO_3}=\dfrac{24,5025}{122,5}=0,20\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: \(2KClO_3\xrightarrow[MnO_2]{t^o}2KCl+3O_2\)
Theo PT ta có: \(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{0,20.3}{2}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(V_{O_2}=0,3.22,4=6,72\left(l\right)\)
mKClO3 = 32,67.(100% - 25%) = 24,5025 (g)
nKClO3 = \(\dfrac{24,5025}{122,5}\) \(\approx\) 0,2 (mol)
2KClO3 \(\xrightarrow[MnO_2]{t^o}\)2KCl +3O2
Theo PT: nO2 = \(\dfrac{3}{2}\)nKClO3 = \(\dfrac{3}{2}.0,2\) = 0,3 (mol)
=> VO2 = 0,3.22,4 = 6,81 (l)
Vậy thể tích oxi thoát ra là 6,81 lít
câu 5
nKMnO4=\(\dfrac{31,6.98\%}{158}\)=0,196(mol)
2KMnO4−to→K2MnO4+MnO2+O2
nO2(lt)=\(\dfrac{1}{2}\)nKMnO4=0,098(mol)
Vìhaohụt5%
⇒VO2(tt)=0,098.95%.22,4=2,08544(l)
\(n_{KClO_3}=\dfrac{245}{122,5}=2mol\)
\(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{53,76}{22,4}=2,4mol\)
\(2KClO_3\underrightarrow{t^o}2KCl+3O_2\)
2 0 2,4
1,6 1,6 2,4
0,4 1,6 2,4
Thực tế có \(m_{KClO_3}=1,6\cdot122,5=196g\) \(KClO_3\)phản ứng
Hiệu suất phản ứng:
\(H=\dfrac{196}{245}\cdot100\%=80\%\)
\(n_{KClO_3}=\dfrac{m}{M}=\dfrac{49}{39+35,5+16\cdot3}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
\(PTHH:2KClO_3-^{t^o}>2KCl+3O_2\)
tỉ lệ 2 : 2 : 3
n(mol) 0,4----------->0,4--->0,6
\(V_{O_2\left(dktc\right)}=n\cdot22,4=0,6\cdot22,4=13,44\left(l\right)\)
\(n_{KClO3}=\dfrac{5,25}{122,5}=\dfrac{3}{70}\left(mol\right)\)
a) PTHH : \(2KClO_3\xrightarrow[]{t^o}2KCl+3O_2\)
\(\dfrac{3}{70}\) \(\dfrac{3}{70}\) \(\dfrac{9}{140}\)
b) \(V_{O2\left(dktc\right)}=\dfrac{9}{140}.22,4=1,44\left(l\right)\)
c) \(m_{KCl\left(lt\right)}=\dfrac{3}{70}.74,5=\dfrac{447}{140}\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow H\%=\dfrac{m_{tt}}{m_{lt}}.100\%=\dfrac{2,235}{\dfrac{447}{140}}.100\%=70\%\)
\(n_{KClO_3}=\dfrac{7}{122,5}=\dfrac{2}{35}\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH :
\(2KClO_3\underrightarrow{t^o}2KCl+3O_2\)
2/35 2/35 3/35
\(V_{O_2}=\dfrac{3}{35}.24,79\approx2,1249\left(l\right)\)
\(m_{KCl}=\dfrac{2}{35}.74,5\approx4,257\left(g\right)\)
\(H=\dfrac{2,98}{4,257}.100\%=70\%\)
