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đặt \(S=\frac{a}{4b^2+1}+\frac{b}{4c^2+1}+\frac{c}{4a^2+1}\)
\(=\frac{a^3}{4a^2b^2+a^2}+\frac{b^3}{4b^2c^2+b^2}+\frac{c^3}{4a^2c^2+c^2}\ge\frac{\left(a\sqrt{a}+b\sqrt{b}+c\sqrt{c}\right)^2}{4a^2b^2+4b^2c^2+4c^2a^2+a^2+b^2+c^2}\)
xét hiệu:
1-4(a2b2+b2c2+c2a2)-a2-b2-c2
=2ab+2bc+2ca-4(a2b2+b2c2+c2a2)
=2ab(1-2ab)+2bc(1-2bc)+2ca(1-2ca)
ta có:
\(2ab\le\frac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{2}\le\frac{1}{2};2bc\le\frac{\left(b+c\right)^2}{2}\le\frac{1}{2};2ca\le\frac{\left(c+a\right)^2}{2}\le\frac{1}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow2ab\left(1-2ab\right);2bc\left(1-2bc\right);2ca\left(1-2ca\right)\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow1\ge4\left(a^2b^2+b^2c^2+c^2a^2\right)+a^2+b^2+c^2\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{\left(a\sqrt{a}+b\sqrt{b}+c\sqrt{c}\right)^2}{4\left(a^2b^2+b^2c^2+c^2a^2\right)+a^2+b^2+c^2}\ge\left(a\sqrt{a}+b\sqrt{b}+c\sqrt{c}\right)^2\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a}{4b^2+1}+\frac{b}{4c^2+1}+\frac{c}{4a^2+1}\ge\left(a\sqrt{a}+b\sqrt{b}+c\sqrt{c}\right)^2\)
=>đpcm
dấu"=" xảy ra khi 1 số=1;2 số còn lại =0
Áp dụng Cauchy-Schwarz:
\(VT^2\le\left(1+1+1\right)\left(4a+1+4b+1+4c+1\right)\)
\(=3\left(4\left(a+b+c\right)+3\right)\)
\(=3\left(4+3\right)=21< 25=VP^2\)
Suy ra VT<VP---> đúng
Ta có: \(4b\sqrt{c}-c\sqrt{a}=\sqrt{c}\left(4b-\sqrt{ac}\right)>0\)( do \(1< a,b,c< 2\))
Tương tự => Các MS dương
\(VT=\frac{ba}{4b\sqrt{ac}-ca}+\frac{cb}{4c\sqrt{ba}-ab}+\frac{ac}{4a\sqrt{bc}-bc}\)
Áp dụng BĐT cosi schawr ta có
\(VT\ge\frac{\left(\sqrt{ab}+\sqrt{bc}+\sqrt{ac}\right)^2}{4b\sqrt{ac}+4c\sqrt{ab}+4a\sqrt{bc}-ab-bc-ac}\)
Áp dụng cosi ta có \(2b\sqrt{ac}=2\sqrt{ab}.\sqrt{ac}\le ab+ac\);\(2c\sqrt{ab}\le ac+bc\);\(2a\sqrt{bc}\le ab+ac\)
=> \(VT\ge\frac{\left(\sqrt{ab}+\sqrt{ac}+\sqrt{bc}\right)^2}{ab+bc+ac+2\sqrt{ab}+2\sqrt{bc}+2\sqrt{ac}}=\frac{\left(\sqrt{ab}+\sqrt{bc}+\sqrt{ac}\right)^2}{\left(\sqrt{ab}+\sqrt{bc}+\sqrt{ac}\right)^2}=1\)(ĐPCM)
Dấu bằng xảy ra khi a=b=c
Thôi giải lại câu 1:v (ý tưởng dồn biến là quá trâu bò! Bên AoPS em mới phát hiện ra có một cách bằng Cauchy-Schwarz quá hay!)
\(BĐT\Leftrightarrow\Sigma_{cyc}\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{2a^2+\left(a^2+b^2\right)+\left(a^2+c^2\right)}\le\frac{9}{2}\)(*)
BĐT này đúng theo Cauchy-Schwarz: \(VT_{\text{(*)}}\le\Sigma_{cyc}\left(\frac{a^2}{2a^2}+\frac{b^2}{a^2+b^2}+\frac{c^2}{a^2+c^2}\right)=\frac{9}{2}\)
Ta có đpcm.
Equality holds when a = b = c = 1 (Đẳng thức xảy ra khi a = b =c = 1)
Ta có
\(\sqrt{2}\sqrt{4a+1}\le\frac{4a+3}{2}\)
\(\sqrt{2}\sqrt{4b+1}\le\frac{4b+3}{2}\)
\(\sqrt{2}\sqrt{4c+1}\le\frac{4c+3}{2}\)
\(\sqrt{2}\sqrt{4d+1}\le\frac{4d+3}{2}\)
Cộng vế theo vế ta được
\(\sqrt{2}\left(\sqrt{4a+1}+\sqrt{4b+1}+\sqrt{4c+1}+\sqrt{4d+1}\right)\)
\(\le8\)
<=> \(\sqrt{4a+1}+\sqrt{4b+1}+\sqrt{4c+1}\sqrt{4d+1}\le4\sqrt{2}\)
Áp dụng BĐT Bunhia:
\(\sqrt{4a+1}+\sqrt{4b+1}+\sqrt{4c+1}\le\sqrt{\left(1+1+1\right)\left(4a+1+4b+1+4c+1\right)}\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{4a+1}+\sqrt{4b+1}+\sqrt{4c+1}\le\sqrt{3.\left(4\left(a+b+c\right)+3\right)}=\sqrt{21}< \sqrt{25}=5\)
Vậy \(\sqrt{4a+1}+\sqrt{4b+1}+\sqrt{4c+1}< 5\)
Bài 1:
Đặt \(a^2=x;b^2=y;c^2=z\)
Ta có:\(\sqrt{\frac{x}{x+y}}+\sqrt{\frac{y}{y+z}}+\sqrt{\frac{z}{z+x}}\le\frac{3}{\sqrt{2}}\)
Áp dụng BĐT cô si ta có:
\(\sqrt{\frac{x}{x+y}}=\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}\sqrt{\frac{4x\left(x+y+z\right)}{3\left(x+y\right)\left(x+z\right)}\frac{3\left(x+z\right)}{2\left(x+y+z\right)}}\)
\(\le\frac{1}{2\sqrt{2}}\left[\frac{4x\left(x+y+z\right)}{3\left(x+y\right)\left(x+z\right)}+\frac{3\left(x+z\right)}{2\left(x+y+z\right)}\right]\)
Tương tự với \(\sqrt{\frac{y}{y+z}}\)và \(\sqrt{\frac{z}{z+x}}\)
Cộng lại ta được:
\(\frac{\sqrt{2}}{3}\left[\frac{x\left(x+y+z\right)}{\left(x+y\right)\left(x+z\right)}+\frac{y\left(x+y+z\right)}{\left(y+z\right)\left(y+x\right)}+\frac{z\left(x+y+z\right)}{\left(z+x\right)\left(z+y\right)}\right]+\frac{3}{2\sqrt{2}}\le\frac{3}{2\sqrt{2}}\)
Sau đó bình phương hai vế rồi
\(\Rightarrow\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)\left(z+x\right)\ge8xyz\)đẳng thức đúng
Vậy...
Bài 2:
Trước hết ta chứng minh bất đẳng thức sau:
\(\frac{a}{4a+4b+c}+\frac{b}{4b+4c+a}+\frac{c}{4c+4a+b}\le\frac{1}{3}\)
Nhân cả hai vế bđt với 4(a+b+c)4(a+b+c) rồi thu gọn ta được bđt sau:
\(\frac{4a\left(a+b+c\right)}{4a+4b+c}+\frac{4b\left(a+b+c\right)}{4b+4c+a}+\frac{4c\left(a+b+c\right)}{4c+4a+b}\)\(\le\frac{4}{3}\left(a+b+c\right)\)
\(\left[\frac{4a\left(a+b+c\right)}{4a+4b+}-a\right]+\left[\frac{4b\left(a+b+c\right)}{4b+4c+a}-b\right]+\left[\frac{4c\left(a+b+c\right)}{4c+4a+b}-c\right]\le\frac{a+b+c}{3}\)
\(\frac{ca}{4a+4b+c}+\frac{ab}{4b+4c+a}+\frac{bc}{4c+4a+b}\le\frac{a+b+c}{9}\)
Áp dụng bđt cauchy-Schwarz ta có \(\frac{ca}{4a+4b+c}=\frac{ca}{\left(2b+c\right)+2\left(2a+b\right)}\)\(\le\frac{ca}{9}\left(\frac{1}{2b+c}+\frac{2}{2a+b}\right)\)
Từ đó ta có:
\(\text{∑}\frac{ca}{4a+4b+c}\le\frac{1}{9}\text{∑}\left(\frac{ca}{2b+c}+\frac{2ca}{2a+b}\right)\)\(=\frac{1}{9}\left(\text{ ∑}\frac{ca}{2b+c}+\text{ ∑}\frac{2ca}{2a+b}\right)\)\(=\frac{1}{9}\left(\text{ ∑}\frac{ca}{2b+c}+\text{ ∑}\frac{2ab}{2b+c}\right)=\frac{a+b+c}{9}\)
Đặt VT=A rồi áp dụng bđt cauchy-Schwarz cho VT ta có
\(T^2\le3\left(\frac{a}{4a+4b+c}+\frac{b}{4b+4c+a}+\frac{c}{4c+4a+b}\right)\)\(\le3\cdot\frac{1}{3}=1\Leftrightarrow T\le1\)
Dấu = xảy ra khi a=b=c
c bạn tự làm nhé mình mệt rồi :D
Ap dung BDT Bun-hia-cop-xki ta co:
\(\left(\sqrt{4a+1}+\sqrt{4b+1}+\sqrt{4c+1}\right)^2\le\left(1+1+1\right)\left[4\left(a+b+c\right)+3\right]=21\)
\(\Rightarrow-\sqrt{21}\le\sqrt{4a+1}+\sqrt{4b+1}+\sqrt{4c+1}\le\sqrt{21}< 5\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{4a+1}+\sqrt{4b+1}+\sqrt{4c+1}< 5\)
Ap dung BDT Bun-hia-cop-xki ta co:
\left(\sqrt{4a+1}+\sqrt{4b+1}+\sqrt{4c+1}\right)^2\le\left(1+1+1\right)\left[4\left(a+b+c\right)+3\right]=21(4a+1+4b+1+4c+1)2≤(1+1+1)[4(a+b+c)+3]=21
\Rightarrow-\sqrt{21}\le\sqrt{4a+1}+\sqrt{4b+1}+\sqrt{4c+1}\le\sqrt{21}< 5⇒−21≤4a+1+4b+1+4c+1≤21<5
\Rightarrow\sqrt{4a+1}+\sqrt{4b+1}+\sqrt{4c+1}< 5⇒4a+1+4b+1+4c+1<5