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1: \(A=2+2^2+2^3+2^4+...+2^{97}+2^{98}+2^{99}+2^{100}\)
\(=2\left(1+2+2^2+2^3\right)+...+2^{97}\left(1+2+2^2+2^3\right)\)
\(=15\left(2+2^5+...+2^{97}\right)\)
\(=30\left(1+2^4+...+2^{96}\right)⋮30\)
2:
\(B=3+3^2+3^3+...+3^{2022}\)
\(=\left(3+3^2\right)+\left(3^3+3^4\right)+...+\left(3^{2021}+3^{2022}\right)\)
\(=\left(3+3^2\right)+3^2\left(3+3^2\right)+...+3^{2020}\left(3+3^2\right)\)
\(=12\left(1+3^2+...+3^{2020}\right)⋮12\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
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\(M=2+2^2+...+2^{60}\)
\(=2\left(1+2\right)+...+2^{59}\left(1+2\right)\)
\(=3\cdot\left(2+...+2^{59}\right)⋮3\)
\(M=2+2^2+...+2^{60}\)
\(=2\left(1+2+2^2\right)+...+2^{58}\left(1+2+2^2\right)\)
\(=7\cdot\left(2+...+2^{58}\right)⋮7\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
a) A chia hết cho 2 vì tất cả các số hạng của tổng đều chia hết cho 2.
b) Ta tách ghép các số hạng của A thành các nhóm sao cho mỗi nhóm xuất hiện thừa số chia hết cho 3. Khi đó:
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A = 8⁸ + 2²⁰
= (2³)⁸ + 2²⁰
= 2²⁴ + 2²⁰
= 2²⁰.(2⁴ + 1)
= 2²⁰.17 ⋮ 17
Vậy A ⋮ 17
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(B=2+2^2+2^3+...+2^{60}\)
\(=2\left(1+2+2^2\right)+...+2^{58}\left(1+2+2^2\right)\)
\(=7\cdot\left(2+...+2^{58}\right)⋮7\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Bài 1
a, cm : A = 165 + 215 ⋮ 3
A = 165 + 215
A = (24)5 + 215
A = 220 + 215
A = 215.(25 + 1)
A = 215. 33 ⋮ 3 (đpcm)
b,cm : B = 88 + 220 ⋮ 17
B = (23)8 + 220
B = 216 + 220
B = 216.(1 + 24)
B = 216. 17 ⋮ 17 (đpcm)
c, cm: C = 1 - 2 + 22 - 23 + 24 - 25 + 26 -...-22021 + 22022 : 6 dư 1
C=1+(-2+22-23+24- 25+26)+...+(-22017+22018-22019+22020-22021+22022)
C = 1 + 42 +...+ 22016.(-2 + 22 - 23 + 24 - 25 + 26)
C = 1 + 42+...+ 22016.42
C = 1 + 42.(20+...+22016)
42 ⋮ 6 ⇒ C = 1 + 42.(20+...+22016) : 6 dư 1 đpcm
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
B = 2 + 22 + 23 + ... + 22016 (gồm 2016 số hạng)
B = (2 + 22 + 23 + 24) + ... + (22013 + 22014 + 22015 + 22016) (gồm 504 cặp số hạng)
B = 2(1 + 2 + 22 + 23) + ... + 22013(1 + 2 + 22 + 23)
B = 2.15 + ... + 22013.15
B = (2 + ... + 22013) .15 \(⋮\)15
B = 2 + 22 + 23 + ... + 22016
= (2 + 22 + 23 + 24) + (25 + 26 + 27 + 28)... + (22013 + 22014 + 22015 + 22016)
= 2(1 + 2 + 4 + 8) + 25(1 + 2 + 4 + 8)... + 22013(1 + 2 + 4 + 8)
= 2.15 + 25.15 + ... + 22013.15
= 15(2 + 25 + ... + 22013) \(⋮\)15
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
b: \(B=16^5+2^{15}\)
\(=\left(2^4\right)^5+2^{15}\)
\(=2^{20}+2^{15}\)
\(=2^{15}\left(2^5+1\right)=2^{15}\cdot33⋮33\)
c: \(45⋮9;99⋮9;180⋮9\)
Do đó: \(45+99+180⋮9\)
=>\(C⋮9\)
d: \(D=2+2^2+2^3+...+2^{60}\)
\(=\left(2+2^2+2^3\right)+\left(2^4+2^5+2^6\right)+...+\left(2^{58}+2^{59}+2^{60}\right)\)
\(=2\left(1+2+2^2\right)+2^4\cdot\left(1+2+2^2\right)+...+2^{58}\left(1+2+2^2\right)\)
\(=7\left(2+2^4+...+2^{58}\right)⋮7\)
\(D=2+2^2+2^3+...+2^{60}\)
\(=\left(2+2^2+2^3+2^4\right)+\left(2^5+2^6+2^7+2^8\right)+...+\left(2^{57}+2^{58}+2^{59}+2^{60}\right)\)
\(=2\left(1+2+2^2+2^3\right)+2^5\left(1+2+2^2+2^3\right)+...+2^{57}\left(1+2+2^2+2^3\right)\)
\(=15\left(2+2^5+...+2^{57}\right)\)
=>D chia hết cho cả 3 và 5
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a) \(A=2+2^2+2^3+...+2^{20}\)
\(A=\left(2+2^2\right)+\left(2^3+2^4\right)+...+\left(2^{19}+2^{20}\right)\)
\(A=2\cdot\left(1+3\right)+2^3\cdot\left(1+3\right)+...+2^{59}\cdot\left(1+3\right)\)
\(A=3\cdot\left(2+2^3+...+2^{59}\right)\)
Vậy A chia hết cho 3
________
\(A=2+2^2+2^3+...+2^{20}\)
\(A=\left(2+2^3\right)+\left(2^2+2^4\right)+...+\left(2^{58}+2^{60}\right)\)
\(A=2\cdot\left(1+4\right)+2^2\cdot\left(1+4\right)+...+2^{58}\cdot\left(1+4\right)\)
\(A=5\cdot\left(2+2^2+...+2^{58}\right)\)
Vậy A chia hết cho 5
B = 2 + 22 + 23 + ... + 22016
B = (2 + 22 + 23 + 24 ) + ( 25 + 26 + 27 + 28) + ... + (22013 + 22014 + 22015 + 22016)
B = 2. ( 1 + 2+ 4 + 8) + 25 . ( 1 + 2 + 4 + 8 ) + ... + 22013 . ( 1 + 2 + 4 + 8)
B = 2 . 15 + 25. 15 + ... + 22013 . 15
B = ( 2 + 25 + ... + 22013) . 15
vì 15 chia hết cho 15
=> B chia hết cho 15 (ĐPCM)
B = 2 + 22 + 23 + ... + 22016
B =