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nKClO3= 24.5/122.5 = 0.2 mol
nP= 4.96/31 = 0.16 mol
nC = 3/12 = 0.25 mol
PTHH
2KClO3 =t0 2KCl + 3O2 (1)
5O2 + 2P = 2P2O5 (2)
O2 + C = CO2 (3)
a, Bảo toàn khối lượng ta có
mO2 = mKClO3 - mchất rắn = 24.5 - 17.3 = 7.2 (g)
nO2= 7.2/32 = 0.225 mol
nKClO3 = 2/3*nO2 = 2/3*0.225 = 0.15 mol
mKClO3 pứ = 0.15 * 122.5 =18.375 g
%KClO3 = 18.375/24.5*100 = 75%
PTHH: \(2KClO_3\underrightarrow{t^o}2KCl+3O_2\uparrow\) (1)
\(4P+5O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2P_2O_5\) (2)
\(C+O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}CO_2\) (3)
a) Ta có: \(n_{KClO_3}=\dfrac{24,5}{122,5}=0,2\left(mol\right)=n_{KCl}\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{KCl\left(lýthuyết\right)}=0,2\cdot74,5=14,9\left(g\right)\) \(\Rightarrow H\%=\dfrac{17,3}{14,9}\cdot100\%\approx116,11\%\)
b) Theo PTHH: \(\Sigma n_{O_2}=0,3mol\)
+) Xét bình có photpho
Vì oxi chắc chắn dư nên tính theo photpho
Ta có: \(n_P=\dfrac{4,96}{31}=0,16\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{P_2O_5}=0,08\left(mol\right)\\n_{O_2\left(dư\right)}=0,1\left(mol\right)=n_{O_2\left(3\right)}\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{P_2O_5}=0,08\cdot142=11,36\left(g\right)\\m_{O_2\left(dư\right)}=0,1\cdot32=3,2\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
+) Xét bình 2
Ta có: \(n_C=\dfrac{0,3}{12}=0,025\left(mol\right)\)
Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,1}{1}>\dfrac{0,025}{1}\) \(\Rightarrow\) Oxi còn dư, Cacbon p/ứ hết
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{CO_2}=0,025\left(mol\right)\\n_{O_2\left(dư\right)}=0,075\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{CO_2}=0,025\cdot44=1,1\left(g\right)\\m_{O_2}=0,075\cdot32=2,4\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Link tham khảo : https://hoc24.vn/hoi-dap/tim-kiem?q=Nung+24.5+gam+KClO3+m%E1%BB%99t+th%E1%BB%9Di+gian+thu+%C4%91%C6%B0%E1%BB%A3c+17.3+gam+ch%E1%BA%A5t+r%E1%BA%AFn+A+v%C3%A0+kh%C3%AD+B.D%E1%BA%ABn+to%C3%A0n+b%E1%BB%99+kh%C3%AD+B+v%C3%A0o+b%C3%ACnh+1+%C4%91%E1%BB%B1ng+4.96+gam+ph%E1%BB%91tpho+nung+n%C3%B3ng+ph%E1%BA%A3n+%E1%BB%A9ng+xong+d%E1%BA%ABn+kh%C3%AD+B+v%C3%A0+b%C3%ACnh+2+%C4%91%E1%BB%B1ng+3+gam+c%C3%A1cbon+%C4%91%E1%BB%83+%C4%91%E1%BB%91t.++a)t%C3%ADnh+%kh%E1%BB%91i+l%C6%B0%E1%BB%A3ng+KClO3+%C4%91%C3%A3+d%C3%B9ng+++b)T%C3%ADnh+s%E1%BB%91+ph%C3%A2n+t%E1%BB%AD+,+kh%E1%BB%91i+l%C6%B0%E1%BB%A3ng+c%C3%A1c+ch%E1%BA%A5t+trong+m%E1%BB%97i+b%C3%ACnh+sau+ph%E1%BA%A3ng+%E1%BB%A9ng.&id=172571
chúc bạn học tốt !
a.KClO3to⟶KCl+1,5O2
BTKL⟶mKClO3=mO2+mA
=>24,5=mO2+17,3
→O2→KClO3→H=75%
b.
4P + 5O2 → 2P2O5
0,16→ 0,2
Dư: 0,025
Sau pứ m(bình 1) = mP2O5 = 11,36 (g)
O2 + 2C → 2CO
0,025→ 0,05 0,05
Dư: 0,25
Sau pứ m(bình 2) = mCdư = 3 (g)
Ta có ptpu phân hủy: 2 KClO3 -------> 2KCl + 3O2
CaCO3 -------> CaO + CO2
a) nP=7.44/31=0.24 mol
Pt: 4P+ 5O2 ------> 2P2O5
0.24 0.3
=> 2 KClO3 -------> 2KCl + 3O2
0.2 0.2 0.3
CaCO3 -------> CaO + CO2
0.1 0.1
mKClO3= n*M=>0.2*122.5=24.5 g
=> mCaCO3= 34.5 -24.5=10 g
b) chất rắn còn lại là KCl và CaO
mKCl= 0.2*74.5=14.9 g
mCaO= 0.1*56=5.6g
OMG, bài này ko khó đâu, toàn tính theo pthh ko à!!!
Chúc em học tốt!!!( nhớ hậu tạ nha hi hi ......)
\(a,n_{H_2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ PTHH:2K+2H_2O\rightarrow2KOH+H_2\uparrow\\ Theo.pt:n_K=2n_{H_2}=2.0,1=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ m_K=0,2.39=7,8\left(g\right)\\ m_{K_2O}=17,2-7,8=9,4\left(g\right)\\ b,n_{CuO\left(bđ\right)}=\dfrac{12}{80}=0,15\left(mol\right)\\ PTHH:CuO+H_2\underrightarrow{t^o}Cu+H_2O\\ LTL:0,15>0,1\Rightarrow Cu.dư\)
Gọi nCuO (pư) = a (mol)
=> nCu = a (mol)
mchất rắn sau pư = 80(0,15 - a) + 64a = 10,8
=> a = 0,075 (mol)
=> nH2 (pư) = 0,075 (mol)
\(H=\dfrac{0,075}{0,1}=75\%\)
1) \(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{3,36}{22,4}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
mA = mKMnO4(bđ) - mO2 = 79 - 0,15.32 = 74,2 (g)
PTHH: 2KMnO4 --to--> K2MnO4 + MnO2 + O2
0,3<-----------0,15<----0,15<---0,15
=> \(H=\dfrac{0,3.158}{79}.100\%=60\%\)
2)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{K_2MnO_4}=\dfrac{0,15.197}{74,2}.100\%=39,825\%\\\%m_{MnO_2}=\dfrac{0,15.87}{74,2}.100\%=17,588\%\\\%m_{KMnO_4\left(không.pư\right)}=\dfrac{79-0,3.158}{74,2}.100\%=42,587\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
3) \(n_{KMnO_4\left(không.pư\right)}=\dfrac{79}{158}-0,3=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: 2KMnO4 + 16HCl --> 2KCl + 2MnCl2 + 5Cl2 + 8H2O
0,2----------------------------------->0,5
K2MnO4 + 8HCl --> 2KCl + MnCl2 + 2Cl2 + 4H2O
0,15-------------------------------->0,3
MnO2 + 4Hcl --> MnCl2 + Cl2 + 2H2O
0,15------------------->0,15
=> \(V_{Cl_2}=22,4\left(0,5+0,3+0,15\right)=21,28\left(l\right)\)
\(n_{KMnO_4}=\dfrac{79}{158}=0,5mol\)
\(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{3,36}{22,4}=0,15mol\)
\(2KMnO_4\underrightarrow{t^o}K_2MnO_4+MnO_2+O_2\)
0,5 0,15
a)\(m_{KMnO_4}=0,15\cdot197=29,55g\)
\(m_{MnO_2}=0,15\cdot87=13,05g\)
\(m_{CRắn}=m_{KMnO_4}+m_{MnO_2}=29,55+13,05=42,6g\)
\(n_{KMnO_4pư}=0,15\cdot2=0,3mol\)
\(H=\dfrac{0,3}{0,5}\cdot100\%=60\%\)
b)\(m_{O_2}=0,15\cdot32=4,8g\)
\(\%m_{K_2MnO_4}=\dfrac{29,55}{42,6}\cdot100\%=69,37\%\)
\(\%m_{MnO_2}=100\%-69,37\%=30,63\%\)
