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Ta có : \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}\) suy ra \(\dfrac{a}{c}=\dfrac{b}{d}\)
Theo tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau ta có
\(\dfrac{a}{c}=\dfrac{b}{d}=\dfrac{a+b}{c+d}=\dfrac{a-b}{c-d}\)
Suy ra: \(\dfrac{a+b}{a-c}=\dfrac{c+d}{c-d}\)
Đặt \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}=k\)
\(\Rightarrow a=bk\) và \(c=dk\)
Nên \(\dfrac{a+b}{c-d}=\dfrac{bk+b}{dk-d}=\dfrac{b\left(k+1\right)}{d\left(k-1\right)}=\dfrac{k+1}{k-1}\)
\(\dfrac{c+d}{c-d}=\dfrac{dk+d}{dk-d}=\dfrac{d\left(k+1\right)}{d\left(k-1\right)}=\dfrac{k+1}{k-1}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a+b}{c-d}=\dfrac{c+d}{c-d}\) (với \(a-b\ne0,c-d\ne0\))
Vậy \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}thì\)\(\dfrac{a+b}{c-d}=\dfrac{c+d}{c-d}\) ( \(a-b\ne0,c-d\ne0\))
a: Đặt \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}=k\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=bk\\c=dk\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\dfrac{a}{a-b}=\dfrac{bk}{bk-b}=\dfrac{k}{k-1}\)
\(\dfrac{c}{c-d}=\dfrac{dk}{dk-d}=\dfrac{k}{k-1}\)
Do đó: \(\dfrac{a}{a-b}=\dfrac{c}{c-d}\)
Đặt: \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}=k\)
\(\Rightarrow a=bk,c=dk\)
Ta có VT:
\(\dfrac{\left(a-b\right)^2}{\left(c-d\right)^2}=\dfrac{\left(bk-b\right)^2}{\left(dk-d\right)^2}\)
\(=\dfrac{b^2\left(k-1\right)^2}{d^2\left(k-1\right)^2}=\dfrac{b^2}{d^2}\) (1)
VT: \(\dfrac{ab}{cd}=\dfrac{bk\cdot b}{dk\cdot d}=\dfrac{b^2k}{d^2k}=\dfrac{b^2}{d^2}\) (2)
Từ (1) và (2)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{\left(a-b\right)^2}{\left(c-d\right)^2}=\dfrac{ab}{cd}\left(đpcm\right)\)
Có: \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}\Leftrightarrow ab=cd\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a}{c}=\dfrac{b}{d}\)
Áp dụng tính chất của dãy tỉ số bằng nhau ta có:
\(\dfrac{a}{c}=\dfrac{b}{d}=\dfrac{a-b}{c-d}\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\dfrac{a}{c}\right)^2=\left(\dfrac{b}{d}\right)^2=\dfrac{ab}{cd}=\left(\dfrac{a-b}{c-d}\right)^2\)
Vậy...
\(=\dfrac{11a+17b}{11c-17d}=\dfrac{3a-4b}{3c-4d}\)
\(\Rightarrow...\)
Áp dụng tính chất của dãy tỉ số bằng nhau ta có :
\(\dfrac{a+b+c}{a+b-c}=\dfrac{a-b+c}{a-b-c}=\dfrac{a+b+c-a+b-c}{a+b-c-a+b+c}=\dfrac{2b}{2b}=1\)\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a+b+c}{a+b-c}=1\)
\(\Rightarrow a+b+c=a+b-c\)
\(\Rightarrow a+b+c-a-b+c=0\)
\(\Rightarrow2c=0\)
\(\Rightarrow c=0\) (đpcm)
a, Áp dụng t/c dtsbn:
\(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}\Rightarrow\dfrac{a}{c}=\dfrac{b}{d}=\dfrac{a+b}{c+d}=\dfrac{a-b}{c-d}\Rightarrow\dfrac{a+b}{a-b}=\dfrac{c+d}{c-d}\)
b, Áp dụng t/c dtsbn:
\(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}\Rightarrow\dfrac{a}{c}=\dfrac{b}{d}=\dfrac{2a}{2c}=\dfrac{5b}{5d}=\dfrac{3a}{4c}=\dfrac{4b}{4d}=\dfrac{2a+5b}{2c+5d}=\dfrac{3a-4b}{3c-4d}\Rightarrow\dfrac{2a+5b}{3a-4b}=\dfrac{2c+5d}{3c-4d}\)
c, Đặt \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}=k\Rightarrow a=bk;c=dk\)
Ta có \(\dfrac{ab}{cd}=\dfrac{bk\cdot b}{dk\cdot d}=\dfrac{b^2k}{d^2k}=\dfrac{b^2}{d^2}\)
\(\dfrac{\left(a-b\right)^2}{\left(c-d\right)^2}=\dfrac{\left(bk-b\right)^2}{\left(dk-d\right)^2}=\dfrac{b^2\left(k-1\right)^2}{d^2\left(k-1\right)^2}=\dfrac{b^2}{d^2}\)
Do đó \(\dfrac{ab}{cd}=\dfrac{\left(a-b\right)^2}{\left(c-d\right)^2}\)
d, Đặt \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}=k\Rightarrow a=bk;c=dk\)
Ta có \(\dfrac{ac}{bd}=\dfrac{bk\cdot dk}{bd}=k^2\)
\(\dfrac{a^2+c^2}{b^2+d^2}=\dfrac{b^2k^2+d^2k^2}{b^2+d^2}=\dfrac{k^2\left(b^2+d^2\right)}{b^2+d^2}=k^2\)
Do đó \(\dfrac{ac}{bd}=\dfrac{a^2+c^2}{b^2+d^2}\)
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Cách 1:
Ta xét tích a(c-d) và c(a-b)
Ta có: a(c-d)=ac-ad (1)
c(a-b)=ac-bc(2)
Ta lại có \(\dfrac{a}{c}=\dfrac{c}{d}\)=>ad=bc (3)
Từ (1), (2), (3) ta có a(c-d)=c(a-d). Do đó \(\dfrac{a}{a-b}=\dfrac{c}{c-d}\)
Cách 2:
Đặt \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}\)=k thì a=bk, c=dk.
Xét \(\dfrac{a}{a-b}=\dfrac{bk}{bk-b}=\dfrac{bk}{b\left(k-1\right)}=\dfrac{k}{k-1}\left(1\right)\)
Xét \(\dfrac{c}{c-d}=\dfrac{dk}{dk-d}=\dfrac{dk}{d\left(k-1\right)}=\dfrac{k}{k-1}\left(2\right)\)
Từ (1) và (2)=> \(\dfrac{a}{a-b}=\dfrac{c}{c-d}\)
Cách 3: Ta có
\(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}=>\dfrac{a}{c}=\dfrac{b}{d}\)
Aps dụng tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau:
\(\dfrac{a}{c}=\dfrac{b}{d}=>\dfrac{a-b}{c-d}\)
=>\(\dfrac{a}{c}=\dfrac{a-b}{c-d}=>\dfrac{a}{a-b}=\dfrac{c}{c-d}\)
Ta có: \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{b}{a}=\dfrac{d}{c}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{b}{a}-1=\dfrac{d}{c}-1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{b-a}{a}=\dfrac{d-c}{c}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a-b}{a}=\dfrac{c-d}{c}\)
hay \(\dfrac{a}{a-b}=\dfrac{c}{c-d}\)(đpcm)
a+b-c/a+b-c + 2c/a+b-c = a-b-c/a-b-c + 2c/a-b-c
suy ra 2c/a+b-c = 2c/a-b-c
Dấu = xảy ra khi c=0
\(\dfrac{a+b+c}{a+b-c}=\dfrac{a-b+c}{a-b-c}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a-b-c\right)=\left(a-b+c\right)\left(a+b-c\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2-\left(b+c\right)^2=a^2-\left(b-c\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(b+c\right)^2-\left(b-c\right)^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(b+c-b+c\right)\left(b+c+b-c\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4bc=0\)
Do b\(\ne\) 0\(\Rightarrow c=0\)
Vậy c=0 thì thỏa tỉ lệ thức (đcpcm)