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a)
2Mg + O2 --to--> 2MgO
2Zn + O2 --to--> 2ZnO
b)
Gọi số mol Mg, Zn là a, b (mol)
=> 24a + 65b = 23,3 (1)
PTHH: 2Mg + O2 --to--> 2MgO
a-->0,5a------>a
2Zn + O2 --to--> 2ZnO
b-->0,5b------>b
=> 40a + 81b = 36,1 (2)
(1)(2) => a = 0,7 (mol); b = 0,1 (mol)
\(n_{O_2}=0,5a+0,5b=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(V_{O_2}=0,4.22,4=8,96\left(l\right)\)
c)
mMg = 0,7.24 = 16,8 (g)
mZn = 0,1.65 = 6,5 (g)
Theo ĐLBT KL, có: mKL + mO2 = m oxit
⇒ mO2 = 28,4 - 15,6 = 12,8 (g)
\(\Rightarrow n_{O_2}=\dfrac{12,8}{32}=0,4\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow V_{O_2}=0,4.22,4=8,96\left(l\right)\)
a) 2Mg + O2 --to--> 2MgO
4Al + 3O2 --to--> 2Al2O3
b) Gọi số mol Mg, Al là a, b
=> 24a + 27b = 7,8
\(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: 2Mg + O2 --to--> 2MgO
______a--->0,5a-------->a
4Al + 3O2 --to--> 2Al2O3
b-->0,75b------->0,5b
=> 0,5a + 0,75b = 0,2
=> a = 0,1 ; b = 0,2
=> mMg = 0,1.24 = 2,4 (g); mAl = 0,2.27 = 5,4 (g)
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%Mg=\dfrac{2,4}{7,8}.100\%=30,769\%\\\%Al=\dfrac{5,4}{7,8}.100\%=69,231\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
c) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{MgO}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\n_{Al_2O_3}=0,1\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{MgO}=0,1.40=4\left(g\right)\\m_{Al_2O_3}=0,1.102=10,2\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> m = 4 + 10,2 = 14,2 (g)
\(m_{tăng}=m_{O_2}=7.2\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{7.2}{32}=0.225\left(mol\right)\)
\(V_{kk}=5V_{O_2}=5\cdot0.225\cdot22.4=25.2\left(l\right)\)
\(Đặt:n_{Mg}a\left(mol\right),n_{Cu}=b\left(mol\right),n_{Al}=c\left(mol\right)\)
\(Mg+\dfrac{1}{2}O_2\underrightarrow{t^0}MgO\)
\(Cu+\dfrac{1}{2}O_2\underrightarrow{t^0}CuO\)
\(4Al+3O_2\underrightarrow{t^0}2Al_2O_3\)
\(TC:n_{O_2}=0.5a=0.5b=0.75c=\dfrac{0.225}{3}=0.075\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0.15\\b=0.15\\c=0.1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Mg}=0.15\cdot24=3.6\left(g\right)\\m_{Cu}=0.15\cdot64=9.6\left(g\right)\\m_{Al}=0.1\cdot27=2.7\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Gọi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Mg}=x\left(mol\right)\\x_{Ca}=y\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}24x+40y=17,6\\x=2y\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,4\\y=0,2\end{matrix}\right.\)
a)\(m_{Mg}=0,4\cdot24=9,6g\)
\(m_{Ca}=0,2\cdot40=8g\)
b)\(2Mg+O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2MgO\)
\(2Ca+O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2CaO\)
Từ hai pt: \(\Rightarrow\Sigma n_{O_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{Mg}+\dfrac{1}{2}n_{Ca}=\dfrac{1}{2}\cdot0,4+\dfrac{1}{2}\cdot0,2=0,3mol\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{O_2}=0,3\cdot32=9,6g\)
\(V_{O_2}=0,3\cdot22,4=6,72l\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{kk}=5V_{O_2}=5\cdot6,72=33,6l\)
a)
Có \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}24.n_{Mg}+40.n_{Ca}=17,6\\n_{Mg}=2.n_{Ca}\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Ca}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\n_{Mg}=0,4\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Ca}=0,2.40=8\left(g\right)\\m_{Mg}=0,4.24=9,6\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
b)
PTHH: 2Ca + O2 --to--> 2CaO
0,2-->0,1
2Mg + O2 --to--> 2MgO
0,4--->0,2
=> \(V_{O_2}=\left(0,1+0,2\right).22,4=6,72\left(l\right)\)
\(V_{kk}=6,72.5=33,6\left(l\right)\)
a, \(2Mg+O_2\underrightarrow{^{t^o}}2MgO\)
\(n_{MgO}=\dfrac{2}{40}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{MgO}=0,025\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow V_{O_2}=0,025.22,4=0,56\left(l\right)\)
b, Có lẽ đề cho oxi tác dụng với hidro chứ không phải oxit bạn nhỉ?
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3,36}{22,4}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
PT: \(2H_2+O_2\underrightarrow{^{t^o}}2H_2O\)
Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,15}{2}>\dfrac{0,025}{1}\), ta được H2 dư.
THeo PT: \(n_{H_2O}=2n_{O_2}=0,05\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{H_2O}=0,05.18=0,9\left(g\right)\)
a. Ag không phản ứng nên ta có PTHH: \(2Mg+O_2\rightarrow^{t^o}2MgO\)
\(\rightarrow m_{O_2}=m_{hh}-m_{\mu\text{ối}}=18,8-15,6=3,2g\)
\(\rightarrow n_{O_2}=\frac{3,2}{32}=0,1mol\)
b. \(\rightarrow V_{O_2}=n.22,4=22,4.0,1=2,24l\)
\(\rightarrow V_{kk}=4,48.5=11,2l\)
c. Có \(n_{Mg}=2n_{O_2}=0,2l\)
\(\rightarrow m_{Mg}=0,2.24=4,8g\)
\(\rightarrow\%m_{Mg}=\frac{4,8.100}{15,6}\approx30,77\%\)
\(\rightarrow\%m_{Ag}=100\%-30,77\%=69,23\%\)
Gọi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Al}=x\left(mol\right)\\n_{Fe}=y\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(4Al+3O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2Al_2O_3\)
\(3Fe+2O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}Fe_3O_4\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}27x+56y=22,2\\\dfrac{1}{2}x\cdot102+\dfrac{1}{3}y\cdot232=33,4\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,2\\y=0,3\end{matrix}\right.\)
a)\(\%m_{Al}=\dfrac{0,2\cdot27}{22,2}\cdot100\%=24,32\%\)
\(\%m_{Fe}=100\%-24,32\%=75,68\%\)
b)Theo hai pt trên:
\(\Rightarrow n_{O_2}=\dfrac{3}{4}n_{Al}+\dfrac{2}{3}n_{Fe}=\dfrac{3}{4}\cdot0,2+\dfrac{2}{3}\cdot0,3=0,35mol\)
\(H=80\%\Rightarrow n_{O_2}=80\%\cdot0,35=0,28mol\)
\(2KClO_3\underrightarrow{t^o}2KCl+3O_2\uparrow\)
\(\dfrac{14}{75}\) 0,28
\(m_{KClO_3}=\dfrac{14}{75}\cdot122,5=22,87g\)
THAM KHẢO:
Gọi số mol Mg và Zn lần lượt là x, y
Ta có 24x + 65y=23.3
40x + 81y=36.1
=) x=0.7
y= 0.1
b)
c)
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