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a) \(\frac{3}{\sqrt{5}}=\frac{3\sqrt{5}}{\sqrt{5}.\sqrt{5}}=\frac{3\sqrt{5}}{5}\)
\(\frac{2\sqrt{3}}{\sqrt{2}}=\frac{2\sqrt{3}.\sqrt{2}}{\sqrt{2}.\sqrt{2}}=\frac{2\sqrt{6}}{2}=\sqrt{6}\)
\(\frac{a}{\sqrt{b}}=\frac{a\sqrt{b}}{\sqrt{b}.\sqrt{b}}=\frac{a\sqrt{b}}{b}\)
\(\frac{x+1}{\sqrt{x^2-1}}=\frac{\left(x+1\right)\left(\sqrt{x^2-1}\right)}{\left(\sqrt{x^2-1}\right)\left(\sqrt{x^2-1}\right)}\) = \(\frac{\left(\sqrt{x^2-1}\right)\left(x+1\right)}{x^2-1}\)
a) Ta có:
5√15+12√20+√5515+1220+5
=√52.15+√(12)2.20+√5=√25.15+√14.20+√5=√255+√204+√5=√5+√5+√5=(1+1+1)√5=3√5=52.15+(12)2.20+5=25.15+14.20+5=255+204+5=5+5+5=(1+1+1)5=35
b) Ta có:
√12+√4,5+√12,512+4,5+12,5
=√12+√92+√252=√12+√9.12+√25.12=√12+√32.12+√52.12=√12+3√12+5√12=(1+3+5).√12=9√12=91√2=9.√22=9√22=12+92+252=12+9.12+25.12=12+32.12+52.12=12+312+512=(1+3+5).12=912=912=9.22=922
c) Ta có:
√20−√45+3√18+√72=√4.5−√9.5+3√9.2+√36.2=√22.5−√32.5+3√32.2+√62.2=2√5−3√5+3.3√2+6√2=2√5−3√5+9√2+6√2=(2√5−3√5)+(9√2+6√2)=(2−3)√5+(9+6)√2=−√5+15√2=15√2−√520−45+318+72=4.5−9.5+39.2+36.2=22.5−32.5+332.2+62.2=25−35+3.32+62=25−35+92+62=(25−35)+(92+62)=(2−3)5+(9+6)2=−5+152=152−5
d) Ta có:
0,1√200+2√0,08+0,4.√50=0,1√100.2+2√0,04.2+0,4√25.2=0,1√102.2+2√0,22.2+0,4√52.2=0,1.10√2+2.0,2√2+0,4.5√2=1√2+0,4√2+2√2=(1+0,4+2)√2=3,4√2
a.\(\frac{5}{\sqrt{10}}=\frac{5\sqrt{10}}{10}=\frac{\sqrt{10}}{2}\)
b. \(\frac{1}{3\sqrt{20}}=\frac{\sqrt{20}}{60}=\frac{2\sqrt{5}}{60}=\frac{\sqrt{5}}{30}\)
c. \(\frac{2\sqrt{2}+2}{5\sqrt{2}}=\frac{2\left(\sqrt{2}+1\right)}{5\sqrt{2}}=\frac{2\sqrt{2}\left(\sqrt{2}+1\right)}{10}=\frac{\sqrt{2}\left(\sqrt{2}+1\right)}{5}\)
d.\(\frac{\sqrt{21}-\sqrt{7}}{1-\sqrt{3}}=\frac{\sqrt{7}\left(\sqrt{3}-1\right)}{1-\sqrt{3}}=\frac{-\sqrt{7}\left(\sqrt{3}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{3}+1\right)}{\left(\sqrt{3}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{3}+1\right)}=-\sqrt{7}\)
e.\(\frac{3}{\sqrt{3}+1}=\frac{3\left(\sqrt{3}-1\right)}{3-1}=\frac{3\left(\sqrt{3}-1\right)}{2}\)
f.\(\frac{2}{\sqrt{3}-1}=\frac{2\left(\sqrt{3}+1\right)}{3-1}=\frac{2\left(\sqrt{3}+1\right)}{2}=\sqrt{3}+1\)
Bài 1:
a)
\(\frac{\sqrt{2.3}+\sqrt{2.7}}{2\sqrt{3}+2\sqrt{7}}=\frac{\sqrt{2}(\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{7})}{2(\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{7})}=\frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}\)
b)
\(\frac{\sqrt{2}+1}{\sqrt{2}-1}=\frac{(\sqrt{2}+1)^2}{(\sqrt{2}-1)(\sqrt{2}+1)}=\frac{3+2\sqrt{2}}{2-1}=3+2\sqrt{2}\)
Bài 2:
a)
\(\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}+1}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{2}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{4}+\sqrt{3}}=\frac{\sqrt{2}-1}{(\sqrt{2}+1)(\sqrt{2}-1)}+\frac{\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{2}}{(\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{2})(\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{2})}+\frac{\sqrt{4}-\sqrt{3}}{(\sqrt{4}+\sqrt{3})(\sqrt{4}-\sqrt{3})}\)
\(=\frac{\sqrt{2}-\sqrt{1}}{2-1}+\frac{\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{2}}{3-2}+\frac{\sqrt{4}-\sqrt{3}}{4-3}\)
\(=\sqrt{2}-\sqrt{1}+\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{4}-\sqrt{3}=\sqrt{4}-\sqrt{1}=1\) (đpcm)
b)
\(\sqrt{2+\sqrt{3}}+\sqrt{2-\sqrt{3}}=\sqrt{\frac{4+2\sqrt{3}}{2}}+\sqrt{\frac{4-2\sqrt{3}}{2}}\)
\(=\sqrt{\frac{(\sqrt{3}+1)^2}{2}}+\sqrt{\frac{(\sqrt{3}-1)^2}{2}}=\frac{\sqrt{3}+1}{\sqrt{2}}+\frac{\sqrt{3}-1}{\sqrt{2}}=\frac{2\sqrt{3}}{\sqrt{2}}=\sqrt{6}\) (đpcm)
c) Sửa đề:
\(\left(\frac{\sqrt{a}}{\sqrt{a}+2}-\frac{\sqrt{a}}{\sqrt{a}-2}+\frac{4\sqrt{a}-1}{a-4}\right):\frac{1}{a-4}=\left[\frac{a-2\sqrt{a}-(a+2\sqrt{a})}{(\sqrt{a}+2)(\sqrt{a}-2)}+\frac{4\sqrt{a}-1}{a-4}\right].(a-4)\)
\(=\left(\frac{-4\sqrt{a}}{a-4}+\frac{4\sqrt{a}-1}{a-4}\right).(a-4)=-4\sqrt{a}+4\sqrt{a}-1=-1\)
d)
\(\frac{\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}}{2\sqrt{a}-2\sqrt{b}}-\frac{\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}}{2\sqrt{a}+2\sqrt{b}}-\frac{2b}{b-a}=\frac{(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b})^2-(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b})^2}{2(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b})(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b})}+\frac{2b}{a-b}=\frac{4\sqrt{ab}}{2(a-b)}+\frac{2b}{a-b}\)
\(=\frac{2\sqrt{ab}+2b}{a-b}=\frac{2\sqrt{b}(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b})}{(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b})(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b})}=\frac{2\sqrt{b}}{\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}}\)
