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a) Áp dụng BĐT Cosi với ab>0, ta có:
\(\dfrac{a}{b}+\dfrac{b}{a}\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{a}{b}\cdot\dfrac{b}{a}}=2\)(đpcm)
b) Ta có: \(2\left(a^2+b^2\right)\ge\left(a+b\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2a^2+2b^2-a^2-2ab-b^2\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2-2ab+b^2\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2\ge0\)(luôn đúng)
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a)Xét \(\left(\dfrac{a+b}{2}\right)^2-\dfrac{a^2+b^2}{2}=\)\(\dfrac{a^2+2ab+b^2-2\left(a^2+b^2\right)}{4}\)\(=\dfrac{-a^2+2ab-b^2}{4}\)\(=\dfrac{-\left(a-b\right)^2}{4}\le0\forall a;b\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(\dfrac{a+b}{2}\right)^2\le\dfrac{a^2+b^2}{2}\) (bạn ghi sai đề?)
Dấu = xảy ra <=> a=b
b) \(\left(a^{10}+b^{10}\right)\left(a^2+b^2\right)-\left(a^8+b^8\right)\left(a^4+b^4\right)\)
\(=a^{12}+a^{10}b^2+a^2b^{10}+b^{12}-\left(a^{12}+a^8b^4+a^4b^8+b^{12}\right)\)
\(=a^2b^2\left(a^8+b^8-a^6b^2-a^2b^6\right)\)
\(=a^2b^2\left(a^2-b^2\right)\left(a^6-b^6\right)=a^2b^2\left(a^2-b^2\right)^2\left(a^4+a^2b^2+b^4\right)\ge0\) với mọi a,b
=> \(\left(a^{10}+b^{10}\right)\left(a^2+b^2\right)\ge\left(a^8+b^8\right)\left(a^4+b^4\right)\)
Dấu = xảy ra <=>a=b
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a) \(\dfrac{a^2+a+1}{a^2-a+1}=\dfrac{\left(a+\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{3}{4}}{\left(a-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{3}{4}}\)
Thấy tử và mẫu của phân số đều lớn hơn 0 => \(\dfrac{a^2+a+1}{a^2-a+1}>0\)
b)\(a^2+b^2+c^2+3\ge2\left(a+b+c\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a^2-2a+1\right)+\left(b^2-2a+1\right)+\left(c^2-2a+1\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-1\right)^2+\left(b-1\right)^2+\left(c-1\right)^2\ge0\) (luôn đúng với mọi a,b,c)
Dấu = xra khi a=b=c=1
b)
\(a^2-2a+1+b^2-2b+1+c^2-2c+1\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-1\right)^2+\left(b-1\right)^2+\left(c-1\right)^2\ge0\) ( Luôn đúng)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi a=b=c=1
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(a-b)^2=(a-b)(a-b)=a^2-ab-ab+b^2=a^2-2ba+b^2
(a-b)(a+b)=a^2+ab-ab-b^2=a^2-b^2
(a+3)^3=(a+b)^2*(a+b)
=(a^2+2ab+b^2)(a+b)
=a^3+a^2b+2a^2b+2ab^2+b^2a+b^3
=a^3+3a^2b+3ab^2+b^3
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a)Có \(a^2+1\ge2a\) với mọi a; \(b^2+1\ge2b\) với mọi b
Cộng vế với vế \(\Rightarrow a^2+b^2+2\ge2\left(a+b\right)\)
Dấu = xảy ra <=> a=b=1
b) Áp dụng BĐT bunhiacopxki có:
\(\left(x+y\right)^2\le\left(1+1\right)\left(x^2+y^2\right)\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y\right)^2\le2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-\sqrt{2}\le x+y\le\sqrt{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x+y\right)_{max}=\sqrt{2}\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y=\sqrt{2}\\x=y\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow x=y=\dfrac{\sqrt{2}}{2}\)
\(\left(x+y\right)_{min}=-\sqrt{2}\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y=-\sqrt{2}\\x=y\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow x=y=-\dfrac{\sqrt{2}}{2}\)
c) \(S=\dfrac{1}{ab}+\dfrac{1}{a^2+b^2}=\dfrac{1}{a^2+b^2}+\dfrac{1}{2ab}+\dfrac{1}{2ab}\)
Với x,y>0, ta có: \(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}\ge\dfrac{4}{x+y}\) (1)
Thật vậy (1) \(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{y+x}{xy}\ge\dfrac{4}{x+y}\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y\right)^2\ge4xy\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-y\right)^2\ge0\) (lđ)
Áp dụng (1) vào S ta được:
\(S\ge\dfrac{4}{a^2+b^2+2ab}+\dfrac{1}{2ab}\)
Lại có: \(ab\le\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{4}\) \(\Leftrightarrow2ab\le\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{2}\Leftrightarrow2ab\le\dfrac{1}{2}\)\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{2ab}\ge2\)
\(\Rightarrow S\ge\dfrac{4}{\left(a+b\right)^2}+2=6\)
\(\Rightarrow S_{min}=6\Leftrightarrow a=b=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
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a) \(\left(a+b+c\right)^2+a^2+b^2+c^2\)
\(=a^2+b^2+c^2+2ab+2bc+2ca+a^2+b^2+c^2\)
\(=a^2+2ab+b^2+b^2+2bc+c^2+c^2+2ca+a^2\)
\(=\left(a+b\right)^2+\left(b+c\right)^2+\left(c+a\right)^2\)
b) \(\left(a+b+c\right)^3-a^3-b^3-c^3\)
\(=\left(b+c\right)\left[\left(a+b+c\right)^2+\left(a+b+c\right)a+a^2\right]-\left(b+c\right)\left(b^2+bc+c^2\right)\)
\(=\left(b+c\right)\left(3a^2+3ab+3bc+3ac\right)\)
\(=3\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)\)
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1) biến đổi vế trái:
= a2+2ab+b2 -a2 +2ab -b2
=4ab = vế phải ( đpcm)
3;5 tuong tu
1) (a + b)2 - (a - b)2 = a2 + 2ab + b2 - a2 + 2ab - b2 = 4ab
3) (a + b)2 - 4ab = a2 + 2ab + b2 - 4ab = a2 - 2ab + b2 = (a - b)2
5) a3 + b3 = a3 + 3a2b + 3ab2 + b3 - 3a2b - 3ab2 = (a + b)3 - 3ab(a + b)
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\(a,VT=\left(a^2+b^2\right)\left(c^2+d^2\right)=a^2c^2+b^2c^2+a^2d^2+b^2d^2\)
\(VP=\left(ac+bd\right)^2+\left(ad-bc\right)^2=a^2c^2+2abcd+b^2d^2+a^2d^2-2abcd+b^2c^2=a^2c^2+b^2c^2+a^2d^2+b^2d^2\)
\(\Rightarrow VT=a^2c^2+b^2c^2+a^2d^2+b^2d^2=VP\left(đpcm\right)\)
b, Tham khảo:Chứng minh hằng đẳng thức:(a+b+c)3= a3 + b3 + c3 + 3(a+b)(b+c)(c+a) - Hoc24
a) (a+b)2 + (a-b)2 = 2(a2 +b2)
VT = (a2 + 2ab + b2) + (a2 - 2ab + b2) = a2 +2ab + b2 + a2 - 2ab + b2 = 2a2 + 2b2 = 2(a2 + b2) = VP (đpcm)
b) (a+b)2 = (a-b)2 + 4ab
VP = (a-b)2 + 4ab = a2 - 2ab + b2 + 4ab = a2 + 2ab +b2 = (a+b)2 = VT (đpcm)