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\(N=\Sigma\frac{3}{b+c}+\Sigma\frac{a^2}{b+c}\ge\Sigma\frac{3}{3-a}+\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{2\left(a+b+c\right)}\left(Svac\right)\)
\(=\Sigma\frac{3}{3-a}+\frac{3}{2}\)
Để C/m \(N\ge6\)thì \(\Sigma\frac{3}{3-a}\ge\frac{9}{2}\)
Áp dụng Svac \(\frac{3}{3-a}+\frac{3}{3-b}+\frac{3}{3-c}\ge\frac{\left(\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{3}\right)^2}{3+3+3-\left(a+b+c\right)}=\frac{9}{2}\left(Q.E.D\right)\)
Dấu bằng tại a=b=c=1
Dat \(P=\left(1+\frac{a}{b}\right)\left(1+\frac{b}{c}\right)\left(1+\frac{c}{a}\right)\)
Ta co: \(\frac{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}{abc}\ge8\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)\ge8abc\)
Ta d̃i CM:\(\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)\ge8abc\)
Ta co:\(\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)\ge2\sqrt{ab}.2\sqrt{bc}.2\sqrt{ca}=8abc\left(dpcm\right)\)
Dau '=' xay ra khi \(a=b=c\)
\(N=\frac{3+a^2}{b+c}+\frac{3+b^2}{c+a}+\frac{3+c^2}{a+b}=\left(\frac{a^2}{b+c}+\frac{b^2}{c+a}+\frac{c^2}{a+b}\right)+3\left(\frac{1}{b+c}+\frac{1}{c+a}+\frac{1}{a+b}\right)\)
\(\ge\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{2\left(a+b+c\right)}+\frac{27}{2\left(a+b+c\right)}=\frac{3}{2}+\frac{9}{2}=6\) ( Cauchy-Schwarz dạng Engel )
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\)\(a=b=c=1\)
~ Đấng Ed :) ~
Ta có: \(\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{c}\right)^2=a+2\sqrt{ac}+c=2b+2\sqrt{ac}\)(1)
Lại có: \(\frac{1}{\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}}=\frac{2\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{c}}{b+\sqrt{ab}+\sqrt{bc}+\sqrt{ca}}\)
\(=\frac{\left(2\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{c}\right)\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{c}\right)}{\left(b+\sqrt{ab}+\sqrt{bc}+\sqrt{ca}\right)\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{c}\right)}\)(Nhân cả tử & mẫu với \(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{c}\))
\(=\frac{2\sqrt{ab}+2\sqrt{bc}+\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{c}\right)^2}{\left(b+\sqrt{ab}+\sqrt{bc}+\sqrt{ca}\right)\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{c}\right)}\)(2)
Thế (1) và (2) => \(\frac{1}{\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}}\)\(=\frac{2\sqrt{ab}+2\sqrt{bc}+2b+\sqrt{ca}}{\left(b+\sqrt{ab}+\sqrt{bc}+\sqrt{ca}\right)\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{c}\right)}=\frac{2\left(b+\sqrt{ab}+\sqrt{bc}+\sqrt{ca}\right)}{\left(b+\sqrt{ab}+\sqrt{bc}+\sqrt{ca}\right)\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{c}\right)}\)
\(=\frac{2}{\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{c}}.\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}}=\frac{2}{\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{c}}\)(đpcm).
\(N=\frac{a^2}{b+c}+\frac{b^2}{a+c}+\frac{c^2}{a+b}+3\left(\frac{1}{a+b}+\frac{1}{a+c}+\frac{1}{b+c}\right)\)
\(N\ge\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{2\left(a+b+c\right)}+3.\frac{9}{2\left(a+b+c\right)}=\frac{9}{6}+\frac{27}{6}=6\)
Dấu "=" khi \(a=b=c=1\)
Ta có \(\frac{b+c+6}{1+a}=\frac{11-a}{1+a}=-1+\frac{12}{1+a}\)
\(\frac{c+a+4}{2+b}=-1+\frac{12}{2+b}\)
\(\frac{a+b+3}{3+c}=-1+\frac{12}{3+c}\)
Mà \(\frac{1}{1+a}+\frac{1}{2+b}+\frac{1}{3+c}\ge\)
\(\frac{3^2}{1+2+3+a+b+c}=\frac{3}{4}\)
Từ đó => VT \(\ge\)-3 + \(12\frac{3}{4}\)= 6
Đặt x=a+1; y=b+2; z=3+c (x;y;z>0)
\(VT=\frac{y+z}{x}+\frac{z+x}{y}+\frac{x+y}{z}\)
\(=\frac{y}{x}+\frac{x}{y}+\frac{x}{z}+\frac{z}{x}+\frac{y}{z}+\frac{z}{y}\)
\(\ge2\sqrt{\frac{y}{x}\cdot\frac{x}{y}}+2\sqrt{\frac{z}{x}\cdot\frac{x}{z}}+2\sqrt{\frac{y}{z}\cdot\frac{z}{y}}=6\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> a=3; b=2; c=1
\(N=3\left(\frac{1}{a+b}+\frac{1}{b+c}+\frac{1}{c+a}\right)+\left(\frac{a^2}{b+c}+\frac{b^2}{c+a}+\frac{c^2}{a+b}\right)\)
\(\ge\frac{27}{2\left(a+b+c\right)}+\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)}{2}=6^{\left(đpcm\right)}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi a = b =c = 1
Ta có đánh giá \(\frac{3+a^2}{3-a}\ge2a\) \(\forall a:0< a< 3\)
Thật vật, biến đổi tương đương: \(\Leftrightarrow3+a^2\ge2a\left(3-a\right)\Leftrightarrow3\left(a-1\right)^2\ge0\) (luôn đúng)
Tương tự: \(\frac{3+b^2}{3-b}\ge2b\) ; \(\frac{3+c^2}{3-c}\ge2c\)
Cộng vế với vế: \(N\ge2\left(a+b+c\right)=6\)
\("="\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=1\)