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\(ab+bc+ca=3abc\Rightarrow\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}=3\)
\(Q=\frac{a^2+c^2-c^2}{a\left(c^2+a^2\right)}+\frac{b^2+a^2-a^2}{a\left(a^2+b^2\right)}+\frac{c^2+b^2-b^2}{b\left(b^2+c^2\right)}\)
\(Q=\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}-\left(\frac{a}{a^2+b^2}+\frac{b}{b^2+c^2}+\frac{c}{c^2+a^2}\right)\)
\(Q\ge3-\left(\frac{a}{2ab}+\frac{b}{2bc}+\frac{c}{2ca}\right)=3-\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)=\frac{3}{2}\)
\(Q_{min}=\frac{3}{2}\) khi \(a=b=c=1\)
Áp dụng bđt cô si ta có:
\(\frac{a^2\left(b+1\right)}{a+b+ab}+\frac{a+b+ab}{b+1}\ge2a\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{a^2\left(b+1\right)}{a+b+ab}\ge2a-\frac{a\left(b+1\right)+b}{b+1}=2a-a-\frac{b}{b+1}=a-\frac{b}{b+1}\)
Mặt khác:
\(\frac{b}{b+1}\le\frac{b+1}{4}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a^2\left(b+1\right)}{a+b+ab}\ge a-\left(\frac{b+1}{4}\right)\)
Tương tự:
\(\frac{b^2\left(c+1\right)}{b+c+bc}\ge b-\left(\frac{c+1}{4}\right)\)
\(\frac{c^2\left(a+1\right)}{c+a+ca}\ge c-\left(\frac{a+1}{4}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow P\ge\left(a+b+c\right)-\left(\frac{a+1}{4}+\frac{b+1}{4}+\frac{c+1}{4}\right)=\left(a+b+c\right)-\left(\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)+3}{4}\right)=3-\left(\frac{3+3}{4}\right)=\frac{3}{2}\)Vậy GTNN của P=3/2
(Thấy sai sai chỗ nào đó mà ko biết chỗ nào, ae thấy thì chỉ nhá )
đoạn bạn dùng cô si ấy hình như bị sai do nếu a=b=c=1 thì sao lại a^2(b+1)/(a+b+ab)=(a+b+ab)/(b+1)
bài 1
ÁP dụng AM-GM ta có:
\(\frac{a^3}{b\left(2c+a\right)}+\frac{2c+a}{9}+\frac{b}{3}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\frac{a^3.\left(2c+a\right).b}{b\left(2c+a\right).27}}=a.\)
tương tự ta có:\(\frac{b^3}{c\left(2a+b\right)}+\frac{2a+b}{9}+\frac{c}{3}\ge b,\frac{c^3}{a\left(2b+c\right)}+\frac{2b+c}{9}+\frac{a}{3}\ge c\)
công tất cả lại ta có:
\(P+\frac{2a+b}{9}+\frac{2b+c}{9}+\frac{2c+a}{9}+\frac{a+b+c}{3}\ge a+b+c\)
\(P+\frac{2\left(a+b+c\right)}{3}\ge a+b+c\)
Thay \(a+b+c=3\)vào ta được":
\(P+2\ge3\Leftrightarrow P\ge1\)
Vậy Min là \(1\)
dấu \(=\)xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=1\)
Ta có: \(P=\Sigma\dfrac{a^2\left(b+1\right)}{a\left(b+1\right)+b}=\Sigma\dfrac{a^2\left(b+1\right)+ab-ab}{a\left(b+1\right)+b}=\Sigma\left(a-\dfrac{ab}{a\left(b+1\right)+b}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow P=\left(a+b+c\right)-\Sigma\dfrac{ab}{a\left(b+1\right)+b}=3-\Sigma\dfrac{ab}{a\left(b+1\right)+b}\)
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy \(\Rightarrow a\left(b+1\right)+b=ab+b+a\ge3\sqrt[3]{a^2b^2}\)
\(\Rightarrow P\ge3-\Sigma\dfrac{ab}{\sqrt[3]{a^2b^2}}=3-\Sigma\dfrac{\sqrt[3]{ab}}{3}\)
mà \(\sqrt[3]{ab}=\sqrt[3]{a.b.1}\le\dfrac{a+b+1}{3}\)
\(3-\Sigma\dfrac{\sqrt[3]{ab}}{3}=3-\dfrac{\sqrt[3]{ab}+\sqrt[3]{bc}+\sqrt[3]{ac}}{3}\ge3-\dfrac{\dfrac{2\left(a+b+c\right)+3}{3}}{3}=3-1=2\)
\(\Rightarrow P\ge2\) \(\Rightarrow MinP=2\) khi a = b = c =1
Lời giải khác:
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz:
\(P=\frac{a^2(b+1)}{a+b+ab}+\frac{b^2(c+1)}{b+c+bc}+\frac{c^2(a+1)}{c+a+ac}\)\(=\frac{a^2}{\frac{a+b+ab}{b+1}}+\frac{b^2}{\frac{b+c+bc}{c+1}}+\frac{c^2}{\frac{c+a+ca}{a+1}}\)
\(\geq \frac{(a+b+c)^2}{\frac{(a+1)(b+1)-1}{b+1}+\frac{(b+1)(c+1)-1}{c+1}+\frac{(c+1)(a+1)-1}{a+1}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow P\geq \frac{9}{a+b+c+3-\left(\frac{1}{a+1}+\frac{1}{b+1}+\frac{1}{c+1}\right)}=\frac{9}{6-\left(\frac{1}{a+1}+\frac{1}{b+1}+\frac{1}{c+1}\right)}\)
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz:
\(\frac{1}{a+1}+\frac{1}{b+1}+\frac{1}{c+1}\geq \frac{9}{a+1+b+1+c+1}=\frac{9}{a+b+c+3}=\frac{9}{6}=\frac{3}{2}\)
Do đó: \(6-\left(\frac{1}{a+1}+\frac{1}{b+1}+\frac{1}{c+1}\right)\leq 6-\frac{3}{2}=\frac{9}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow P\geq \frac{9}{\frac{9}{2}}=2\)
Vậy P min là 2
Dấu bằng xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=1\)
\(P=\frac{\left(\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{a}+1\right)\left(\frac{1}{a}-\frac{1}{b}\right)^2}{\left(\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{a}\right)^2-\left(\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{a}\right)-2}=\frac{\left(\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{a}+1\right)\left(\frac{1}{a}-\frac{1}{b}\right)^2}{\left(\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{a}+1\right)\left(\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{a}-2\right)}\)
\(=\frac{\left(\frac{1}{a}-\frac{1}{b}\right)^2}{\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{a}-2}=\frac{\left(\frac{a-b}{ab}\right)^2}{\frac{a^2+b^2-2ab}{ab}}=\frac{\left(a-b\right)^2}{a^2b^2.\frac{\left(a-b\right)^2}{ab}}=\frac{1}{ab}\)
\(1=\sqrt{ab}+4a+b\ge\sqrt{ab}+2\sqrt{4ab}=5\sqrt{ab}\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{ab}\le\frac{1}{5}\Rightarrow ab\le\frac{1}{25}\Rightarrow\frac{1}{ab}\ge25\)
\(\Rightarrow P_{min}=25\) khi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=\frac{1}{10}\\b=\frac{2}{5}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Lời giải:
Xét:
\(\frac{a^4}{(a+b)(a^2+b^2)}+\frac{b^4}{(b+c)(b^2+c^2)}+\frac{c^4}{(c+a)(c^2+a^2)}-\left[\frac{b^4}{(a+b)(a^2+b^2}+\frac{c^4}{(b+c)(b^+c^2)}+\frac{a^4}{(c+a)(c^2+a^2)}\right]\)
\(=\frac{a^4-b^4}{(a+b)(a^2+b^2)}+\frac{b^4-c^4}{(b+c)(b^2+c^2)}+\frac{c^4-a^4}{(c+a)(c^2+a^2)}=a-b+b-c+c-a=0\)
\(\Rightarrow \frac{a^4}{(a+b)(a^2+b^2)}+\frac{b^4}{(b+c)(b^2+c^2)}+\frac{c^4}{(c+a)(c^2+a^2)}=\frac{b^4}{(a+b)(a^2+b^2}+\frac{c^4}{(b+c)(b^+c^2)}+\frac{a^4}{(c+a)(c^2+a^2)}\)
\(\Rightarrow 2P=\frac{a^4+b^4}{(a+b)(a^2+b^2)}+\frac{b^4+c^4}{(b+c)(b^2+c^2)}+\frac{c^4+a^4}{(c+a)(c^2+a^2)}\)
Áp dụng hệ quả quen thuộc của BĐT AM-GM: \(x^2+y^2\geq \frac{(x+y)^2}{2}\) ta có:
\(a^4+b^4\geq \frac{(a^2+b^2)^2}{2}\)
\(a^2+b^2\geq \frac{(a+b)^2}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow a^4+b^4\geq \frac{(a^2+b^2).\frac{(a+b)^2}{2}}{2}=\frac{(a^2+b^2)(a+b)^2}{4}\)
\(\Rightarrow \frac{a^4+b^4}{(a+b)(a^2+b^2)}\geq \frac{a+b}{4}\). Tương tự với các phân thức còn lại:
\(\Rightarrow 2P\geq \frac{a+b}{4}+\frac{b+c}{4}+\frac{c+a}{4}=\frac{a+b+c}{2}=2\)
\(\Rightarrow P\geq 1\). Vậy \(P_{\min}=1\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=\frac{4}{3}\)
\(a=b=c=\dfrac{4}{3}\Rightarrow P=1\)
Ta se cm \(P=1\) la GTNN cua P hay \(Σ\dfrac{a^4}{\left(a+b\right)\left(a^2+b^2\right)}\ge1\)
C-S: \(VT\ge\dfrac{\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^2}{Σ\left(a+b\right)\left(a^2+b^2\right)}\)
Hay ta can cm bdt \(\dfrac{\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^2}{Σ\left(a+b\right)\left(a^2+b^2\right)}\ge1=\dfrac{a+b+c}{4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^2\ge\left(a+b+c\right)\left(Σ\left(a+b\right)\left(a^2+b^2\right)\right)\)
\(\LeftrightarrowΣ\left(a-b\right)^2\left(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab\right)\ge0\)
Ta có \(A=\left(a+b\right)^2\left(\frac{1}{a^2+b^2}+\frac{1}{ab}\right)\)
\(=\left(a+b\right)^2\left(\frac{1}{a^2+b^2}+\frac{1}{2ab}+\frac{1}{2ab}\right)\)
Áp dụng bđt AM-GM ta có
\(A\ge\left(a+b\right)^2\left(\frac{4}{\left(a+b\right)^2}+\frac{1}{2ab}\right)\)\(=4+\frac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{2ab}\ge4+\frac{4ab}{2ab}=4+2=6\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi a=b
Vậy...........