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Papermaking was invented by the Chinese in the first century A.D. The art of papermaking took 700 years to reach the Muslim world and another 700 years to get to Britain (via Spain, South France and Germany). Most paper was made from wood. When the trees are cut down, they are carried by land or water to paper mills. Here they are cut up and the wood is broken up into fibers, mixed with water and chemicals. This wood pulp is then dried up on a machine and made into paper. Papermaking is an important British industry, and paper from Britain is exported to South Africa, Australia and many other countries. Some of the wood used in British papermaking industry comes from trees grown in Britain, but wood is also imported from other countries such as Norway. One tree is needed for every 400 copies of a forty-page newspaper. If half the adults in Britain each day buy one daily paper, this uses up over 40,000 trees a day. Trees are cut down faster than they can be replaced, so there may be a shortage before the year 2030.
1. How long did it take the art of papermaking to reach Britain?
A. a century
B. 700 years
C. 1400 years
D. two centuries
2. What is the process of making paper?
A. cutting up, mixing, breaking up, drying up
B. breaking up, cutting up, mixing, drying up
C. drying up, mixing, cutting up, breaking up
D. cutting up, breaking up, mixing, drying up
3. What can be understood about British papermaking industry?
A. many countries learn from it
B. it imports material to make paper
C. it has developed poorly
D. it produces the best paper ever
4. Which of the following is NOT true?
A. Britain makes more paper than its people use
B. Making paper first came from China
C. There will be a shortage of trees in the future
D. Britain was the second to make paper
5. What is the writer’s tone in the conclusion of the passage?
A. concerning
B. satisfying
C. exciting
D. admiring
In this section you will find after the passage a number of questions about the passage. You must choose the one which you think fits best . Write your answers in the spaces below (1.0pt)
Paper is named for papyrus, a reed like plant used by ancient Egyptians as writing material more than 5000 years ago. The Chinese invented the paper that we use 2000 years ago.
A piece of paper is really made up of tiny fibers, unlike a piece of material. The fibers used in paper, however, are plant fibers, and there are millions of them in one sheet. In addition to the plant fiber, dyes and additives such as resin may be used. Dyes can make the paper different colors; resin may add weight and texture.
Where do these fibers come from ? The majority of paper is made from the plant fiber that comes from trees. Millions are cut down, but new trees are planted in their place. Paper may be also made from things like old rags or pieces of cloth. Wastepaper, paper that has been made and used, can be turned into recycled paper. This recycling process saves forest, energy and reduces air and water pollution.
1. According to the passage, the paper that we use was first invented by
A. the Chinese B. the Egyptians C. ancient cultures D. foresters
2. What is the main ingredient in most paper ?
A. resin B. cardboard C. plant fiber D. papyrus
3. According to the passage, the primary source of the plant fiber used in paper is
A. rags B. trees C. fabric D. wastepaper
4. According to the passage, recycling paper is
A. bad for the environment C. good for the environment
B. wasteful D. economical
5. According to the passage, recycling paper does all of the following EXCEPT
A. reduce the need for ink C. save energy
B. save forests D. reduce air pollution
Paper was invented by the Chinese in the first century A.D. The art of papermaking took 700 years to reach the Muslim world and another 700 years to get to Britain.
Most paper is made from wood. When the trees are cut down, they are carried by land or water to paper mills. Here they are cut up and the wood is broken up into fibers, mixed with water and chemicals. This wood pulp is then dried up on a machine and made into paper.
Papermaking is an important British industry, and paper from Britain is exported to South Africa, Australia and many other countries. Some of the wood used in British papermakingindustry comes from trees grown in Britain, but wood is also imported from other countries such as Norway. One tree is needed for every 400 copies of a forty-page newspaper. If half the adults in Britain each day buy one daily paper, this uses up over 40,000 trees a day. Trees are cut down faster than they can be replaced, so there may be a paper shortage before the year 2020.
Answer the questions:
1.Who was paper invented by?
-> …………Paper was invented by the Chinese ………………………………………………………………………………..
2.What is paper made from?
-> ……………Most paper is made from wood.……………………………………………………………………………..
3.What is the passage about?
-> …….deforestation..……………………………………
I) Read the passage again then decide whether the statements are true(T) of false(F)
Chu Van An high school is one of the oldest and most prestigious state schools in Viet Nam. Established in 1908 by the drench , the school was located beside the Wast lake , and was originally named after the location it was in . It is a very pleasant , spacious school with great views of the lake from the classroom windows.
In 1943 , the school was moves to Ninh Binh , and was not moved back to Ha Noi until 1945. In that year, the school was renamed Chu Van An , after a famous Vietnamese Confucianism teacher of the Tran Dynasty. Professor Nguyen Gia Tuong becamr the first Vietnamese principal of the school . Many famous people like ex-prime Ministeer Pham Van Dong , Docter Ton That Tung , anf poet Xuan Dieu Used to be the school;s students
Today the school is still located in the same area , and has maintained its prestige, as well as its reputation as one of the top school in Ha Noi . It is very difficult to be admitted to the school . Every year , there are around three thousand applicants but only about five hundred are admitted. Those applicants have to take an entrance examination conducted by the Department of education and training of Ha Noi
1. Chu Van An high school is one the second oldest schools in Viet Nam __T
2. It was moved to Ninh Binh in 1943__T
3. It is very difficuld to be admitted to the school __T
4. Wvery year, there are aroud three thousand applicants are admintted to the school___T
5. The applicants have to take an entrance examination__T_
At sixteen Henry Vincent was separated from his family as a result of the war. He wandered aimlessly from one country to another 1 before finally settling down in Australia, 2 where he trained AS an electronics engineer. He established HIS own business but it called for so much work that marriage was out of the 3 question.
His retirement suddenly made him realise how lonely he was and he decided to 5 take up a hobby. Whit his interest in electronics, amateur radio seemed a natural choice. He installed his own equipment and obtained a license and his call sign, which is the set of letters and numbers used to identify oneself when making radio contact 6 with other radio amateurs all around the world.
Soon Henry had a lot of contacts in far-off places. One in particular was a man in California with 7 whom he had much in common. One night the man in California made to mention the village in Europe he had come from. Suddenly, Henry realised that this man was in fact his younger brother, Peter. At first, the two brothers were at a 8 loss for words but then little by little they filled 9 in the details of their past lives and not long afterwards Henry Vincent flew to California to 10 be reunited with his brother.
Giup voi a
Read the text on the tight about the invention of semaphore. Five sentences have been removed. Choose from sentences A-F the one which fits each gap (l-4).There is one extra sentence which you do not need. There is an example at the beginning (0).
A Using ropes, these could be moved to form 49 different shapes that could be recognized easily.
B The main problem was that it could not be used during the night or on foggy days.
C These messages could be sent very quickly.
D The new republic faced enemies on all sides in the form of the forces of Britain, Austria, Holland, Prussia and Spain.
E In August 1794, it carried its first message, the news of Napoleon's victory at Le Quenoy.
F A system was built between London and the south coast, and other countries followed.
War has been called 'the mother of invention', and this was certainly true in the French Revolutionary wars in 1792. 1 | D | What the Revolutionary Government urgently needed was a reliable system of communication.
Claude Chappe, who was a priest and an engineer, had developed a telegraph system, but had not been able to test it fully. However, his brother Ignace was a member of the government, and arranged for Claude's system to be tested. It turned out to be a great success and started a new form of high-speed communication.
The two brothers had a series of towers built 5 to 10 km apart. At the top of each tower was a tall wooden mast, and they attached one horizontal and two vertical wooden beams to this mast. Claude called this system 'semaphore', which comes from the Greek meaning 'bearing a sign'. 2 (A )
Operators in each tower watched neighbouring towers through a telescope and then passed the message on to the next one in the line. The first line stretched from Paris to Lille, a distance of 2.40 km. 3 ( C). At an average speed of three signals a minute, it was carried in 20 minutes, more than 90 times faster than messengers on horseback.
Once the value of Chappe's system was understood, it soon became the standard method of communication in Europe. 4 (F ). By the time the electric telegraph was developed, France had more than 550 semaphore towers stretching 4,800km.
Unfortunately, Chappe's system had some disadvantages. 5 ( B) The towers were also expensive to maintain and the cost of staff was high. In the end, Chappe was depressed by these criticisms of his inventions and by claims from other engineers that they had invented semaphore, and he committed suicide in 1805.
Read the text on the tight about the invention of semaphore. Five sentences have been removed. Choose from sentences A-F the one which fits each gap (l-4).There is one extra sentence which you do not need. There is an example at the beginning (0).
A Using ropes, these could be moved to form 49 different shapes that could be recognized easily.
B The main problem was that it could not be used during the night or on foggy days.
C These messages could be sent very quickly.
D The new republic faced enemies on all sides in the form of the forces of Britain, Austria, Holland, Prussia and Spain.
E In August 1794, it carried its first message, the news of Napoleon's victory at Le Quenoy.
F A system was built between London and the south coast, and other countries followed.
War has been called 'the mother of invention', and this was certainly true in the French Revolutionary wars in 1792. 1 | D | What the Revolutionary Government urgently needed was a reliable system of communication.
Claude Chappe, who was a priest and an engineer, had developed a telegraph system, but had not been able to test it fully. However, his brother Ignace was a member of the government, and arranged for Claude's system to be tested. It turned out to be a great success and started a new form of high-speed communication.
The two brothers had a series of towers built 5 to 10 km apart. At the top of each tower was a tall wooden mast, and they attached one horizontal and two vertical wooden beams to this mast. Claude called this system 'semaphore', which comes from the Greek meaning 'bearing a sign'. 2 (A )
Operators in each tower watched neighbouring towers through a telescope and then passed the message on to the next one in the line. The first line stretched from Paris to Lille, a distance of 2.40 km. 3 ( C). At an average speed of three signals a minute, it was carried in 20 minutes, more than 90 times faster than messengers on horseback.
Once the value of Chappe's system was understood, it soon became the standard method of communication in Europe. 4 (F ). By the time the electric telegraph was developed, France had more than 550 semaphore towers stretching 4,800km.
Unfortunately, Chappe's system had some disadvantages. 5 (B ) The towers were also expensive to maintain and the cost of staff was high. In the end, Chappe was depressed by these criticisms of his inventions and by claims from other engineers that they had invented semaphore, and he committed suicide in 1805.
Did you know that you do not have to be a chemist to invent something? An example of chemistry invention that was made by a non-scientist is Liquid Paper. In 1952, a divorced woman named Bette Nesmith Graham needed to work to support herself and her son. Life was very difficult for a single mother. [1] She soon found a job as a typist, but she was not very good at it. [2] She made a lot of errors typing leading her to formulate a white tempura paint to hide them. [3] Using her kitchen as a laboratory, she developed a liquid that other people wanted to buy and use. She named this liquid “Mistake Out” [4]
While continuing to work as a secretary, she educated herself in business methods, promotion, and research until she was satisfied that the product she had developed was really worthwhile. Sometimes around 1952 she offered “Mistake Out” to IBM, which turned it down. From 1952 until 1979 she continued to make and sell “Mistake Out”, now renamed “Liquid Paper”, out of her home. In 1979, the Gillette Corporation bought “Liquid Paper” for $47.5 million dollars plus royalties.
Question 36: Which of the following is the best title for this passage?
A. The Life of Bette Nesmith Graham B. The Process of Manufacturing “Liquid Paper”
C. How an Ordinary Person Became an Inventor D. The Importance of Science Education
Question 37: The author probably started this passage with a question in order to____.
A. catch the reader‟s attention
B. raise an objection against a non-scientist‟s invention
C. express curiosity about the history of invention
D. none of the above
Question 38:The word „formulate’ in bold in the first paragraph is closest in meaning to____.
A. use B. think about C. make D. correct
Question 39: What did Graham do at the same time that she educated herself in business?
A. She made and sold “Liquid Paper” B. She worked as a consultant for IBM
C. She worked as a secretary D. She continued inventing new products.
Question 40: What can be inferred abut Graham?
A. She was uninterested in science B. She was very determined to succeed
C. She was not ambitious D. She was a scientific genius.
Question 41:The word ‘it’ in bold in the second paragraph refers to___.
A. IBM B. „Mistake Out‟ C. research D. none of above
Did you know that you do not have to be a chemist to invent something? An example of chemistry invention that was made by a non-scientist is Liquid Paper. In 1952, a divorced woman named Bette Nesmith Graham needed to work to support herself and her son. Life was very difficult for a single mother. [1] She soon found a job as a typist, but she was not very good at it. [2] She made a lot of errors typing leading her to formulate a white tempura paint to hide them. [3] Using her kitchen as a laboratory, she developed a liquid that other people wanted to buy and use. She named this liquid “Mistake Out” [4]
While continuing to work as a secretary, she educated herself in business methods, promotion, and research until she was satisfied that the product she had developed was really worthwhile. Sometimes around 1952 she offered “Mistake Out” to IBM, which turned it down. From 1952 until 1979 she continued to make and sell “Mistake Out”, now renamed “Liquid Paper”, out of her home. In 1979, the Gillette Corporation bought “Liquid Paper” for $47.5 million dollars plus royalties.
Question 36: Which of the following is the best title for this passage?
A. The Life of Bette Nesmith Graham B. The Process of Manufacturing “Liquid Paper”
C. How an Ordinary Person Became an Inventor D. The Importance of Science Education
Question 37: The author probably started this passage with a question in order to____.
A. catch the reader‟s attention
B. raise an objection against a non-scientist‟s invention
C. express curiosity about the history of invention
D. none of the above
Question 38:The word „formulate’ in bold in the first paragraph is closest in meaning to____.
A. use B. think about C. make D. correct
Question 39: What did Graham do at the same time that she educated herself in business?
A. She made and sold “Liquid Paper” B. She worked as a consultant for IBM
C. She worked as a secretary D. She continued inventing new products.
Question 40: What can be inferred abut Graham?
A. She was uninterested in science B. She was very determined to succeed
C. She was not ambitious D. She was a scientific genius.
Question 41:The word ‘it’ in bold in the second paragraph refers to___.
A. IBM B. „Mistake Out‟ C. research D. none of above
