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\(2Na+2H_2O\rightarrow2NaOH+H_2\uparrow\)
0,2 0,1
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{2,128.100}{95}:22,4=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{Na}=0,2.23=4,6\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{Fe}=10,2-4,6=5,6\left(g\right)\)
\(\%Na=\dfrac{4,6}{10,2}.100\%\approx45,1\%\)
\(\%Fe=\dfrac{5,6}{10,2}.100\%=54,9\%\)
\(n_{H_2\left(dktc\right)}=\dfrac{V}{22,4}=\dfrac{1,792}{22,4}=0,08\left(mol\right)\)
đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Zn}=a\left(mol\right)\\n_{Al}=b\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(PTHH:Zn+H_2SO_4->ZnSO_4+H_2\)
tỉ lệ 1 : 1 : 1 : 1
n(mol) a---->a------------>a---------->a (1)
\(PTHH:2Al+3H_2SO_4->Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\)
tỉ lệ 2 : 3 ; 1 : 3
n(mol) b-------->3/2b----->1/2b------------>3/2b (2)
Từ (1) và (2) ta có
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}65a+27b=3,79\\a+\dfrac{3}{2}b=0,08\end{matrix}\right.=>\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,05\left(mol\right)\\b=0,02\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(=>\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Zn}=n\cdot M=0,05\cdot65=3,25\left(g\right)\\m_{Al}=n\cdot M=0,02\cdot27=0,54\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(=>\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Zn}=\dfrac{3,25\cdot100\%}{3,79}\approx85,75\%\\\%m_{Al}=100\%-85,75\approx14,25\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
với (1) thì
\(n_{H_2SO_4\left(1\right)}=a=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
với (2) thì
\(n_{H_2SO_4\left(2\right)}=\dfrac{3}{2}b=\dfrac{3}{2}\cdot0,02=0,03\left(mol\right)\)
\(=>m_{H_2SO_4}=\left(0,05+0,03\right)\cdot98=7,84\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{Cu}=12g\Rightarrow n_{Cu}=\dfrac{12}{64}=0,1875mol\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Fe}=m_{kl}-m_{Cu}=24-12=12g\Rightarrow n_{Fe}=\dfrac{3}{14}mol\)
\(CuO+H_2\rightarrow Cu+H_2O\)
\(\dfrac{12}{64}\) \(\dfrac{12}{64}\)
\(Fe_2O_3+3H_2\rightarrow2Fe+3H_2O\)
\(\dfrac{9}{28}\) \(\dfrac{3}{14}\)
\(\Rightarrow\Sigma n_{H_2}=\dfrac{12}{64}+\dfrac{9}{28}=\dfrac{57}{112}mol\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{H_2}=\dfrac{57}{112}\cdot22,4=11,4l\)
a) PTHH: \(Zn+H_2SO_4\rightarrow ZnSO_4+H_2\uparrow\) (1)
\(Mg+H_2SO_4\rightarrow MgSO_4+H_2\uparrow\) (2)
b) Vì H2SO4 chắc chắn còn dư nên tính theo mol của H2
Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{0,224}{22,4}=0,01\left(mol\right)\)
Gọi số mol của Zn là \(a\) \(\Rightarrow n_{H_2\left(1\right)}=a\left(mol\right)\)
Gọi số mol của Mg là \(b\) \(\Rightarrow n_{H_2\left(2\right)}=b\left(mol\right)\)
Ta lập được hệ phương trình:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a+b=0,01\\65a+24b=0,445\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,005\\b=0,005\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Zn}=0,005\cdot65=0,325\left(g\right)\\m_{Mg}=0,005\cdot24=0,12\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
PTHH Zn+ H2SO4--->ZnSO4 +H2
Mg+H2SO4----->MgSO4+H2
Đặt nZn=a,nMg=b
=>mhh=65a+24b=0,445(I)
Theo các phương trình phản ứng
=>\(n_{H_2}\)=a+b=\(\dfrac{0,224}{22,4}=0,01\)(II)
Từ(I),(II)=>a=b=0.005(mol)
=>mZn=0,005.65=0,325(g)
mMg=0,005.24=0.12(g)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ Fe+H_2SO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+H_2\\ n_{Fe}=n_{H_2}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ m_{Fe}=0,1.56=5,6\left(g\right)\\ \%m_{Fe}=\dfrac{5,6}{8}.100=70\%\\ \Rightarrow\%m_{Cu}=100\%-70\%=30\%\)
a) 2Mg + O2 --to--> 2MgO
4Al + 3O2 --to--> 2Al2O3
b) Gọi số mol Mg, Al là a, b
=> 24a + 27b = 7,8
\(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: 2Mg + O2 --to--> 2MgO
______a--->0,5a-------->a
4Al + 3O2 --to--> 2Al2O3
b-->0,75b------->0,5b
=> 0,5a + 0,75b = 0,2
=> a = 0,1 ; b = 0,2
=> mMg = 0,1.24 = 2,4 (g); mAl = 0,2.27 = 5,4 (g)
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%Mg=\dfrac{2,4}{7,8}.100\%=30,769\%\\\%Al=\dfrac{5,4}{7,8}.100\%=69,231\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
c) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{MgO}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\n_{Al_2O_3}=0,1\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{MgO}=0,1.40=4\left(g\right)\\m_{Al_2O_3}=0,1.102=10,2\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> m = 4 + 10,2 = 14,2 (g)
\(n_{Na}=\dfrac{4.6}{23}=0.2\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_K=\dfrac{3.9}{39}=0.1\left(mol\right)\)
\(Na+H_2O\rightarrow NaOH+\dfrac{1}{2}H_2\)
\(K+H_2O\rightarrow KOH+\dfrac{1}{2}H_2\)
\(V_{H_2}=\left(\dfrac{0.2}{2}+\dfrac{0.1}{2}\right)\cdot22.4=3.36\left(l\right)\)
\(m_{bazo}=0.2\cdot40+0.1\cdot56=13.6\left(g\right)\)
2Al+6HCl->2AlCl3+3H2
x----------------------------3\2x
Fe+2HCl->FeCl2+H2
y-------------------------y
=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}27x+56y=21,1\\3\backslash2x+y=\dfrac{14,56}{22,4}\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>x=0,268 mol
y=0,247 mol
=>%m Al=\(\dfrac{0,268.27}{21,1}\).100=34,2938%
=>%m Fe=100-34,2938=65,7062
giúp mình với huhu
`2Na+2H_2O->2NaOH+H_2`
x-----------------------------`1/2`x mol
`2K+2H_2O->2KOH+H_2`
y---------------------------`1/2` y mol
`n_(H_2)=(6,72)/(22,4)=0,3 mol`
Ta có phương trình :
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}23x+39y=9,3\\\dfrac{1}{2}x+\dfrac{1}{2}y=0,3\end{matrix}\right.\)
-> nghiệm vô lí
`#YBTran~`