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a) \(M=x^2-3x+10\)
\(M=x^2-2\cdot\dfrac{3}{2}\cdot x+\dfrac{9}{4}+\dfrac{31}{4}\)
\(M=\left(x^2-2\cdot\dfrac{3}{2}\cdot x+\dfrac{9}{4}\right)+\dfrac{31}{4}\)
\(M=\left(x-\dfrac{3}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{31}{4}\)
Mà: \(\left(x-\dfrac{3}{2}\right)^2\ge0\) nên: \(M=\left(x-\dfrac{3}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{31}{4}\ge\dfrac{31}{4}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra
\(\left(x-\dfrac{3}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{31}{4}=\dfrac{31}{4}\Leftrightarrow\left(x-\dfrac{3}{2}\right)^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x-\dfrac{3}{2}=0\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{3}{2}\)
Vậy: \(M_{min}=\dfrac{31}{4}\) với \(x=\dfrac{3}{2}\)
b) \(N=2x^2+5y^2+4xy+8x-4y-100\)
\(N=x^2+x^2+4y^2+y^2+4xy+8x-4y-120+16+4\)
\(N=\left(x^2+4xy+4y^2\right)+\left(x^2+8x+16\right)+\left(y^2-4y+4\right)-120\)
\(N=\left(x+2y\right)^2+\left(x+4\right)^2+\left(y-2\right)^2-120\)
Mà:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(x+2y\right)^2\ge0\\\left(x+4\right)^2\ge0\\\left(y-2\right)^2\ge0\end{matrix}\right.\) nên \(N=\left(x+2y\right)^2+\left(x+4\right)^2+\left(y-2\right)^2-120\ge120\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(x+2y\right)^2=0\\\left(x+4\right)^2=0\\\left(y-2\right)^2=0\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}-4+2y=0\\x=-4\\y=2\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=2\\x=-4\\y=2\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-4\\y=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy: \(N_{min}=120\) khi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-4\\y=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
Nếu bạn không có đáp án cho CH hoặc là không biết cách giải thì ĐỪNG bình luận những câu vô nghĩa vào CH.
A= -x2+2x+3
=>A= -(x2-2x+3)
=>A= -(x2-2.x.1+1+3-1)
=>A=-[(x-1)2+2]
=>A= -(x+1)2-2
Vì -(x+1)2 ≤0=> A≤-2
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi
-(x+1)2=0 => x=-1
Vây A lớn nhất= -2 khi x= -1
B=x2-2x+4y2-4y+8
=> B= (x2-2x+1)+(4y2-4y+1)+6
=> B=(x-1)2+(2y+1)2+6
=> B lớn nhất=6 khi x=1 và y=-1/2
a: Ta có: \(A=x^2-2xy+5y^2+4y+51\)
\(=x^2-2xy+y^2+4y^2+4y+1+50\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(2y+1\right)^2+50\ge50\forall x,y\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi \(x=y=-\dfrac{1}{2}\)
a) \(A=x^2-2xy+5y^2+4y+51=\left(x^2-2xy+y^2\right)+\left(4y^2+4y+1\right)+50=\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(2y+1\right)^2+50\ge50\)
\(minA=50\Leftrightarrow x=y=-\dfrac{1}{2}\)
c) \(C=\dfrac{9}{-2x^2+4x-7}=\dfrac{9}{-2\left(x^2-2x+1\right)-5}=\dfrac{9}{-2\left(x-1\right)^2-5}\ge\dfrac{9}{-5}=-\dfrac{9}{5}\)
\(minC=-\dfrac{9}{5}\Leftrightarrow x=1\)
d) \(10x^2+4y^2-4xy+8x-4y+20=\left[4y^2-4y\left(x+1\right)+\left(x+1\right)^2\right]+\left(9x^2+6x+1\right)+18=\left(2y-x-1\right)^2+\left(3x+1\right)^2+18\ge18\)
\(minD=18\Leftrightarrow\) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-\dfrac{1}{3}\\y=\dfrac{1}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)
e) \(E=9x^2+2y^2+6xy-6x-8y+10=\left[9x^2+6x\left(y-1\right)+\left(y-1\right)^2\right]+\left(y^2-6x+9\right)=\left(3x+y-1\right)^2+\left(y-3\right)^2\ge0\)
\(minE=0\Leftrightarrow\) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-\dfrac{2}{3}\\y=3\end{matrix}\right.\)
b: Ta có: \(B=-2x^2+4x+1\)
\(=-2\left(x^2-2x-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)\)
\(=-2\left(x^2-2x+1-\dfrac{3}{2}\right)\)
\(=-2\left(x-1\right)^2+3\le3\forall x\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi x=1
1.
\(\frac{25x^4y^3-15x^3y^5+20x^2y^4}{5x^2y^3}\)
\(=\frac{5x^2y^3\left(5x^2-3xy^2+4y\right)}{5x^2y^3}\)
\(=5x^2-3xy^2+4y\)
2.
a) \(27x^4-8x=x\left(27x^3-8\right)\)
\(=x\left(3x-2\right)\left(9x^2+6x+4\right)\)
b) \(16x^2y-4xy^2-4x^3+x^2y\)
\(=4xy\left(4x-y\right)-x^2\left(4x-y\right)\)
\(=x\left(4x-y\right)\left(4y-x\right)\)
c) \(x^2-2x-5+2\sqrt{5}\)
\(=\left(x-1\right)^2-6+2\sqrt{5}\)
\(=\left(x-1\right)^2-\left(6-2\sqrt{5}\right)=\left(x-1\right)^2-\left(\sqrt{5}-1\right)^2\)
\(=\left(x-\sqrt{5}\right)\left(x-2+\sqrt{5}\right)\)
Bài 1:
\(\left(25x^4y^3-15x^3y^5+20x^2y^4\right):\left(5x^2y^3\right)\)
\(=\frac{25x^4y^3-15x^3y^5+20x^2y^4}{5x^2y^3}\)
\(=\frac{5x^2y^3\left(5x^2-3xy^2+4y\right)}{5x^2y^3}\)
\(=5x^2-3xy^2+4y\)
Bài 2:
a) \(27x^4-8x\)
\(=x\left(3x-2\right)\left(3^2x^2+2.3x+2^2\right)\)
\(=x\left(3x-2\right)\left(9x^2+6x+4\right)\)
b) \(16x^2y-4xy^2-4x^3+x^2y\)
\(=4y^2+x^2-\left(4x^2\right)^2\)
\(=x\left(-4x^2+xy+4y^2\right)\)
Đặt: \(S=2x^2+5y^2+4xy+8x-4y-100\)
\(=\left(x^2+4xy+4y^2\right)+\left(x^2+8x+16\right)+\left(y^2-4y+4\right)-120\)
\(=\left(x+2y\right)^2+\left(x+4\right)^2+\left(y-2\right)^2-120\)
Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(x+2y\right)^2\ge0\\\left(x+4\right)^2\ge0\\\left(y-2\right)^2\ge0\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> \(\left(x+2y\right)+\left(x+4\right)^2+\left(y-2\right)^2\ge0\)
=> \(\left(x+2y\right)^2+\left(x+4\right)^2+\left(y-2\right)^2-120\ge-120\)
Dấu ''='' xảy ra khi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+2y=0\\x+4=0\\y-2=0\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-4\\y=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy MinS = -120 ⇔\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-4\\y=2\end{matrix}\right.\)