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\(a.Fe_2O_3+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2O\\ CuO+H_2SO_4\rightarrow CuSO_4+H_2O\\ b.n_{H_2SO_4}=0,22.1,25=0,275mol\\ n_{Fe_2O_3}=a;n_{CuO}=b\\ \Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3a+b=0,275\\160a+80b=16\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Rightarrow a=0,075;b=0,05\\ \%m_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{0,075.160}{16}\cdot100=75\%\\ \%m_{CuO}=100-75=25\%\)
a, Gọi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Fe_2O_3}=a\left(mol\right)\\n_{ZnO}=b\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\left(đk:a,b>0\right)\)
\(n_{HCl}=1,5.0,2=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH:
Fe2O3 + 6HCl ---> FeCl3 + 3H2O
a-------->6a
ZnO + 2HCl ---> ZnCl2 + H2
b----->2b
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}160a+81b=8,83\\6a+2b=0,3\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,04\left(mol\right)\\b=0,03\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\left(TM\right)\)
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Fe_2O_3}=0,04.160=6,4\left(g\right)\\m_{ZnO}=0,03.81=2,43\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
b, PTHH:
Fe2O3 + 3H2SO4 ---> Fe2(SO4)3 + 3H2O
0,04------>0,12
ZnO + H2SO4 ---> ZnSO4 + H2O
0,03->0,03
=> \(m_{H_2SO_4}=\left(0,12+0,03\right).98=14,7\left(g\right)\)
=> \(m_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{14,7.100}{30\%}=49\left(g\right)\)
gọi \(x,y\) lần lượt là số \(mol\) của\(CuO\) và \(ZnO\)
số \(mol\) \(HCl\)
\(N=Cm.V=3.0,1=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
lập \(PTHH\) :
\(CuO+2HCl\rightarrow CuCl2+H2O\)
\(x\Rightarrow2x\)
\(ZnO+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl2+H2O\)
\(y\Rightarrow2y\)
theo \(PTP\) , ta có :
\(2x+2y=0,3\) \(\left(1\right)\)
theo đề ra :
\(mCuO+mZnO=80x+81y=12,1\left(g\right)\) \(\left(2\right)\)
từ \(\left(1\right);\left(2\right)\Rightarrow80x+81y=12,1\left(g\right)\Rightarrow x=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
\(2x+2y=0,3\Rightarrow y=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(a,\) \(\%CuO=\dfrac{0,05.80.100}{12,1}=33,06\%\)
\(\%ZnO=\dfrac{0,1.80.100}{12,1}=66,94\%\)
\(b,\) \(CuO+H2SO4\rightarrow CuOSO4+H2O\)
\(0,05\rightarrow0,05\)
\(ZnO+H2SO4\rightarrow ZnSO4+H2O\)
\(0,1\rightarrow0,1\)
\(nH2SO4=0,05+0,1=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
\(mH2SO4=0,15.98=14,7\left(g\right)\)
\(mddH2SO4=14,7:20=73,5\left(g\right)\)
Đặt \(n_{Fe}=x(mol);n_{Al}=y(mol)\Rightarrow 56x+27y=11(1)\)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{8,96}{22,4}=0,4(mol)\\ PTHH:Fe+H_2SO_4\to FeSO_4+H_2\\ 2Al+3H_2SO_4\to Al_2(SO_4)_3+3H_2\\ \Rightarrow x+1,5y=0,4(2)\\ (1)(2)\Rightarrow x=0,1(mol);y=0,2(mol)\\ \Rightarrow \%_{Fe}=\dfrac{0,1.56}{11}.100\%=50,91\%\\ \Rightarrow \%_{Al}=100\%-50,91\%=49,09\%\)
Gọi: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Al}=x\left(mol\right)\\n_{Fe}=y\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) ⇒ 27x + 56y = 5,5 (1)
PT: \(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\)
\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)
Theo PT: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3}{2}n_{Al}+n_{Fe}=\dfrac{3}{2}x+y=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\left(2\right)\)
Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,1\left(mol\right)\\y=0,05\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Al}=\dfrac{0,1.27}{5,5}.100\%\approx49,09\%\\\%m_{Fe}\approx50,91\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
Gọi số mol H2O sinh ra là a (mol)
=> \(n_{H_2SO_4}=a\left(mol\right)\)
Theo ĐLBTKL: moxit + mH2SO4 = mmuối + mH2O
=> 16,6 + 98a = 24,6 + 18a
=> a = 0,1 (mol)
=> nO = 0,1 (mol)
=> mkim loại = 16,6 - 0,1.16 = 15 (g)
\(m_{H_2SO_4}=0,1.98=9,8\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{5.6}{22.4}=0.25\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{10.08}{22.4}=0.45\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{Fe}=a\left(mol\right),n_{Al}=b\left(mol\right)\)
\(3Fe+2O_2\underrightarrow{^{^{t^0}}}Fe_3O_4\)
\(a.......\dfrac{2a}{3}\)
\(4Al+3O_2\underrightarrow{^{^{t^0}}}2Al_2O_3\)
\(b.......\dfrac{3b}{4}\)
\(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{2a}{3}+\dfrac{3b}{4}=0.25\left(mol\right)\left(1\right)\)
\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)
\(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\)
\(n_{H_2}=a+1.5b=0.45\left(mol\right)\left(2\right)\)
\(\left(1\right),\left(2\right):a=0.15,b=0.2\)
\(m_{Fe}=0.15\cdot56=8.4\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{Al}=0.2\cdot27=5.4\left(g\right)\)
\(\%m_{Fe}=\dfrac{8.4}{8.4+5.4}\cdot100\%=60.8\%\)
\(\%m_{Al}=100-60.8=39.2\%\)
H2+CuO->Cu+H2O
0,2---0,2-----0,2
Fe2O3+3H2-to>2Fe+3H2O
0,1-------0,3-------0,2
m CuO=32.\(\dfrac{50}{100}\)=16g
=>n CuO=\(\dfrac{16}{80}\)=0,2 mol
=>m Fe2O3=16g=>n Fe2O3=0,1 mol
=>m =mFe+m Cu=0,2.64+0,2.56=24g
c)Fe+H2SO4->FeSO4+H2
0,2---------------------0,2
=>m FeSO4=0,2.102=20,4g
