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a, \(4Al+3O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2Al_2O_3\)
b, Ta có: \(n_{Al}=\dfrac{10,8}{27}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{8,96}{22,4}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,4}{4}< \dfrac{0,4}{3}\), ta được O2 dư.
Theo PT: \(n_{O_2\left(pư\right)}=\dfrac{3}{4}n_{Al}=0,3\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_{O_2\left(dư\right)}=0,4-0,3=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{O_2\left(dư\right)}=0,1.22,4=2,24\left(l\right)\)
Lập phương trình hóa học:
Al+O2---->Al2O3
4Al+3O2---->2AlO3
Áp dụng đinh luật bảo toàn khối lượng ta có:
mAl + mO2=mAl2O3
=>mO2=mAl2O3 - mAl
=>mO2=20,4 - 10,8=9,6(g)
Số mol của 9,6g khí oxi là:
ADCT: n=m\M=>nO2=9,6\32=>nO2=0,3(mol)
n=V\22,4=>VO2=nO2 . 22,4=0,3 . 22,4=6,72(l)
a, \(4P+5O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2P_2O_5\)
b, \(n_P=\dfrac{1,55}{31}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{1,12}{22,4}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,05}{4}>\dfrac{0,05}{5}\), ta được P dư.
c, Theo PT: \(n_{P\left(pư\right)}=\dfrac{4}{5}n_{O_2}=0,04\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_{P\left(dư\right)}=0,05-0,04=0,01\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{P\left(dư\right)}=0,01.31=0,31\left(g\right)\)
2KClO3--->2KCl+3O2
b) n KClO3=12,25/122,5=0,1(mol)
n O2=3/2n KClO3=0,15(mol)
a=V O2=0,15.22,4=3,36(l)
c) 3Fe+2O2--->Fe3O4
n Fe=5,6/56=0,1(mol)
Do 0,1/3< 0,15/2
-->O2 dư
n O2=2/3n Fe=0,0667(mol)
n O2 dư=0,15-0,0667=0,0883(mol)
m O2 dư=0,0883.32=2,6656(g)
\(n_{N_2}=\dfrac{3,36}{22,4}=0,15mol\)
\(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2mol\)
\(N_2+O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2NO\)
0,15 0,2 0
0,15 0,15 0,3
0 0,05 0,3
Sau phản ứng oxi còn dư và dư \(m=0,05\cdot32=1,6g\)
\(m_{NO}=0,3\cdot30=9g\)
\(a) 4P+ 5O_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} 2P_2O_5\\ b) n_{O_2} = \dfrac{1,12}{22,4} = 0,05(mol)\\ n_{P_2O_5} = \dfrac{2}{5}n_{O_2} = 0,02(mol)\\ m_{P_2O_5} = 0,02.142 = 2,84(gam) c) 2KClO_3 \xrightarrow{t^o} 2KCl + 3O_2\\ n_{KClO_3} = \dfrac{2}{3}n_{O_2} = \dfrac{0,1}{3}(mol)\\ m_{KClO_3} = \dfrac{0,1}{3}122,5 = 4,083(gam)\)
a, \(4Al+3O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2Al_2O_3\)
b, \(n_{Al}=\dfrac{5,4}{27}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{3}{4}n_{Al}=0,15\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow V_{O_2}=0,15.22,4=3,36\left(l\right)\)
c, \(2KMnO_4\underrightarrow{t^o}K_2MnO_4+MnO_2+O_2\)
Theo PT: \(n_{KMnO_4}=2n_{O_2}=0,3\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{KMnO_4}=0,3.158=47,4\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{m}{M}=\dfrac{5,4}{27}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ PTHH:4Al+3O_2-^{t^o}>2Al_2O_3\)
tỉ lệ 4 : 3 ; 2
n(mol) 0,2----->0,15---->0,1
\(V_{O_2\left(dktc\right)}=n\cdot22,4=0,15\cdot22,4=3,36\left(l\right)\\ PTHH:2KMnO_4-^{t^o}>K_2MnO_4+MnO_2+O_2\)
tỉ lệ 2 : 1 ; 1 ; 1
n(mol) 0,3<------------------------------------------0,15
\(m_{KMnO_4}=n\cdot M=0,3\cdot\left(39+55+16\cdot4\right)=47,4\left(g\right)\)
\(a) 4Al + 3O_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} 2Al_2O_3\\ n_{Al} = \dfrac{5,4}{27} = 0,2(mol)\\ n_{Al_2O_3} = \dfrac{1}{2}n_{Al} = 0,1(mol) \Rightarrow m_{Al_2O_3} = 0,1.102 = 10,2(gam)\\ b) n_{O_2} = \dfrac{3}{4}n_{Al} = 0,15(mol)\\ 2KMnO_4 \xrightarrow{t^o} K_2MnO_4 + MnO_2 + O_2\\ n_{KMnO_4} = 2n_{O_2} = 0,3(mol) \Rightarrow m_{KMnO_4} = 0,3.158 = 47,4(gam)\)
a, PT: \(4Al+3O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2Al_2O_3\)
Ta có: \(n_{Al}=\dfrac{5,4}{27}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{Al_2O_3}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{Al}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Al_2O_3}=0,1.102=10,2\left(g\right)\)
b, Theo PT: \(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{3}{4}n_{Al}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
PT: \(2KMnO_4\underrightarrow{t^o}K_2MnO_4+MnO_2+O_2\)
Theo PT: \(n_{KMnO_4}=2n_{O_2}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{KMnO_4}=0,2.158=47,4\left(g\right)\)
Bạn tham khảo nhé!
a.4Al + 3O2 -> 2Al2O3
0.8 0.6 0.4
\(nO2=\dfrac{19.2}{32}=0.6mol\)
b.mAl = \(0.8\times27=21.6g\)
c.mAl2O3 = \(0.4\times102=40.8g\)
\(2KClO3-->2KCl+3O2\)
b) \(n_{KClO3}=\frac{12,25}{125,5}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{O2}=\frac{3}{2}n_{KClO3}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
\(a=V_{O2}=0,15.22,4=3,36\left(l\right)\)
c) \(3Fe+2O2-->Fe3O4\)
\(n_{Fe}=\frac{5,6}{56}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
Lập tỉ lệ
\(n_{Fe}\left(\frac{0,1}{3}\right)< n_{O2}\left(\frac{0,15}{2}\right)\)
--> O2 dư
\(n_{O2}=\frac{2}{3}n_{Fe}=\frac{1}{15}\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{O2}dư=0,15-\frac{1}{15}=\frac{1}{12}\left(mol\right)\)
m\(_{O2}dư=\frac{1}{12}.32=\frac{8}{3}\left(g\right)\)