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Sửa: \(32g\) oxit sắt
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{13,44}{22,4}=0,6(mol)\\ PTHH:Fe_xO_y+yH_2\to xFe+yH_2O\\ \Rightarrow y.n_{Fe_xO_y}=n_{H_2}=0,6(mol)\\ \Rightarrow \dfrac{32y}{56x+16y}=0,6\\ \Rightarrow 32y=33,6x+9,6y\\ \Rightarrow 33,6x=22,4y\\ \Rightarrow \dfrac{x}{y}=\dfrac{22,4}{33,6}=\dfrac{2}{3}\\ \Rightarrow x=2;y=3\)
Vậy CTHH là \(Fe_2O_3\)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{0,896}{22,4}=0,04\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Fe + 2HCl ---> FeCl2 + H2
0,04 <----------------------- 0,04
\(\rightarrow m_{Cu}=2,88-0,04.56=0,64\left(g\right)\\\rightarrow n_{Cu}=\dfrac{0,64}{64}=0,01\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{giảm}=m_{O\left(oxit\right)}=4-2,88=1,12\left(g\right)\\ \rightarrow n_O=\dfrac{1,12}{16}=0,07\left(mol\right)\)
\(\rightarrow n_{O\left(Fe_xO_y\right)}=0,07-0,01.1=0,06\left(mol\right)\)
CTHH FexOy
=> x : y = 0,04 : 0,06 = 2 : 3
CTHH Fe2O3
\(n_{CuO}=\dfrac{4}{80}=0,05mol\)
\(CuO+CO\underrightarrow{t^o}Cu+CO_2\)
\(Fe_xO_y+yCO\underrightarrow{t^o}xFe+yCO_2\)
Chất rắn sau phản ứng thu đc cho tác dụng với HCl chỉ có Fe tác dụng.
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{0,896}{22,4}=0,04mol\)
\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)
0,04 0,08 0,04 0,04
\(m_{Cu}=2,88-0,04\cdot56=0,64g\Rightarrow n_{CuO}=n_{Cu}=0,01mol\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Fe_xO_y}=4-0,01\cdot80=3,2g\)
\(n_{Fe_xO_y}=\dfrac{1}{x}n_{Fe}=\dfrac{0,04}{x}\)
\(M=\dfrac{3,2}{\dfrac{0,04}{x}}=80x\)
Nhận thấy \(x=2\Rightarrow Fe_2O_3\)
\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{8,4}{56}=0,15\left(mol\right)\\ n_O=\dfrac{11,6-0,15}{16}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
CTHH: FexOy
\(\rightarrow x:y=n_{Fe}:n_O=0,15:0,2=3:4\)
CTHH: Fe3O4
PTHH: Fe3O4 + 4H2 --to--> 3Fe + 4H2O
0,2 0,15
=> VH2 = 0,2.22,4 = 4,48 (l)
\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{8,4}{56}=0,15mol\)
\(n_{Fe_xO_y}=\dfrac{11,6}{56x+16y}\) mol
\(Fe_xO_y+yH_2\rightarrow\left(t^p\right)xFe+yH_2O\)
\(\dfrac{11,6}{56x+16y}\) \(\dfrac{11,6x}{56x+16y}\) ( mol )
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{11,6x}{56x+16y}=0,15\)
\(\Leftrightarrow11,6x=8,4x+2,4y\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3,2x=2,4y\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4x=3y\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=3;y=4\)
\(\Rightarrow CTHH:Fe_3O_4\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{H_2}=0,15.4:3=0,2mol\)
\(V_{H_2}=0,2.22,4=4,48l\)
Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{7,392}{22,4}=0,33\left(mol\right)\)
Gọi: nH2 (pư) = a (mol) ⇒ nH2 (dư) = 10%a (mol)
⇒ a + 10%a = 0,33
⇒ a = 0,3 (mol)
Có: \(H_2+O_{\left(trongoxit\right)}\rightarrow H_2O\)
⇒ nO (trong oxit) = 0,3 (mol)
\(\Rightarrow n_{Fe}=\dfrac{16-m_{O\left(trongoxit\right)}}{56}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{x}{y}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,3}=\dfrac{2}{3}\)
Vậy: CTHH cần tìm là Fe2O3.
Gọi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{CuO}=a\left(mol\right)\\n_{Fe_xO_y}=a\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> 80a + 56ax + 16ay = 2,4 (1)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{0,448}{22,4}=0,02\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: CuO + H2 --to--> Cu + H2O
FexOy + yH2 --to--> xFe + yH2O
a---------------->ax
Fe + 2HCl --> FeCl2 + H2
ax--------------------->ax
=> \(ax=0,02\left(mol\right)\)
=> a = \(\dfrac{0,02}{x}\)
Thay vào (1)
\(80.\dfrac{0,02}{x}+56.0,02+\dfrac{16.0,02y}{x}=2,4\)
=> \(\dfrac{1,6}{x}+\dfrac{0,32y}{x}=1,28\)
=> 1,28x = 0,32y + 1,6
Chọn x = 2; y = 3 thỏa mãn
=> CTHH: Fe2O3
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{4.48}{22.4}=0.2\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{Fe}=n_{H_2}=0.2\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{Cu}=m_{hh}-m_{Fe}=17.6-0.2\cdot56=6.4\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{Cu}=\dfrac{6.4}{64}=0.1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{CuO}=0.1\cdot80=8\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{Fe_xO_y}=m_{hh}-m_{CuO}=24-8=16\left(g\right)\)
\(M_{Fe_xO_y}=\dfrac{16}{\dfrac{0.2}{x}}=80x\left(đvc\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow56x+16y=80x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow24x=16y\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{x}{y}=\dfrac{16}{24}=\dfrac{2}{3}\)
\(CT:Fe_2O_3\)
\(Fe + 2HCl \to FeCl_2 + H_2\\ n_{Fe} = n_{H_2} = \dfrac{4,48}{22,4} = 0,2\ mol\\ \Rightarrow n_{Cu} = \dfrac{17,6-0,2.56}{64} = 0,1\ mol\)
BTNT với Fe,Cu
\(n_{CuO} = n_{Cu} = 0,1\ mol\\ n_{Fe_xO_y} = \dfrac{n_{Fe}}{x} = \dfrac{0,2}{x}mol\)
Suy ra ;
\(0,1.80 + \dfrac{0,2}{x}.(56x+16y) = 24\\ \Rightarrow \dfrac{x}{y} = \dfrac{2}{3}\)
Vậy oxit sắt cần tìm : Fe2O3
mgiảm = mO(oxit) = 4.8 (g)
nO = 4.8/16 = 0.3 (mol)
nFexOy = 0.3/y (mol)
MFexOy = 16/0.3/y = 160y/3 (g/mol)
=> 56x + 16y = 160y/3
=> 56x = 112y/3
=> x / y = 2 / 3
CT : Fe2O3
\(n_{H_2\left(đktc\right)}=\dfrac{V}{22,4}=\dfrac{17,92}{22,4}=0,8\left(mol\right)\)
\(yH_2+Fe_xO_y\rightarrow^{t^0}yH_2O+xFe\)
y : 1 (mol)
0,8 : \(\dfrac{0,8}{y}\) (mol)
\(\Rightarrow M_{Fe_xO_y}=\dfrac{m}{n}=\dfrac{46,4}{\dfrac{0,8}{y}}=58y\) (g/mol)
\(\Rightarrow56x+16y=58y\)
\(\Rightarrow56x=42y\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{x}{y}=\dfrac{42}{56}=\dfrac{3}{4}\Rightarrow x=3;y=4\)
-CTHH của oxit sắt là Fe3O4