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Bài 1
\(M=\dfrac{2x+y+z-15}{x}+\dfrac{x+2y+z-15}{y}+\dfrac{x+y+2z-15}{z}\)
\(M=\dfrac{x+12-15}{x}+\dfrac{y+12-15}{y}+\dfrac{z+12-15}{z}\)
\(M=\dfrac{x-3}{x}+\dfrac{y-3}{y}+\dfrac{z-3}{z}\)
\(M=1-\dfrac{3}{x}+1-\dfrac{3}{y}+1-\dfrac{3}{z}\)
\(M=3-\left(\dfrac{3}{x}+\dfrac{3}{y}+\dfrac{3}{z}\right)\)
\(M=3-3\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}\right)\)
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Cauchy - Schwarz dạng phân thức
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}\ge\dfrac{\left(1+1+1\right)^2}{x+y+z}=\dfrac{9}{x+y+z}=\dfrac{3}{4}\)
\(\Rightarrow3\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}\right)\ge\dfrac{9}{4}\)
\(\Rightarrow3-3\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}\right)\le\dfrac{3}{4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow M\le\dfrac{3}{4}\)
Vậy \(M_{max}=\dfrac{3}{4}\)
Dấu " = " xảy ra khi \(x=y=z=4\)
Bài 2
\(P=\dfrac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{30\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}+\dfrac{a^3+b^3+c^3}{4abc}-\dfrac{131\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}{60\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}\)
Xét \(\dfrac{a^3+b^3+c^3}{4abc}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ca\right)+3abc}{4abc}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ca\right)}{4abc}+\dfrac{3}{4}\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{bc}+\dfrac{1}{ca}+\dfrac{1}{ab}\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ca\right)+\dfrac{3}{4}\)
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Cauchy - Schwarz dạng phân thức
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{ab}+\dfrac{1}{bc}+\dfrac{1}{ca}\ge\dfrac{\left(1+1+1\right)^2}{ab+bc+ca}=\dfrac{9}{ab+bc+ca}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{bc}+\dfrac{1}{ca}+\dfrac{1}{ab}\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ca\right)+\dfrac{3}{4}\ge\dfrac{9\left(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ca\right)}{4\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}+\dfrac{3}{4}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{bc}+\dfrac{1}{ca}+\dfrac{1}{ab}\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ca\right)+\dfrac{3}{4}\ge\dfrac{9\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)-9\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}{4\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}+\dfrac{3}{4}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{bc}+\dfrac{1}{ca}+\dfrac{1}{ab}\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ca\right)+\dfrac{3}{4}\ge\dfrac{9\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}{4\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}-\dfrac{9}{4}+\dfrac{3}{4}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{bc}+\dfrac{1}{ca}+\dfrac{1}{ab}\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ca\right)+\dfrac{3}{4}\ge\dfrac{9\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}{4\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}-\dfrac{3}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a^3+b^3+c^3}{4abc}\ge\dfrac{9\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}{4\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}-\dfrac{3}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a^3+b^3+c^3}{4abc}-\dfrac{131\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}{60\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}\ge\dfrac{9\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}{4\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}-\dfrac{131\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}{60\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}-\dfrac{3}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a^3+b^3+c^3}{4abc}-\dfrac{131\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}{60\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}\ge\dfrac{a^2+b^2+c^2}{15\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}-\dfrac{3}{2}\) (1)
Xét \(\dfrac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{30\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{a^2+b^2+c^2+2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}{30\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{30}+\dfrac{ab+bc+ca}{15\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}\) (2)
Cộng (1) và (2) theo từng vế
\(P\ge\dfrac{a^2+b^2+c^2}{15\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}+\dfrac{ab+bc+ca}{15\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}-\dfrac{22}{15}\)
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Cauchy - Schwarz
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a^2+b^2+c^2}{15\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}+\dfrac{ab+bc+ca}{15\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}{225\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a^2+b^2+c^2}{15\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}+\dfrac{ab+bc+ca}{15\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{1}{225}}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a^2+b^2+c^2}{15\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}+\dfrac{ab+bc+ca}{15\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}\ge\dfrac{2}{15}\)
\(P\ge\dfrac{a^2+b^2+c^2}{15\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}+\dfrac{ab+bc+ca}{15\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}-\dfrac{22}{15}\ge\dfrac{2}{15}-\dfrac{22}{15}=-\dfrac{4}{3}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow P\ge-\dfrac{4}{3}\)
Vậy \(P_{min}=\dfrac{-4}{3}\)
Dấu " = " xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=1\)
Bài 1
\(M=\dfrac{2x+y+z-15}{x}+\dfrac{x+2y+z-15}{y}+\dfrac{x+y+2z-15}{z}\)
\(x^2-5x+1=m-2\sqrt{6+5x-x^2}\) (đk: \(x\in\left[-1;6\right]\))
\(\Leftrightarrow7-\left(6+5x-x^2\right)=m-2\sqrt{6+5x-x^2}\)
\(Đặt \) \(a=\sqrt{6+5x-x^2}\left(a\ge0\right)\)
(bình phương cái vừa đặt lên, tìm được \(\Delta_x=49-4a^2\) nên với mỗi \(a\in\left[0;\dfrac{7}{2}\right]\backslash\left\{\dfrac{7}{2}\right\}\) sẽ có 2 nghiệm x phân biệt)
pttt: \(7-a^2=m-2a\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2-2a-7=-m\) (*)
BBT \(f\left(x\right)=a^2-2a-7\) với \(a\in\left[0;\dfrac{7}{2}\right]\backslash\left\{\dfrac{7}{2}\right\}\)
nên để pt ban đầu có 2 nghiệm x phân biệt <=>pt (*) có 1 nghiệm <=> \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}-m=-8\\-7< -m< \dfrac{7}{4}\end{matrix}\right.\) hay \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}m=8\\\dfrac{7}{4}< m< 7\end{matrix}\right.\)
Ý A
\(f\left(a\right)=a^2-2a-7\) chứ không phải f(x) đâu nha
1:
c: =>1/3x+2/3-x+1>x+3
=>-2/3x+5/3-x-3>0
=>-5/3x-4/3>0
=>-5x-4>0
=>x<-4/5
d: =>3/2x+5/2-1<=1/3x+2/3+x
=>3/2x+3/2<=4/3x+2/3
=>1/6x<=2/3-3/2=-5/6
=>x<=-5
2:
2: \(-4x^2+5x-2\)
\(=-4\left(x^2-\dfrac{5}{4}x+\dfrac{1}{2}\right)\)
\(=-4\left(x^2-2\cdot x\cdot\dfrac{5}{8}+\dfrac{25}{64}+\dfrac{7}{64}\right)\)
\(=-4\left(x-\dfrac{5}{8}\right)^2-\dfrac{7}{16}< =-\dfrac{7}{16}< 0\forall x\)
Sửa đề:\(f\left(x\right)=\dfrac{-x^2+4\left(m+1\right)x+1-4m^2}{-4x^2+5x-2}\)
Để f(x)>0 với mọi x thì \(\dfrac{-x^2+4\left(m+1\right)x+1-4m^2}{-4x^2+5x-2}>0\forall x\)
=>\(-x^2+4\left(m+1\right)x+1-4m^2< 0\forall x\)(1)
\(\text{Δ}=\left[\left(4m+4\right)\right]^2-4\cdot\left(-1\right)\left(1-4m^2\right)\)
\(=16m^2+32m+16+4\left(1-4m^2\right)\)
\(=32m+20\)
Để BĐT(1) luôn đúng với mọi x thì \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\text{Δ}< 0\\a< 0\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}32m+20< 0\\-1< 0\left(đúng\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>32m+20<0
=>32m<-20
=>\(m< -\dfrac{5}{8}\)
2.
b, \(-4< \dfrac{2x^2+mx-4}{-x^2+x-1}< 6\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}-4< \dfrac{2x^2+mx-4}{-x^2+x-1}\left(1\right)\\\dfrac{2x^2+mx-4}{-x^2+x-1}< 6\left(2\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\left(1\right)\Leftrightarrow4\left(x^2-x+1\right)>2x^2+mx-4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x^2-\left(m+4\right)x+8>0\)
Yêu cầu bài toán thỏa mãn khi \(\Delta=m^2+8m-48< 0\Leftrightarrow-12< m< 4\)
\(\left(2\right)\Leftrightarrow-6\left(x^2-x+1\right)< 2x^2+mx-4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow8x^2+\left(m-6\right)x+2>0\)
Yêu cầu bài toán thỏa mãn khi \(\Delta=m^2-12m-28< 0\Leftrightarrow-2< x< 14\)
Vậy \(m\in\left(-2;4\right)\)
2.
a, Yêu cầu bài toán thỏa mãn khi phương trình \(\left(m-4\right)x^2+\left(1+m\right)x+2m-1>0\) có nghiệm đúng với mọi x
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m-4>0\\\Delta=m^2+2m+1-4\left(m-4\right)\left(2m-1\right)< 0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m>4\\\left[{}\begin{matrix}m< \dfrac{3}{7}\\m>5\end{matrix}\right.\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow m>5\)
c) \(h\left(x\right)=\left(x+1\right)^2+\left(\dfrac{x^2+2x+2}{x+1}\right)^2=\left(x+1\right)^2+\left(x+1+\dfrac{1}{x+1}\right)^2=2\left(x+1\right)^2+\dfrac{1}{\left(x+1\right)^2}+2\ge_{AM-GM}2\sqrt{2}+2\).
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi \(2\left(x+1\right)^2=\dfrac{1}{\left(x+1\right)^2}\Leftrightarrow x=\pm\sqrt{\dfrac{1}{2}}-1\).
b) \(g\left(x\right)=\dfrac{\left(x+2\right)\left(x+3\right)}{x}=\dfrac{x^2+5x+6}{x}=\left(x+\dfrac{6}{x}\right)+5\ge_{AM-GM}2\sqrt{6}+5\).
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi x = \(\sqrt{6}\).
bây h đi học rồi -_-