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a) Giả sử \(x^2-xy+y^2\ge\frac{1}{3}\left(x^2+xy+y^2\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3\left(x^2-xy+y^2\right)\ge\frac{1}{3}.3\left(x^2+xy+y^2\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3\left(x^2-xy+y^2\right)\ge x^2+xy+y^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3x^2-3xy+3y^2-x^2-xy-y^2\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x^2-4xy+2y^2\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(x^2-2xy+y^2\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(x-y\right)^2\ge0\)(luôn đúng với mọi \(x,y\in R\)).
Dấu bằng xảy ra\(\Leftrightarrow x=y\).
Vậy \(x^2-xy+y^2\ge\frac{1}{3}\left(x^2+xy+y^2\right)\)với \(x,y\in R\).
Đặt \(A=\frac{x\sqrt{x}}{x+\sqrt{xy}+y}+\frac{y\sqrt{y}}{y+\sqrt{yz}+z}+\frac{z\sqrt{z}}{z+\sqrt{zx}+x}\left(x,y,z>0\right)\)
Và đặt \(B=\frac{y\sqrt{y}}{x+\sqrt{xy}+y}+\frac{z\sqrt{z}}{y+\sqrt{yz}+z}+\frac{x\sqrt{x}}{z+\sqrt{zx}+x}\left(x,y,z>0\right)\)
Đặt \(\sqrt{x}=m,\sqrt{y}=n,\sqrt{z}=p\left(m,n,p>0\right)\)thì theo đề bài : \(m+n+p=2\)
Lúc đó:
\(A=\frac{m^2.m}{m^2+mn+n^2}+\frac{n^2.n}{n^2+np+p^2}+\frac{p^2.p}{p^2+pm+m^2}\)
\(A=\frac{m^3}{m^2+mn+n^2}+\frac{n^3}{n^2+np+p^2}+\frac{p^3}{p^2+pm+m^2}\)
Và \(B=\frac{n^3}{m^2+mn+n^2}+\frac{p^3}{n^2+np+p^2}+\frac{m^3}{p^2+pm+m^2}\)
Xét hiệu \(A-B=\frac{m^3-n^3}{m^2+mn+n^2}+\frac{n^3-p^3}{n^2+np+p^2}+\frac{p^3-m^3}{p^2+pm+m^2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A-B=\frac{\left(m-n\right)\left(m^2+mn+n^2\right)}{m^2+mn+n^2}+\frac{\left(n-p\right)\left(n^2+np+p^2\right)}{n^2+np+p^2}\)\(+\frac{\left(p-m\right)\left(p^2+pm+m^2\right)}{p^2+pm+m^2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A-B=\left(m-n\right)+\left(n-p\right)+\left(p-m\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A-B=m-n+n-p+p-m=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A=B\)
Xét \(A+B=\frac{m^3+n^3}{m^2+mn+n^2}+\frac{n^3+p^3}{n^2+np+p^2}+\frac{p^3+m^3}{p^2+pm+m^2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A+A=2A=\frac{\left(m+n\right)\left(m^2-mn+n^2\right)}{m^2+m+n^2}+\frac{\left(n+p\right)\left(n^2-np+p^2\right)}{n^2+np+p^2}\)\(\frac{\left(p+m\right)\left(p^2-pm+m^2\right)}{p^2+pm+m^2}\)
Theo câu a), ta có \(x^2-xy+y^2\ge\frac{1}{3}\left(x^2+xy+y^2\right)\)với \(x,y\in R\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{x^2-xy+y^2}{x^2+xy+y^2}\ge\frac{1}{3}\left(1\right)\)
Dấu bằng xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow x=y\)
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức (1) (với \(m,n>0\)), ta được:
\(\frac{m^2-mn+n^2}{m^2+mn+n^2}\ge\frac{1}{3}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{\left(m+n\right)\left(m^2-mn+n^2\right)}{m^2+mn+n^2}\ge\frac{m+n}{3}\left(2\right)\)
Dấu bằng xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow m=n>0\)
Chứng minh tương tự, ta được:
\(\frac{\left(n+p\right)\left(n^2-np+p^2\right)}{n^2+np+p^2}\ge\frac{n+p}{3}\left(3\right)\)
Dấu bằng xảy ra\(\Leftrightarrow n=p>0\)
\(\frac{\left(p+m\right)\left(p^2-pm+m^2\right)}{p^2+pm+m^2}\ge\frac{p+m}{2}\left(4\right)\)
Dấu bằng xảy ra\(\Leftrightarrow p=m>0\)
Từ \(\left(2\right),\left(3\right),\left(4\right)\), ta được:
\(\frac{\left(m+n\right)\left(m^2-mn+n^2\right)}{m^2+mn+n^2}+\frac{\left(n+p\right)\left(n^2-np+p^2\right)}{n^2+np+p^2}\)\(+\frac{\left(p+m\right)\left(p^2-pm+m^2\right)}{p^2-pm+m^2}\ge\frac{m+n}{3}+\frac{n+p}{3}+\frac{p+m}{3}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2A\ge\frac{m+n+n+p+p+m}{3}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2A\ge\frac{2\left(m+n+p\right)}{3}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A\ge\frac{m+n+p}{3}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A\ge\frac{2}{3}\)(vì \(m+n+p=2\)) (điều phải chứng minh).
Dấu bằng xảy ra.
\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}m=n=p>0\\m+n+p=2\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow m=n=p=\frac{2}{3}\)\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x}=\sqrt{y}=\sqrt{z}=\frac{2}{3}\Leftrightarrow x=y=z=\frac{4}{9}\)
Vậy nếu \(x,y,z>0\) và \(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}+\sqrt{z}=2\)thì: \(\frac{x\sqrt{x}}{x+\sqrt{xy}+y}+\frac{y\sqrt{y}}{y+\sqrt{yz}+z}+\frac{z\sqrt{z}}{z+\sqrt{zx}+x}\ge\frac{2}{3}\).
Có:
\(x\sqrt{x}+y\sqrt{y}-x\sqrt{y}-y\sqrt{x}\ge0\)
\(x\left(\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{y}\right)-y\left(\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{y}\right)\ge0\)
\(\left(x-y\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{y}\right)\ge0\)
\(\left(\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{y}\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{y}\right)\ge0\)
\(\left(\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{y}\right)^2\left(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}\right)\ge0\) (luôn đúng)
Dấu = xảy ra khi x=y
Cách khác:
\(\frac{\left(x+y\right)^2}{2}+\frac{\left(x+y\right)}{4}\ge2xy+\frac{x+y}{4}\)
\(=\frac{4xy+x+4xy+y}{4}=\frac{x\left(4y+1\right)+y\left(4x+1\right)}{4}\)
\(\ge\frac{4x\sqrt{y}+4y\sqrt{x}}{4}=x\sqrt{y}+y\sqrt{x}\)
Dấu = xảy ra khi \(x=y=\frac{1}{4}\)
\(\frac{1}{2}\left(x+y\right)\left(x+y+\frac{1}{2}\right)=\frac{1}{2}\left(x+y\right)\left(x+\frac{1}{4}+y+\frac{1}{4}\right)\)
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức cauchy:
\(x+y\ge2\sqrt{xy}\)
\(x+\frac{1}{4}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{x}{4}}=\sqrt{x}\)
\(y+\frac{1}{4}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{y}{4}}=\sqrt{y}\)
do đó \(VT\ge\frac{1}{2}.2.\sqrt{xy}\left(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}\right)=x\sqrt{y}+y\sqrt{x}\)(đpcm)
Dấu = xảy ra khi \(x=y=\frac{1}{4}\)
Làm biếng nghĩ quá. Chơi cách này cho mau vậy.
\(\frac{x}{\sqrt{1-x^2}}+\frac{y}{\sqrt{1-y^2}}\ge\frac{2}{\sqrt{3}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{x}{\sqrt{3\left(1-x\right)\left(1+x\right)}}+\frac{y}{\sqrt{3\left(1-y\right)\left(1+y\right)}}\ge\frac{2}{3}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{x}{2-x}+\frac{y}{2-y}\ge\frac{2}{3}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1-y}{1+y}+\frac{y}{2-y}\ge\frac{2}{3}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4y^2-4y+1\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2y-1\right)^2\ge0\left(đung\right)\)
\(A=\dfrac{x-2\sqrt{xy}+y+4\sqrt{xy}}{\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}}-\dfrac{\sqrt{xy}\left(\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{y}\right)}{\sqrt{xy}}\\ A=\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}\right)^2}{\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}}-\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}\\ A=\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}-\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}=2\sqrt{y}\)
Đề sai
\(A=\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{y}\right)^2+4\sqrt{xy}}{\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}}+\dfrac{x\sqrt{y}-y\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{xy}}\)
\(=\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}+\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{y}\)
\(=2\sqrt{x}\)
Ta có:
\(VT=\frac{x}{y}+1+\frac{y}{x}+1-2\ge2\sqrt{\frac{x}{y}}+2\sqrt{\frac{y}{x}}-2\ge\sqrt{\frac{x}{y}}+\sqrt{\frac{y}{x}}+2\sqrt{\sqrt{\frac{x}{y}}.\sqrt{\frac{y}{x}}}-2=VP\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(x=y\)
ta có: \(x\sqrt{x}+y\sqrt{y}\ge x\sqrt{y}+y\sqrt{x}\) (1)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}\right)\left(x-\sqrt{xy}+y\right)\ge\sqrt{xy}\left(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}\right)\left(x-\sqrt{xy}+y-\sqrt{xy}\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{y}\right)^2\ge0\) luôn đúng
=> (1) luôn đúng => đpcm
ko bít ????????????????????????????______________________________________????????????????????????????????????????