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a: Ta có: \(N=\dfrac{x^2-\sqrt{x}}{x+\sqrt{x}+1}-\dfrac{2x+\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}}+\dfrac{2\left(x-1\right)}{\sqrt{x}-1}\)
\(=x-\sqrt{x}-2\sqrt{x}-1+2\sqrt{x}+2\)
\(=x-\sqrt{x}+1\)
a) \(M=3\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{12}-\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{3}-1\right)^2}\)
\(M=3\sqrt{3}-2\sqrt{3}-\left|\sqrt{3}-1\right|\)
\(M=\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{3}+1\)
\(M=1\)
b) Ta có:
\(N=\left(\dfrac{1}{a-\sqrt{a}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{a}-1}\right):\dfrac{\sqrt{a}+1}{a-2\sqrt{a}+1}\)
\(N=\left(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{a}\left(\sqrt{a}-1\right)}+\dfrac{\sqrt{a}}{\sqrt{a}\left(\sqrt{a}-1\right)}\right):\dfrac{\sqrt{a}+1}{\left(\sqrt{a}-1\right)^2}\)
\(N=\left(\dfrac{1+\sqrt{a}}{\sqrt{a}\left(\sqrt{a}-1\right)}\right)\cdot\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{a}-1\right)^2}{\sqrt{a}+1}\)
\(N=\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{a}+1\right)\cdot\left(\sqrt{a}-1\right)^2}{\sqrt{a}\left(\sqrt{a}-1\right)\cdot\left(\sqrt{a}+1\right)}\)
\(N=\dfrac{\sqrt{a}-1}{\sqrt{a}}\)
Theo đề ta có: \(M=2N\)
Khi: \(1=2\cdot\left(\dfrac{\sqrt{a}-1}{\sqrt{a}}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow1=\dfrac{2\sqrt{a}-2}{\sqrt{a}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{a}=2\sqrt{a}-2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{a}=2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{a}=2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a=4\left(tm\right)\)
ĐKXĐ: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a\ge0\\a\ne1\end{matrix}\right.\)
1) Ta có: \(N=\left(1+\dfrac{a+\sqrt{a}}{\sqrt{a}+1}\right)\cdot\left(1-\dfrac{a-\sqrt{a}}{\sqrt{a}-1}\right)\)
\(=\left(1+\dfrac{\sqrt{a}\left(\sqrt{a}+1\right)}{\sqrt{a}+1}\right)\cdot\left(1-\dfrac{\sqrt{a}\left(\sqrt{a}-1\right)}{\sqrt{a}-1}\right)\)
\(=\left(1+\sqrt{a}\right)\left(1-\sqrt{a}\right)\)
\(=1-a\)
2) Để N=-2016 thì 1-a=-2016
\(\Leftrightarrow1-a+2016=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2017-a=0\)
hay a=2017(thỏa ĐK)
Vậy: Để N=-2016 thì a=2017
\(P=\dfrac{\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(x+\sqrt{x}+1\right)}{x+\sqrt{x}+1}-\dfrac{\sqrt{x}\left(2\sqrt{x}+1\right)}{\sqrt{x}}+\dfrac{2\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)}{\sqrt{x}-1}\)
\(=\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)-\left(2\sqrt{x}+1\right)+2\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)\)
\(=x-\sqrt{x}+1\)
\(=\left(\sqrt{x}-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^3+\dfrac{3}{4}\ge\dfrac{3}{4}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=3\\b=4\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow a+b=7\)
