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Ta có \(\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)^2=\frac{1}{x^2}+\frac{1}{y^2}+\frac{1}{z^2}+\frac{2}{xyz}\left(x+y+z\right)=\frac{1}{x^2}+\frac{1}{y^2}+\frac{1}{z^2}+\frac{1}{xyz}=4\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}=2\)(vì \(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}>0\))
Mặt khác, ta có : \(\frac{1}{x+y+z}=2\) .
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}=\frac{1}{x+y+z}\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\left(\frac{1}{z}-\frac{1}{x+y+z}\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{x+y}{xy}+\frac{x+y}{z\left(x+y+z\right)}=0\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y\right)\left(\frac{1}{xy}+\frac{1}{z\left(x+y+z\right)}\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)\left(z+x\right)}{xyz\left(x+y+z\right)}=0\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)\left(z+x\right)=0\)
=> x+y = 0 hoặc y + z = 0 hoặc z + x = 0
Từ đó suy ra P = 0 (lí do vì x,y,z là các số mũ lẻ)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y+z=2010\\\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}=\frac{1}{2010}\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}=\frac{1}{x+y+z}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}\right)+\left(\frac{1}{z}-\frac{1}{x+y+z}\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{x+y}{xy}+\frac{x+y+z-z}{z\left(x+y+z\right)}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y\right)\left[\frac{1}{xy}+\frac{1}{z\left(x+y+z\right)}\right]=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y\right)\left[\frac{z\left(x+y+z\right)+xy}{xyz\left(x+y+z\right)}\right]=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y\right)\left[\frac{zx+zy+z^2+xy}{xyz\left(x+y+z\right)}\right]=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y\right)\left[\frac{z\left(x+z\right)+y\left(z+x\right)}{xyz\left(x+y+z\right)}\right]=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y\right)\left[\frac{\left(x+z\right)\left(z+y\right)}{xyz\left(x+y+z\right)}\right]=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y\right)\left(x+z\right)\left(z+y\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x+y=0\) hoặc \(x+z=0\) hoặc \(z+y=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=-y\) hoặc \(x=-z\) hoặc z=-y
\(\Rightarrow P\left(x^{2007}+y^{2007}\right)\left(y^{2009}+z^{2009}\right)\left(z^{2009}+x^{2009}\right)=0\)
Chúc bạn học tốt !!
\(\hept{\begin{cases}x+y+z=2010\\\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}=\frac{1}{2010}\end{cases}\Rightarrow\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}=\frac{1}{x+y+z}}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}\right)+\left(\frac{1}{z}-\frac{1}{x+y+z}\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{x+y}{xy}+\frac{x+y+z-z}{z\left(x+y+z\right)}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y\right)\left[\frac{1}{xy}+\frac{1}{z\left(x+y+z\right)}\right]=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y\right)\left[\frac{z\left(x+y+z\right)+xy}{xyz\left(x+y+z\right)}\right]=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y\right)\left[\frac{zx+zy+z^2+xy}{xyz\left(x+y+z\right)}\right]=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y\right)\left[\frac{z\left(x+z\right)+y\left(z+x\right)}{xyz\left(x+y+z\right)}\right]=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y\right)\left[\frac{\left(x+z\right)\left(z+y\right)}{xyz\left(x+y+z\right)}\right]=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{\left(x+y\right)\left(x+z\right)\left(z+y\right)}{xyz\left(x+y+z\right)}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y\right)\left(x+z\right)\left(z+y\right)=0\)
<=> x+y = 0 hoặc x+z=0 hoặc z+y=0
<=> x = -y hoặc x = -z hoặc z = -y
\(\Rightarrow P=\left(x^{2007}+y^{2007}\right)\left(y^{2009}+z^{2009}\right)\left(z^{2009}+x^{2009}\right)=0\)
\(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}=\frac{1}{x+y+z}\left(x;y;z,x+y+z\ne0\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{xy+yz+xz}{xyz}=\frac{1}{x+y+z}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(xy+yz+xz\right)\left(x+y+z\right)=xyz\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(xy+yz+xz\right)\left(x+y+z\right)-xyz=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(xy+yz\right)\left(x+y+z\right)+xz\left(x+z\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow y\left(x+z\right)\left(x+y+z\right)+xz\left(x+z\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+z\right)\left(xy+y^2+yz\right)+xz\left(x+z\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+z\right)\left(xy+y^2+yz+xz\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+z\right)\left[y\left(x+y\right)+z\left(x+y\right)\right]=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+z\right)\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)=0\)
Từ đó \(x=-z\)hoặc \(x=-y\)hoặc \(y=-z\)
-Nếu \(x=-z\Rightarrow z^{2017}+x^{2017}=0\Rightarrow M=\frac{19}{4}+0=\frac{19}{4}\)
Tương tự với các trường hợp còn lại, ta cũng tính được \(M=\frac{19}{4}\)
a/ Đơn giản là dùng phép thế:
\(x+2y+x+y+z=0\Rightarrow x+2y=0\Rightarrow x=-2y\)
\(x+y+z=0\Rightarrow z=-\left(x+y\right)=-\left(-2y+y\right)=y\)
Thế vào pt cuối:
\(\left(1-2y\right)^2+\left(y+2\right)^2+\left(y+3\right)^2=26\)
Vậy là xong
b/ Sử dụng hệ số bất định:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a\left(\frac{x}{3}+\frac{y}{12}-\frac{z}{4}\right)=a\\b\left(\frac{x}{10}+\frac{y}{5}+\frac{z}{3}\right)=b\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(\frac{a}{3}+\frac{b}{10}\right)x+\left(\frac{a}{12}+\frac{b}{5}\right)y+\left(\frac{-a}{4}+\frac{b}{3}\right)z=a+b\) (1)
Ta cần a;b sao cho \(\frac{a}{3}+\frac{b}{10}=\frac{a}{12}+\frac{b}{5}=-\frac{a}{4}+\frac{b}{3}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\frac{a}{3}+\frac{b}{10}=\frac{a}{12}+\frac{b}{5}\\\frac{a}{3}+\frac{b}{10}=-\frac{a}{4}+\frac{b}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\frac{a}{2}=\frac{b}{5}\)
Chọn \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=2\\b=5\end{matrix}\right.\) thay vào (1):
\(\frac{7}{6}\left(x+y+z\right)=7\Rightarrow x+y+z=6\)
Thay x+y+z=2020 vào \(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}=\frac{1}{2020}\) có:
\(\frac{xy+yz+xz}{xyz}=\frac{1}{x+y+z}\)
<=>\(\left(xy+yz+xz\right)\left(x+y+z\right)=xyz\)
<=>\(x^2y+xy^2+xyz+xyz+y^2z+yz^2+x^2z+xyz+xz^2=xyz\)
<=>\(xy\left(x+y\right)+z^2\left(x+y\right)+y^2z+x^2z+3xyz-xyz=0\)
<=>\(\left(x+y\right)\left(xy+z^2\right)+z\left(y^2+x^2+2xy\right)=0\)
<=>\(\left(x+y\right)\left(xy+z^2\right)+z\left(x+y\right)^2=0\)
<=>\(\left(x+y\right)\left(xy+z^2+xz+yz\right)=0\)
<=>\(\left(x+y\right)\left[x\left(y+z\right)+z\left(y+z\right)\right]=0\)
<=>\(\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)\left(x+z\right)=0\)
=> \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-y\\y=-z\\x=-z\end{matrix}\right.\)
Tại x=-y => \(x^{2009}=-y^{2009}\)
<=>\(x^{2009}+y^{2009}\)=0
Có \(P=\left(x^{2009}+y^{2009}\right)\left(y^{2011}+z^{2011}\right)\left(z^{2013}+x^{2013}\right)=0\left(y^{2011}+z^{2011}\right)\left(z^{2013}+x^{2013}\right)=0\)
Tương tự các trường hợp kia cũng => P=0
Vậy P=0