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Giả sử các khí được đo ở điều kiện sao cho 1 mol khí chiếm thể tích 1 lít
Gọi số mol CH4, C2H6 là a, b (mol)
=> \(a+b=\dfrac{25}{1}=25\left(mol\right)\) (1)
\(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{95}{1}=95\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: CH4 + 2O2 --to--> CO2 + 2H2O
a---->2a---------->a
2C2H6 + 7O2 --to--> 4CO2 + 6H2O
b------>3,5b-------->2b
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{O_2\left(dư\right)}=95-2a-3,5b\left(mol\right)\\n_{CO_2}=a+2b\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> \(95-a-1,5b=\dfrac{60}{1}=60\)
=> a + 1,5b = 35 (2)
(1)(2) => a = 5; b = 20
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%V_{CH_4}=\dfrac{5}{25}.100\%=20\%\\\%V_{C_2H_6}=\dfrac{20}{25}.100\%=80\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\overline{M}_A=\dfrac{5.16+20.30}{5+20}=27,2\left(g/mol\right)\)
\(\overline{M}_B=20,5.2=41\left(g/mol\right)\)
=> \(d_{A/B}=\dfrac{27,2}{41}\approx0,663\)
Gọi số mol O2, CO2 là a, b
Có: \(\overline{M}=\dfrac{32a+44b}{a+b}=19,5.2=39\)
=> \(a=\dfrac{5}{7}b\)
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%V_{O_2}=\dfrac{a}{a+b}.100\%=\dfrac{\dfrac{5}{7}b}{\dfrac{5}{7}b+b}.100\%=41,67\%\\\%V_{CO_2}=\dfrac{b}{a+b}.100\%=\dfrac{b}{\dfrac{5}{7}b+b}.100\%=58,33\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{O_2}=\dfrac{32a}{32a+44b}.100\%=34,188\%\\\%m_{CO_2}=\dfrac{44b}{32a+44b}.100\%=65,812\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
thay a = \(\dfrac{5}{7}b\) thôi bn :)
\(\%m_{O_2}=\dfrac{32a}{32a+44b}.100\%=\dfrac{32.\dfrac{5}{7}b}{32.\dfrac{5}{7}b+44b}.100\%=34,188\%\)
a) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Cl_2}+n_{O_2}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3\\\overline{M}=\dfrac{71.n_{Cl_2}+32.n_{O_2}}{n_{Cl_2}+n_{O_2}}=2.29=58\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Cl_2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\n_{O_2}=0,1\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%V_{Cl_2}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,3}.100\%=66,67\%\\\%V_{O_2}=\dfrac{0,1}{0,3}.100\%=33,33\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
b) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Cl_2}=0,2.71=14,2\left(g\right)\\m_{O_2}=0,1.32=3,2\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
a) Ta có: \(\overline{M}=12\cdot2=24\)
Theo phương pháp đường chéo: \(n_{CH_4}=n_{O_2}\) \(\Rightarrow\%V_{CH_4}=\%V_{O_2}=50\%\)
Giả sử \(n_{O_2}=n_{CH_4}=1\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{O_2}=\dfrac{32}{32+16}\cdot100\%\approx66,67\%\\\%m_{CH_4}=33,33\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
b) Ta có: \(n_{O_2}=n_{CH_4}=\dfrac{\dfrac{16,8}{22,4}}{2}=0,375\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: \(CH_4+3O_2\xrightarrow[]{t^o}CO_2+2H_2O\)
Theo PTHH: \(n_{CO_2}=n_{CH_4}=0,375\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow d_{hh/CH_4}=\dfrac{44\cdot0,375+32\cdot0,375}{16}=1,78125\)
a) Gọi số mol CH4, O2 là a, b (mol)
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a+b=\dfrac{8,96}{22,4}=0,4\\M=\dfrac{16a+32b}{a+b}=1.28=28\left(g/mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> a = 0,1 (mol); b = 0,3 (mol)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%V_{CH_4}=\dfrac{0,1}{0,4}.100\%=25\%\\\%V_{O_2}=\dfrac{0,3}{0,4}.100\%=75\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
b)
PTHH: CH4 + 2O2 --to--> CO2 + 2H2O
Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,1}{1}< \dfrac{0,3}{2}\) => CH4 hết, O2 dư
PTHH: CH4 + 2O2 --to--> CO2 + 2H2O
0,1--->0,2-------->0,1
=> VCO2 = 0,1.22,4 = 2,24 (l)
=> VO2(dư) = (0,3 - 0,2).22,4 = 2,24 (l)
=> Vkhí = 2,24 + 2,24 = 4,48 (l)
Giả sử có 1 mol khí Cl2, 2 mol khí O2
a) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%V_{Cl_2}=\dfrac{1}{1+2}.100\%=33,33\%\\\%V_{O_2}=\dfrac{2}{1+2}.100\%=66,67\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Cl_2}=\dfrac{1.71}{1.71+2.32}.100\%=52,59\%\\\%m_{O_2}=\dfrac{2.32}{1.71+2.32}.100\%=47,41\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
b) \(\overline{M}=\dfrac{1.71+2.32}{1+2}=45\left(g/mol\right)\)
=> \(d_{A/H_2}=\dfrac{45}{2}=22,5\)
c) \(n_A=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
=> mA = 0,3.45 = 13,5 (g)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Cl_2}+n_{O_2}=\dfrac{8,96}{22,4}=0,4\left(mol\right)\\\dfrac{n_{Cl_2}}{n_{O_2}}=\dfrac{1}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Cl_2}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\n_{O_2}=0,3\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Cl_2}=0,1.71=7,1\left(g\right)\\m_{O_2}=0,3.32=9,6\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> mhh = 7,1 + 9,6 = 16,7(g)
Đặt $n_{Cl_2}=x(mol)\Rightarrow n_{O_2}=3x(mol)$
Mà $n_{hh}=n_{Cl_2}+n_{O_2}=\dfrac{8,96}{22,4}=0,4$
$\Rightarrow x+3x=0,4\Rightarrow x=0,1$
$\Rightarrow m_{Cl_2}=0,1.71=7,1(g);m_{O_2}=3.0,1.32=9,6(g)$
$\Rightarrow m_{hh}=7,1+9,6=16,7(g)$
a. Gọi x, y lần lượt là số mol của CH4 và CO2
Ta có: \(n_A=\dfrac{8,96}{22,4}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
Theo đề, ta có:
- x + y = 0,4 (1)
- 16x + 44y = 9,2 (2)
Từ (1) và (2), ta có HPT:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y=0,4\\16x+44y=9,2\end{matrix}\right.\)
Giải ra, ta được:
x = 0,3, y = 0,1
=> \(m_{CH_4}=0,3.16=4,8\left(g\right);m_{CO_2}=0,1.44=4,4\left(g\right)\)
b. Ta có: \(\overline{M_A}=\dfrac{4,8+4,4}{0,3+0,1}=23\left(g\right)\)
=> \(d_{\dfrac{A}{O_2}}=\dfrac{\overline{M_A}}{M_{O_2}}=\dfrac{23}{32}=0,71875\left(lần\right)\)