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a, PT: \(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\)
\(FeO+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2O\)
b, Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{Al}=\dfrac{2}{3}n_{H_2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Al}=0,2.27=5,4\left(g\right)\)
⇒ mFeO = 12,6 - 5,4 = 7,2 (g)
c, Phần này đề cho dd NaOH dư hay vừa đủ bạn nhỉ?
d, Cho hh vào dd H2SO4 đặc nguội thì có khí thoát ra.
PT: \(2FeO+4H_2SO_{4\left(đ\right)}\rightarrow Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+SO_2+4H_2O\)
Ta có: \(n_{FeO}=\dfrac{7,2}{72}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{SO_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{FeO}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{SO_2}=0,05.22,4=1,12\left(l\right)\)
\(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{4,55}{65}=0,07(mol)\\ Zn+2HCl\to ZnCl_2+H_2\\ a,n_{HCl}=0,14(mol)\\ \Rightarrow C_{M_{HCl}}=\dfrac{0,14}{0,2}=0,7M\\ b,n_{H_2}=0,07(mol)\\ \Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,07.22,4=1,568(l)\\ c,n_{ZnCl_2}=0,07(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{ZnCl_2}=0,07.136=9,52(g)\\ c,ZnCl_2+2AgNO_3\to 2AgCl\downarrow+Zn(NO_3)_2\)
\(m_{dd_{ZnCl_2}}=200.0,8+4,55-0,07.2=164,41(g)\\ n_{AgCl}=0,14(mol);n_{Zn(NO_3)_2}=0,07(mol)\\ \Rightarrow C\%_{Zn(NO_3)_2}=\dfrac{0,07.189}{164,41+200-0,14.143,5}.100\%=3,84%\)
a)
Gọi $n_{Mg} = a ; n_{Al} = b \Rightarrow 24a + 27b = 5,1(1)$
$Mg + 2HCl \to MgCl_2 + H_2$
$2Al + 6HCl \to 2AlCl_3 + 3H_2$
Ta có :
$n_{H_2} = a + 1,5b = \dfrac{5,6}{22,4} = 0,25(2)$
Từ (1)(2) suy ra a = b = 0,1
$\%m_{Mg} = \dfrac{0,1.24}{5,1}.100\% =47,06\%$
$\%m_{Al} = 52,94\%$
b)
$n_{HCl} = 2n_{H_2} = 0,5(mol)$
$m_{dd\ HCl} = \dfrac{0,5.36,5}{10\%} = 182,5(gam)$
c)
$MgCl_2 + 2NaOH \to Mg(OH)_2 + 2NaCl$
$AlCl_3 + 3NaOH \to Al(OH)_3 + 3NaCl$
$Al(OH)_3 + NaOH \to NaAlO_2 + 2H_2O$
$n_{Mg(OH)_2} = a = 0,1(mol)$
$\Rightarrow m_{kết\ tủa} = 0,1.58 = 5,8(gam)$
Ta có:
\(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\) ; \(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\)
Đặt số mol Mg và Al lần lượt là a và b (a,b>0)
theo bài ra ta có hệ
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}24a+27b=5,1\\a+1,5b=\dfrac{5,6}{22,4}\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,1\\b=0,1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\%Mg=\dfrac{0,1\times24}{5,1}=47,06\%\Rightarrow\%Al=100\%-47,06\%=52,94\%\)
Theo PT có \(n_{HCl}=2n_{Mg}+3n_{Al}=2\times0,1+3\times0,1=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{HCl}=0,5\times36,5=18,25\left(g\right)\Rightarrow m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{18,25}{10\%}=182,5\left(g\right)\)
\(MgCl_2+2NaOH\rightarrow Mg\left(OH\right)_2\downarrow+2NaCl\)
\(AlCl_3+3NaOH\rightarrow Al\left(OH\right)_3\downarrow+3NaCl\)
+ Với NaOH vừa đủ
\(a=m_{Mg\left(OH\right)_2}+m_{Al\left(OH\right)_3}=0,1\times58+0,1\times78=13,6\left(g\right)\)
+ Với NaOH dư có thêm PT
\(Al\left(OH\right)_3+NaOH\rightarrow NaAlO_2+2H_2O\)
\(\Rightarrow a=m_{Mg\left(OH\right)_2}=0,1\times58=5,8\left(g\right)\)
\(a,2Al+3H_2SO_4\to Al_2(SO_4)_3+3H_2\\ b,n_{H_2}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3(mol)\\ \Rightarrow n_{Al}=0,2(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{Al}=0,2.27=5,4(g)\\ c,n_{H_2SO_4}=0,3(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{dd_{H_2SO_4}}=\dfrac{0,3.98}{9,8\%}=300(g)\\ d,n_{Al_2(SO_4)_3}=0,1(mol)\\ \Rightarrow C\%_{Al_2(SO_4)_3}=\dfrac{0,1.342}{5,4+300-0,3.2}.100\%=11,22\%\)
a) Fe + H2SO4 -----------> FeSO4 + H2
\(n_{Fe}=n_{H_2}=0,75\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(m_{Fe}=0,75.56=42\left(g\right)\)
b) \(CM_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,75}{0,25}=3M\)
c) \(m_{ddsaupu}=42+250.1,1-0,75.2=315,5\left(g\right)\)
=> \(C\%_{FeSO_4}=\dfrac{0,75.152}{315,5}.100=36,13\%\)
\(n_{SO_2}=\dfrac{16,8}{22,4}=0,75\left(mol\right)\)
\(PTHH:2Fe+6H_2SO_4\rightarrow Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3SO_2+6H_2O\)
Mol: 0,5 1,5 0,25 0,75 1,5
a)mFe=0,5.56=28 (g)
b)\(C_{MddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{1,5}{0,25}=6\left(mol/l\right)\)
c)\(m_{Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=0,25.400=100\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{H_2O}=1,5.18=27\left(g\right)\)
\(C\%_{ddFe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{100.100}{100+27}=78,74\%\)
a, PT: \(Na_2SO_3+2HCl\rightarrow2NaCl+SO_2+H_2O\)
Ta có: \(n_{Na_2SO_3}=\dfrac{12,6}{126}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{SO_2}=n_{Na_2SO_3}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{SO_2}=0,1.22,4=2,24\left(l\right)\)
b, Theo PT: \(n_{NaCl}=n_{HCl}=2n_{Na_2SO_3}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{NaCl}=0,2.58,5=11,7\left(g\right)\)
c, \(m_{HCl}=0,2.36,5=7,3\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{7,3}{10\%}=73\left(g\right)\)
d, Ta có: m dd sau pư = 12,6 + 73 - 0,1.64 = 79,2 (g)
\(\Rightarrow C\%_{NaCl}=\dfrac{11,7}{79,2}.100\%\approx14,77\%\)