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Ta có \(a^3+b^3+c^3-3abc=\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2-2ab-2bc-2ca\right)\)
Mà a+b+c=0 nên \(a^3+b^3+c^3=3abc\)
Ta có \(\frac{a^2+b^2+c^2}{2}.\frac{a^3+b^3+c^3}{3}=\frac{(a^2+b^2+c^2)3abc}{6}=\frac{(a^2+b^2+c^2)abc}{2}\)(1)
Ta có \(\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\left(a^3+b^3+c^3\right)=\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)3abc\)(2)
Bạn nhân vế trái của (2) ra rồi nhóm lại thì đc nhứ sau
\(=>2\left(a^5+b^5+c^5\right)-2abc\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)=\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)3abc\)
\(=>2\left(a^5+b^5+c^5\right)=5abc\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\)
\(=>\frac{a^5+b^5+c^5}{5}=\frac{abc(a^2+b^2+c^2)}{2}\)(3)
Từ (1)và (3)=> đpcm
Học tốt nha bạn !
Ta có
\(\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\left(a^3+b^3+c^3\right)=a^5+a^2b^3+a^2c^3+a^3b^2+b^5+b^2c^3+a^3c^2+b^3c^2+c^5\)
\(\Rightarrow a^5+b^5+c^5=\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\left(a^3+b^3+c^3\right)-a^2b^2\left(a+b\right)-b^2c^2\left(b+c\right)-a^2c^2\left(a+c\right)\)
Do a+b+c=0
=> a+b=-c; b+c=-a; a+c=-b
\(\Rightarrow a^5+b^5+c^5=\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\left(a^3+b^3+c^3\right)+a^2b^2c+ab^2c^2+a^2bc^2=\)
\(=\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\left(a^3+b^3+c^3\right)+abc\left(ab+bc+ac\right)=\)
\(=\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\left[\left(a+b\right)^3-3ab\left(a+b\right)+c^3\right]+abc\left(ab+bc+ac\right)=\)
\(=\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right).\left[\left(-c^3\right)-3ab.\left(-c\right)+c^3\right]+abc\left(ab+bc+ac\right)=\)
\(=\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right).3abc+abc\left(ab+bc+ab\right)=\)
\(=abc.\left[3\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)+ab+bc+ac\right]=\)
\(=abc\left[\dfrac{5}{2}.\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)+\dfrac{a^2+b^2+c^2+2ab+2bc+2ac}{2}\right]=\)
\(=abc.\left[\dfrac{5}{2}.\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)+\dfrac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{2}\right]=\)
\(=abc.\dfrac{5}{2}.\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a^5+b^5+c^5}{5}=abc.\dfrac{a^2+b^2+c^2}{2}\left(đpcm\right)\)
Ta có: a + b + c = 0
\(\Rightarrow\) (a + b + c)2 = 0
\(\Leftrightarrow\) a2 + b2 + c2 + 2ab + 2bc + 2ac = 0
\(\Leftrightarrow\) 2009 + 2(ab + bc + ac) = 0
\(\Leftrightarrow\) ab + bc + ac = \(\dfrac{-2009}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\) (ab + bc + ac)2 = \(\left(\dfrac{-2009}{2}\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\) a2b2 + b2c2 + a2c2 + 2abc(a + b + c) = \(\left(\dfrac{-2009}{2}\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\) a2b2 + b2c2 + c2a2 = \(\left(\dfrac{-2009}{2}\right)^2\) (Vì a + b + c = 0)
Lại có: a2 + b2 + c2 = 2009
\(\Rightarrow\) (a2 + b2 + c2)2 = 20092
\(\Leftrightarrow\) a4 + b4 + c4 + 2(a2b2 + b2c2 + c2a2) = 20092
\(\Leftrightarrow\) a4 + b4 + c4 + 2.\(\dfrac{2009^2}{4}\) = 20092
\(\Leftrightarrow\) a4 + b4 + c4 = 20092 - \(\dfrac{2009^2}{2}\) = 2018040,5
Chúc bn học tốt!
Chứng minh BĐT Phụ: \(a^5+b^5\ge a^4b+ab^4\)với \(a;b>0\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a^5+b^5}{ab\left(a+b\right)}\ge\frac{a^4b+ab^4}{ab\left(a+b\right)}=\frac{ab\left(a^3+b^3\right)}{ab\left(a+b\right)}=\frac{ab\left(a+b\right)\left(a^2-ab+b^2\right)}{ab\left(a+b\right)}=a^2-ab+b^2\)
Áp dụng ta có: \(VT\)(VẾ TRÁI)\(\ge2\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)-\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\) \(\left(1\right)\)
Xét: \(\left[2\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)-\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\right]-\left[3\left(ab+bc+ca\right)-2\right]\)
\(=2\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)-4\left(ab+bc+ca\right)+2\)
\(=4\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)-4\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\) (Do a2+b2+c2=1) \(\left(2\right)\)
Mà \(a^2+b^2+c^2\ge ab+bc+ca\) Tự chứng minh \(\left(3\right)\)
Từ (1);(2) và (3) suy ra \(VT\ge3\left(ab+bc+ca\right)-2\)
Vậy \(\frac{a^5+b^5}{ab\left(a+b\right)}+\frac{b^5+c^5}{bc\left(b+c\right)}+\frac{c^5+a^5}{ca\left(c+a\right)}\ge3\left(ab+bc+ca\right)-2\)
\(Ta có: \frac{{a^5 }}{{b^3 + c^2 }} + \frac{{\sqrt {a(b^3 + c^2 )} }}{{2\sqrt 2 }} + \frac{{\sqrt {a(b^3 + c^2 )} }}{{2\sqrt 2 }}\mathop \ge \frac{{3a^2 }}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow \frac{{a^5 }}{{b^3 + c^2 }} \ge \frac{{3a^2 }}{2} - (\frac{{\sqrt {a(b^3 + c^2 )} }}{{2\sqrt 2 }} + \frac{{\sqrt {a(b^3 + c^2 )} }}{{2\sqrt 2 }})\)
\(Do đó: \frac{{a^5 }}{{b^3 + c^2 }} \ge \frac{{3a^2 }}{2} - \frac{{\sqrt {2a(b^3 + c^2 )} }}{2}\mathop \ge \frac{{3a^2 }}{2} - \frac{{2a + b^3 + c^2 }}{4}\)
\(CMTT \frac{{b^5 }}{{c^3 + a^2 }}\mathop \ge \frac{{3b^2 }}{2} - \frac{{2b + c^3 + a^2 }}{4}\), \(\frac{{c^5}}{{a^3+b^2}}\mathop \ge \frac{{3c^2 }}{2} - \frac{{2c + a^3 + b^2 }}{4}\)
\(M \ge \frac{{3(a^2 + b^2 + c^2 )}}{2} + a^4 + b^4 + c^4 - \frac{{2(a + b + c) + (a^2 + b^2 + c^2 ) + (a^3 + b^3 + c^3 )}}{4}\)
\(M \ge \frac{9}{2} + a^4 + b^4 + c^4 - \frac{{2(a + b + c) + (a^2 + b^2 + c^2 ) + (a^3 + b^3 + c^3 )}}{4}\)
Áp dụng Bunhiacoopski ta có:
\(\sqrt {(a^4+b^4+c^4 )(a^2+b^2+c^2)}=\sqrt {(a^4 +b^4+ c^4 ).3}\ge a^3+b^3+c^3 \)
\(\sqrt {(a^4 + b^4 + c^4 )(1 + 1 + 1)} = \sqrt {(a^2 + b^2 + c^2 ).3} \ge a^2 + b^2 + c^2 \Leftrightarrow a^4 + b^4 + c^4 \ge 3\)
Ta có: \(3 = a^2 + b^2 + c^2 \ge \frac{{(a + b + c)^2 }}{3} \Leftrightarrow a^2 + b^2 + c^2 \ge a + b + c\)
\(Đặt t=x^4+y^4+z^4 (t \ge 3) cần CM để trở thành S \ge \frac{{4t - 9 - \sqrt {3t} }}{4}\ge 0\)
\(Ta có: S\ge \frac{{4t - 9 - \sqrt {3t} }}{4} = \frac{{3(t - 3) + \sqrt t (\sqrt t - \sqrt 3 )}}{4} \ge 0
\)
\(Do đó: M\geq \frac{9}{2}\)
Phần đầu mình thiếu nha
\(\frac{a^5}{b^3+c^2}+\frac{\sqrt{a\left(b^3+c^2\right)}}{2\sqrt{2}}+\frac{\sqrt{a\left(b^3+c^2\right)}}{2\sqrt{2}}\ge\frac{3a^2}{2}\)
=> \(\frac{a^5}{b^3+c^2}\ge\frac{3a^2}{2}-\left(\frac{\sqrt{a\left(b^3+c^2\right)}}{2\sqrt{2}}+\frac{\sqrt{a\left(b^3+c^2\right)}}{2\sqrt{2}}\right)\)
Do đó \(\frac{a^5}{b^3+c^2}\ge\frac{3a^2}{2}-\frac{\sqrt{2a\left(b^3+c^2\right)}}{2}\ge\frac{3a^2}{2}-\frac{\left(2a+b^3+b^2\right)}{4}\)
CMTT \(\frac{b^5}{c^3+a^2}\ge\frac{3b^2}{2}-\frac{\left(2b+c^3+a^2\right)}{4},\frac{c^5}{a^3+b^2}\ge\frac{3c^2}{2}-\frac{\left(2c+a^3+b^2\right)}{4}\)
Lời giải:
a) Thay $a+b=-c$ ta có:
\(a^5+b^5+c^5=(a^2+b^2+c^2)(a^3+b^3+c^3)-a^2b^2(a+b)-b^2c^2(b+c)-c^2a^2(c+a)\)
\(=(a^2+b^2+c^2)[(a+b)^3-3ab(a+b)+c^3]+a^2b^2c+b^2c^2a+c^2a^2b\)
\(=(a^2+b^2+c^2)(-c^3+3abc+c^3]+abc(ab+bc+ac)\)
\(=abc(3a^2+3b^2+3c^2+ab+bc+ac)\)
\(=abc.\left(\frac{5}{2}(a^2+b^2+c^2)+\frac{a^2+b^2+c^2+2ab+2bc+2ac}{2}\right)\)
\(=abc[\frac{5}{2}(a^2+b^2+c^2)+\frac{(a+b+c)^2}{2}]=\frac{5abc(a^2+b^2+c^2)}{2}\) (đpcm)
b) Áp dụng kết quả $a^3+b^3+c^3=3abc$ đã làm ở phần a và điều kiện đề bài $a+b+c=0$ ta có:
\(a^7+b^7+c^7=(a^4+b^4+c^4)(a^3+b^3+c^3)-a^3b^3(a+b)-b^3c^3(b+c)-c^3a^3(c+a)\)
\(=3abc(a^4+b^4+c^4)+a^3b^3c+b^3c^3a+c^3a^3b\)
\(=abc(3a^4+3b^4+3c^4+a^2b^2+b^2c^2+c^2a^2)(1)\)
Mà:
\(a^4+b^4+c^4=(a^2+b^2+c^2)^2-2(a^2b^2+b^2c^2+c^2a^2)\)
\(=[(a+b+c)^2-2(ab+bc+ac)]^2-2(a^2b^2+b^2c^2+c^2a^2)\)
\(=4(ab+bc+ac)^2-2a^2b^2-2b^2c^2-2c^2a^2=2(a^2b^2+b^2c^2+c^2a^2)+8abc(a+b+c)\)
\(=2(a^2b^2+b^2c^2+c^2a^2)\)
\(\Rightarrow \frac{a^4+b^4+c^4}{2}=a^2b^2+b^2c^2+c^2a^2(2)\)
Từ $(1);(2)\Rightarrow a^7+b^7+c^7=abc(3a^4+3b^4+3c^4+\frac{a^4+b^4+c^4}{2})=\frac{7abc(a^4+b^4+c^4)}{2}$ (đpcm)
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