Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions .Why is it that flying to New York from London will leave you feeling less tired than flying to London from New York? The answer may be a clear case of biology not being able to keep up with technology. Deep inside the brain there is a “clock” that governs every aspect of the body’s functioning: sleep and wake cycles, levels of alertness, performance,...
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Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions .
Why is it that flying to New York from London will leave you feeling less tired than flying to London from New York? The answer may be a clear case of biology not being able to keep up with technology. Deep inside the brain there is a “clock” that governs every aspect of the body’s functioning: sleep and wake cycles, levels of alertness, performance, mood, hormone levels, digestion, body temperature and so on. It regulates all of these functions on a 24-hour basis and is called the circadian clock (from the Latin, circa “about” + dies “day”).
This body clock programmes us to be sleepy twice a day, between 3-5 a.m and again between 3-5 p.m. Afternoon tea and siesta times are all cultural responses to our natural biological sleepiness in the afternoon. One of the major causes of the travelers’ malady known as jet lag is the non-alignment of a person’s internal body clock with clocks in the external world. Crossing different time zones confuses the circadian clock, which then has to adjust to the new time and patterns of light and activity. To make matters more complex, not all internal body functions adjust at the same rate. So your sleep/wake may adjust to a new time zone at one rate, while your temperature adjusts at a different pace. Your digestion may be on a different schedule altogether.
Though we live in a 24-hour day, the natural tendency of the body clock is to extend our day beyond 24 hours. It is contrary to our biological programming to shrink our day. That is why travelling in a westward direction is more body-clock friendly than flying east. NASA studies of long haul pilots showed that westward travel was associated with significantly better sleep quantity and quality than eastward flights. When flying west, you are “extending” your day, thus travelling in the natural direction of your internal clock. Flying eastward will involve “shrinking” or reducing your day and is in direct opposition to your internal clock’s natural tendency.
One of the more common complaints of travelers is that their sleep becomes disrupted. There are many reasons for this: Changing time zones and schedules, changing light and activity levels, trying to sleep when your body clock is programmed to be awake, disruption of the internal circadian clock and working longer hours. Sleep loss, jet lag and fatigue can seriously affect our ability to function well. Judgment and decision-making can be reduced by 50%, attention by 75 percent, memory by 20 percent and communication by 30 percent. It is often suggested that you adjust your watch as soon as you board a plane, supposedly to try to help you adjust to your destination’s schedule as soon as you arrive. But it can take the body clock several days to several weeks to fully adjust to a new time zone.
It can be inferred from the passage that_________
A. travelers have to spend more money flying westward than eastward.
B. there are more travelers in westward flights than in eastward ones.
C. westward travelers become friendlier than eastward ones.
D. travelers do not sleep as well in eastward flights as in westward ones.
The Fitbit Flex is a mobile device aimed at measuring your exercise, diet, and sleep. It’s very easy to wear it all the time. It is very light and comfortable, and it looks casual and natural on your wrist. When I need to wear a watch, I have one (26) _______ sits next to the Flex quite easily. You can get different Fitbit Flex wristbands, reasonably priced, in dozens of fun colors!
I was pleasantly surprised to learn how many steps I walk during my normal working day. I actually find ways to fit in even more activities at work, so I can watch the numbers go up. It’s water-resistant, (27) _______ I can wear it in the shower or in the rain without worrying about keeping it dry. The Fitbit synchronizes with my smartphone via Bluetooth.
Tracking food items (28) _______ it possible for the Dashboard to display a calorie budget for you, comparing calories consumed versus calories burned. It will use the daily calorie total you create to show you how many calories left in the day.
While I’m sleeping, the Fitbit Flex measures the movements of my wrist, logging my sleep as awake, restless, or asleep. It has been (29) _______ to see my sleep pattern each night and over time.
There is a notification alert to let me know when my battery is running low. After 10 minutes or so in the charging cable, it’s good to go again. The Fitbit Flex battery needs (30) _______ every 3 to 5 days.
Câu 26: A. that B. whom C. who D. what
Câu 27: A. because B. so C. but D. although
Câu 28: A. makes B. does C. finds D. causes
Câu 29: A. fascinated B. fascinates C. fascination D. fascinating
Câu 30: A. be charged B. charging C. being charged D. to charge
The Fitbit Flex is a mobile device aimed at measuring your exercise, diet, and sleep. It’s very easy to wear it all the time. It is very light and comfortable, and it looks casual and natural on your wrist. When I need to wear a watch, I have one (26) _______ sits next to the Flex quite easily. You can get different Fitbit Flex wristbands, reasonably priced, in dozens of fun colors!
I was pleasantly surprised to learn how many steps I walk during my normal working day. I actually find ways to fit in even more activities at work, so I can watch the numbers go up. It’s water-resistant, (27) _______ I can wear it in the shower or in the rain without worrying about keeping it dry. The Fitbit synchronizes with my smartphone via Bluetooth.
Tracking food items (28) _______ it possible for the Dashboard to display a calorie budget for you, comparing calories consumed versus calories burned. It will use the daily calorie total you create to show you how many calories left in the day.
While I’m sleeping, the Fitbit Flex measures the movements of my wrist, logging my sleep as awake, restless, or asleep. It has been (29) _______ to see my sleep pattern each night and over time.
There is a notification alert to let me know when my battery is running low. After 10 minutes or so in the charging cable, it’s good to go again. The Fitbit Flex battery needs (30) _______ every 3 to 5 days.
Câu 26: A. that B. whom C. who D. what
Câu 27: A. because B. so C. but D. although
Câu 28: A. makes B. does C. finds D. causes
Câu 29: A. fascinated B. fascinates C. fascination D. fascinating
Câu 30: A. be charged B. charging C. being charged D. to charge