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a) \(\hept{\begin{cases}\left(x-1\right)\left(2x+y\right)=0\\\left(y+1\right)\left(2y-x\right)=0\end{cases}}\)
\(\cdot x=1\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}0=0\\\left(y+1\right)\left(2y-1\right)=0\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}0=0\\y=-1;y=\frac{1}{2}\end{cases}}\)
\(\cdot y=-1\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}\left(x-1\right)\left(2x-1\right)=0\\0=0\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=1;x=\frac{1}{2}\\0=0\end{cases}}\)
\(\cdot x=2y\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}\left(2y-1\right)5y=0\\0=0\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}y=0\Rightarrow x=0\\y=\frac{1}{2}\Rightarrow x=1\end{cases}}\)
\(y=-2x\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}0=0\\\left(1-2x\right)5x=0\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=\frac{1}{2}\Rightarrow y=-1\\x=0\Rightarrow y=0\end{cases}}\)
b) \(\hept{\begin{cases}x+y=\frac{21}{8}\\\frac{x}{y}+\frac{y}{x}=\frac{37}{6}\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=\frac{21}{8}-y\\\left(\frac{21}{8}-y\right)^2+y^2=\frac{37}{6}y\left(\frac{21}{8}-y\right)\end{cases}}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=\frac{21}{8}-y\\2y^2-\frac{21}{4}y+\frac{441}{64}=-\frac{37}{6}y^2+\frac{259}{16}y\end{cases}}\)\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=\frac{21}{8}-y\\1568y^2-4116y+1323=0\end{cases}}\)\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=\frac{3}{8}\\y=\frac{9}{4}\end{cases}}hay\hept{\begin{cases}x=\frac{9}{4}\\y=\frac{3}{8}\end{cases}}\)
c) \(\hept{\begin{cases}\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}=2\\\frac{2}{xy}-\frac{1}{z^2}=4\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}\frac{1}{z^2}=\left(2-\frac{1}{x}-\frac{1}{y}\right)^2\\\frac{1}{z^2}=\frac{2}{xy}-4\end{cases}}}\)\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}\left(2xy-x-y\right)^2=-4x^2y^2+2xy\\\frac{1}{z^2}=\frac{2}{xy}-4\end{cases}}\)\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}8x^2y^2-4x^2y-4xy^2+x^2+y^2-2xy+2xy=0\\\frac{1}{z^2}=\frac{2}{xy}-4\end{cases}}\)\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}4x^2y^2-4x^2y+x^2+4x^2y^2-4xy^2+y^2=0\\\frac{1}{z^2}=\frac{2}{xy}-4\end{cases}}\)\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}\left(2xy-x\right)^2+\left(2xy-y\right)^2=0\\\frac{1}{z^2}=\frac{2}{xy}-4\end{cases}}\)\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=y=\frac{1}{2}\\z=\frac{-1}{2}\end{cases}}\)
d) \(\hept{\begin{cases}xy+x+y=71\\x^2y+xy^2=880\end{cases}}\). Đặt \(\hept{\begin{cases}x+y=S\\xy=P\end{cases}}\), ta có: \(\hept{\begin{cases}S+P=71\\SP=880\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}S=71-P\\P\left(71-P\right)=880\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}S=71-P\\P^2-71P+880=0\end{cases}}\)\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}S=16\\P=55\end{cases}}hay\hept{\begin{cases}S=55\\P=16\end{cases}}\)
\(\cdot\hept{\begin{cases}S=16\\P=55\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x+y=16\\xy=55\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=16-y\\y\left(16-y\right)=55\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=16-y\\y^2-16y+55=0\end{cases}}\)\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=5\\y=11\end{cases}}hay\hept{\begin{cases}x=11\\y=5\end{cases}}\)
\(\cdot\hept{\begin{cases}S=55\\P=16\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x+y=55\\xy=16\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=55-y\\y\left(55-y\right)=16\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=55-y\\y^2-55y+16=0\end{cases}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=\frac{55-3\sqrt{329}}{2}\\y=\frac{55+3\sqrt{329}}{2}\end{cases}}hay\hept{\begin{cases}x=\frac{55+3\sqrt{329}}{2}\\y=\frac{55-3\sqrt{329}}{2}\end{cases}}\)
e) \(\hept{\begin{cases}x\sqrt{y}+y\sqrt{x}=12\\x\sqrt{x}+y\sqrt{y}=28\end{cases}}\). Đặt \(\hept{\begin{cases}S=\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}\\P=\sqrt{xy}\end{cases}}\), ta có \(\hept{\begin{cases}SP=12\\P\left(S^2-2P\right)=28\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}S=\frac{12}{P}\\P\left(\frac{144}{P^2}-2P\right)=28\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}S=\frac{12}{P}\\2P^4+28P^2-144P=0\end{cases}}\)
Tự làm tiếp nhá! Đuối lắm luôn
Đặt \(\sqrt{x}=x;\sqrt{y}=y;\sqrt{z}=z\) cho dễ nhìn.
\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x+y+z=2\\x^2+y^2+z^2=2\end{cases}}\)
\(\Rightarrow x^2+y^2+z^2+2\left(xy+yz+zx\right)=4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow xy+yz+zx=1\)
Ta có:
\(x\left(1+y^2\right)\left(1+z^2\right)+y\left(1+z^2\right)\left(1+x^2\right)+z\left(1+x^2\right)\left(1+y^2\right)\)
\(=x^2y^2z+y^2z^2x+z^2x^2y+x^2y+x^2z+y^2x+y^2z+z^2x+z^2y+x+y+z\)
\(=xyz\left(xy+yz+zx\right)+x^2\left(2-x\right)+y^2\left(2-y\right)+z^2\left(2-z\right)+2\)
\(=-2xyz+2\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)-\left(x^3+y^3+z^3-3xyz\right)+2\)
\(=-2xyz+6-\left(x+y+z\right)\left(x^2+y^2+z^2-xy-yz-zx\right)\)
\(=-2xyz+6-2=-2xyz+4\)
Ta lại có:
\(\left(1+x^2\right)\left(1+y^2\right)\left(1+z^2\right)=x^2y^2z^2+x^2y^2+y^2z^2+z^2x^2+x^2+y^2+z^2+1\)
\(=x^2y^2z^2+\left(xy+yz+zx\right)^2-2xyz\left(xy+yz+zx\right)+3\)
\(=x^2y^2z^2-2xyz+4=\left(xyz-2\right)^2\)
\(\Rightarrow A=\sqrt{\left(xyz-2\right)^2}.\frac{4-2xyz}{\left(xyz-2\right)^2}\)
Tới đây bí :((
Ta có \(\frac{\sqrt{x^2+2y^2}}{xy}=\sqrt{\frac{1}{y^2}+\frac{2}{x^2}}\)
Áp dụng BĐT Buniacoxki ta có
\(\sqrt{\left(\frac{1}{y^2}+\frac{2}{x^2}\right)\left(1+2\right)}\ge\sqrt{\left(\frac{1}{y}+\frac{2}{x}\right)^2}=\frac{1}{y}+\frac{2}{x}\)
=> \(\sqrt{3}A\ge3\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)=3\)
=> \(A\ge\sqrt{3}\)
\(MinA=\sqrt{3}\)khi x=y=z=3
Xét phương trình đầu ta có:
\(\frac{3}{xyz}=x+y+z\ge3\sqrt[3]{xyz}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow xyz.\sqrt[3]{xyz}\le1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow xyz\le1\)(1)
Xét phương trình 2 ta có
\(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}+\sqrt{z}=3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x+y+z+2\left(\sqrt{xy}+\sqrt{yz}+\sqrt{zx}\right)=9\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{3}{xyz}+2\left(\sqrt{xy}+\sqrt{yz}+\sqrt{zx}\right)=9\)
\(\Leftrightarrow9=\frac{1}{xyz}+\frac{1}{xyz}+\frac{1}{xyz}+\sqrt{xy}+\sqrt{yz}+\sqrt{zx}+\sqrt{xy}+\sqrt{yz}+\sqrt{zx}\)
\(\ge9\sqrt[9]{\frac{1}{xyz}}\)
\(\Rightarrow1\ge\sqrt[9]{\frac{1}{xyz}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow xyz\ge1\)(2)
Từ (1) và (2) suy ra xyz = 1
Dấu = xảy ra khi x = y = z = 1
