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\(n_{H_2SO_4}=0,2.2=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
Fe + H2SO4 → FeSO4 + H2
2Al + 3H2SO4 → Al2(SO4)3 + 3H2
Gọi x,y lần lượt là số mol Fe, Al
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}56x+27y=11\\x+\dfrac{3}{2}y=0,4\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,1\\y=0,2\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>\(\%m_{Fe}=\dfrac{0,1.56}{11}.100=50,91\%\)
=> %m Al = 100 - 50,91 =49,09 %
b)Theo PT: \(n_{H_2}=n_{H_2SO_4}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(V_{H_2}=0,4.22,4=8,96\left(l\right)\)
c) \(CM_{FeSO_4}=\dfrac{0,1}{0,2}=0,5M\)
\(CM_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{\dfrac{0,2}{2}}{0,2}=0,5M\)
\(n_{Al}=a\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{Fe}=b\left(mol\right)\)
\(m=27a+56b=19.3\left(g\right)\left(1\right)\)
\(n_{H^+}=0.2\cdot2+0.2\cdot2.25\cdot2=1.3\left(mol\right)\)
\(2Al+6H^+\rightarrow2Al^{3+}+3H_2\)
\(Fe+2H^+\rightarrow Fe^{2+}+H_2\)
\(n_{H^+}=3a+2b=1.3\left(mol\right)\left(2\right)\)
\(\left(1\right),\left(2\right):a=0.3,b=0.2\)
\(\%Al=\dfrac{0.3\cdot27}{19.3}\cdot100\%=41.96\%\)
\(\%Fe=58.04\%\)
\(b.\)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{H^+}=0.65\left(mol\right)\)
Bảo toàn khối lượng :
\(m_{Muối}=19.3+0.4\cdot36.5+0.45\cdot98-0.65\cdot2=76.7\left(g\right)\)
a, Ta có: 27nAl + 56nFe = 0,83 (1)
PT: \(2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\)
\(Fe+H_2SO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+H_2\)
Theo PT: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3}{2}n_{Al}+n_{Fe}=\dfrac{0,56}{22,4}=0,025\left(mol\right)\left(2\right)\)
Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow n_{Al}=n_{Fe}=0,01\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Al}=\dfrac{0,01.27}{0,83}.100\%\approx32,53\%\\\%m_{Fe}\approx67,47\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
b, nH2SO4 = nH2 = 0,025 (mol)
\(\Rightarrow m_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,025.98}{20\%}=12,25\left(g\right)\)
a)
Gọi : \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Al}=a\left(mol\right)\\n_{Fe}=b\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)⇒ 27a + 56b = 1,66(1)
\(2Al + 6HCl \to 2AlCl_3 + 3H_2\\ Fe +2 HCl \to FeCl_2 + H_2\)
Theo PTHH :
\(n_{H_2} = 1,5a + b = \dfrac{1,12}{22,4} = 0,05(2)\)
Từ (1)(2) suy ra a = 0,02 ; b = 0,02
Vậy :
\(\%m_{Al} = \dfrac{0,02.27}{1,66}.100\% = 32,53\%\\ \%m_{Fe} = 100\% - 32,53\% = 67,47\%\)
a)
\(n_{HCl} = 2n_{H_2} = 0,05.2 = 0,1(mol)\\ \Rightarrow C\%_{HCl} = \dfrac{0,1.36,5}{100}.100\% = 3,65\%\)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}Fe\\Al\end{matrix}\right.+HCl->\left\{{}\begin{matrix}FeCl2\\AlCl3\end{matrix}\right.+H2\)
Ta có số mol Fe là x , Al là y (mol)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}56x+27y=11\\127x+133,5y=39,4\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,1\\y=0,2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%mFe=\dfrac{0,1.56}{11}=50,9\%\\\%mAl=\dfrac{0,2.27}{11}=49,09\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
Bảo toàn e :
\(2.nH2=2.nFe+3.nAl\Rightarrow nH2=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
\(V=0,4.22,4=8,96\left(l\right)\)
\(nFe=nFeCl2=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(nAl=nAlCl3=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow nHCl\left(pứ\right)=2.0,1+3.0,2=0,8\left(mol\right)\)
\(Cm=\dfrac{n}{V}=\dfrac{0,8}{0,2}=4\left(M\right)\)
Gọi số mol Al, Fe là a, b (mol)
=> 27a + 56b = 11,1 (1)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: 2Al + 6HCl --> 2AlCl3 + 3H2
a----------------------->1,5a
Fe + 2HCl --> FeCl2 + H2
b------------------------>b
=> 1,5a + b = 0,3 (2)
(1)(2) => a = 0,1; b = 0,15
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Al}=\dfrac{0,1.27}{11,1}.100\%=24,32\%\\\%m_{Fe}=\dfrac{0,15.56}{11,1}.100\%=75,68\end{matrix}\right.\)
PTHH: \(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\uparrow\)
a_____2a______a____a (mol)
\(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\uparrow\)
b_____2b_______b____b (mol)
Ta lập hệ phương trình: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}56a+24b=10,4\\a+b=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,1\\b=0,2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Fe}=\dfrac{0,1\cdot56}{10,4}\cdot100\%\approx53,85\%\\\%m_{Mg}=46,15\%\\C_{M_{FeCl_2}}=\dfrac{0,1}{0,2}=0,5\left(M\right)\\C_{M_{MgCl_2}}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,2}=1\left(M\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Câu 1:
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{2.91362}{22.4}=0.13mol\)
\(Mg+H_2SO_4\rightarrow MgSO_4+H_2\)
a a a a
\(2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\)
2b 3b b 3b
Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}24a+54b=2.58\\a+3b=0.13\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0.04\\b=0.03\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(m_{Mg}=0.04\times24=0.96g\)
\(m_{Al}=0.03\times2\times27=1.62g\)
\(V_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0.04+3\times0.03}{0.5}=0.26l\)
Câu 2:
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3.136}{22.4}=0.14mol\)
\(Mg+H_2SO_4\rightarrow MgSO_4+H_2\)
a a a a
\(Fe+H_2SO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+H_2\)
b b b b
Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}24a+56b=4.96\\a+b=0.14\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0.09\\b=0.05\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(m_{Mg}=0.09\times24=2.16g\)
\(m_{Fe}=0.05\times56=2.8g\)
\(C\%_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0.14\times98\times100}{200}=6.86\%\)
Câu 3:
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{1.568}{22.4}=0.07mol\)
\(Ba+H_2SO_4\rightarrow BaSO_4+H_2\)
a a a a
\(Mg+H_2SO_4\rightarrow MgSO_4+H_2\)
b b b b
Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}137a+24b=3.94\\a+b=0.07\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0.02\\b=0.05\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(m_{Ba}=0.02\times137=2.74g\)
\(m_{Mg}=0.05\times24=1.2g\)
\(CM_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0.07}{0.1}=0.7M\)
PTHH: \(Fe+H_2SO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+H_2\)
a_______a_______a_____a (mol)
\(2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\uparrow\)
2b______3b__________b_____3b (mol)
Ta lập HPT: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}56a+27\cdot2b=11\\a+3b=0,2\cdot2=0,4\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,1\\b=0,1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Fe}=\dfrac{0,1\cdot56}{11}\cdot100\%\approx50,91\%\\\%m_{Al}=49,09\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
Theo các PTHH: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{H_2}=0,4\left(mol\right)\\n_{FeSO_4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\n_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=0,3\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}V_{H_2}=0,4\cdot22,4=8,96\left(l\right)\\C_{M_{FeSO_4}}=\dfrac{0,1}{0,2}=0,5\left(M\right)\\C_{M_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}}=\dfrac{0,3}{0,2}=1,5\left(M\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
a) nH2SO4=0,4(mol)
Đặt: nFe=x(mol); nAl=y(mol) (x,y>0)
PTHH: Fe + H2SO4 -> FeSO4 + H2
x________x______x______x(mol)
2Al + 3 H2SO4 -> Al2(SO4)3 + 3 H2
y____1,5y_______0,5y_______1,5y(mol)
Ta có hpt:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}56x+27y=11\\x+1,5y=0,4\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,1\\y=0,2\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> mFe=0,1.56=5,6(g)
=>%mFe=(5,6/11).100=50,909%
=>%mAl= 49,091%
b) V(H2,đktc)=0,4.22,4=8,96(l)
c) nAl2(SO4)3= 0,5y=0,5.0,2=0,1(mol)
nFeSO4=x=0,1(mol)
Vddsau=VddH2SO4=0,2(l)
=>CMddAl2(SO4)3= 0,1/0,2=0,5(M)
CMddFeSO4=0,1/0,2=0,5(M)