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Bài 1:
a: \(M=3\left[\left(x+y\right)^2-2xy\right]-\left[\left(x+y\right)^3-3xy\left(x+y\right)\right]+1\)
\(=3\left(4-2xy\right)-\left[8-6xy\right]+1\)
\(=12-6xy-8+6xy+1=5\)
b: \(N=\left(2x-y\right)^3+3\left(2x-y\right)^2+3\left(2x-y\right)+11\)
\(=9^3+3\cdot9^2+3\cdot9+11\)
=729+243+27+11
=729+270+11=1010
\(P=\left(2x-y\right)^3+3\left(2x-y\right)+12x^2+3y^2+11\)
\(=9^3+3\cdot9+3\left(4x^2+y^2\right)+11\)
\(=119+3\left[4x^2+y^2+4xy-4xy\right]\)
\(=119+3\cdot\left[\left(2x-y\right)^2+4xy\right]\)
\(=119+3\cdot\left[9^2+4xy\right]\)
\(=119+243+12xy\)
\(=362+12xy\)
\(...=A=x^3-3x^2+3x-1+1013\)
\(A=\left(x-1\right)^3+1013=\left(11-1\right)^3+1013=1000+1013=2013\)
\(...B=x^3-6x^2+12x-8-100\)
\(B=\left(x-2\right)^3-100=\left(12-2\right)^3-100=1000-100=900\)
\(...C=\left(x-2y\right)^3=\left(-2y-2y\right)^3=\left(-4y\right)^3=-64y^3\)
\(...D=x^3+9x^2+27x+9+2018\)
\(D=\left(x+3\right)^3+2018=\left(-23+3\right)^3+2018=-8000+2018=-5982\)
a) \(A=x^3-3x^2+3x+1012\)
\(A=x^3-3\cdot x^2\cdot1+3\cdot x\cdot1^2-1+1013\)
\(A=\left(x-1\right)^3+1013\)
Thay x=11 vào A ta có:
\(A=\left(11-1\right)^3+1013=10^3+1013=1000+1013=2013\)
b) \(B=x^3-6x^2+12x-108\)
\(B=x^3-3\cdot2\cdot x^2+3\cdot2^2\cdot x-8-100\)
\(B=\left(x-2\right)^3-100\)
Thay x=12 vào B ta có:
\(B=\left(12-2\right)^3-100=10^3-100=1000-100=900\)
c) \(C=x^3+6x^2y+12xy^2+8y^3\)
\(C=x^3+3\cdot2y\cdot x^2+3\cdot\left(2y\right)^2\cdot x+\left(2y\right)^3\)
\(C=\left(x+2y\right)^3\)
Thay x=-2y vào C ta được:
\(C=\left(-2y+2y\right)^3=0^3=0\)
d) \(D=x^3+9x^2+27x+2027\)
\(D=x^3+3\cdot3\cdot x^2+3\cdot3^2\cdot x+27+2000\)
\(D=\left(x+3\right)^3+2000\)
Thay x=-23 vào D ta có:
\(D=\left(-23+3\right)^3+2000=\left(-20\right)^3+2000=-8000+2000=-6000\)
\(\left(2x-y\right)^3=\left(2x\right)^3-3\left(2x\right)^2y+3\cdot2x\cdot y^2-y^3\\ =8x^3-12x^2y+6xy^2-y^3\)
Chọn \(12x^2y\)
`8x^3 - 12x^{2} y + 6xy^2 - y^3 + 12x^2 - 12xy + 3y^2 + 11`
`=(8x^3 - 12x^{2}y + 6xy^{2} - y^{3}) + 3(4x^2 - 4xy + y^2) + 11`
`=(2x-y)^{3} + 3(2x-y)^2 + 11`
Thay `2x-y=9` vào `:`
`9^3 + 3 . 9^2 + 11`
`=729 + 243 + 11`
`=983`
A=8x^3-12x^2y+6xy^2-y^3+12x^2-12xy+3y^2+11
=(2x-y)^3+4(2x-y)^2+11
Khi 2x-y=9 thì A=9^3+4*9^2+11
=1064