Cho x = by + cz ; y = ax + cz ; z = ax + by. Chứng minh rằng : P = \(\frac{1}{a+1}+\frac{1}{b+1}+\frac{1}{c+1}\) = 2
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NU
0
NT
2
22 tháng 10 2016
Vì \(x=by+cz\)
\(\Rightarrow by=x-cz\)
Mà \(z=ax+by\)
\(\Rightarrow by=z-ax\)
\(\Rightarrow x-cz=z-ax\left(=by\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow x+ax=z+cz\)
\(\Rightarrow x\left(a+1\right)=z\left(c+1\right)\)
Cũng có :
\(z=ax+by\)
\(\Rightarrow ax=z-by\)
\(y=ax+cz\)
\(\Rightarrow ax=y-cz\)
\(\Rightarrow z-by=y-cz\left(=ax\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow z+cz=y+by\)
\(\Rightarrow z\left(c+1\right)=y\left(b+1\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow x\left(a+1\right)=y\left(b+1\right)=z\left(c+1\right)\)
Đặt \(x\left(a+1\right)=y\left(b+1\right)=z\left(c+1\right)=k\)
\(\Rightarrow3k=x\left(a+1\right)+y\left(b+1\right)+z\left(c+1\right)\)
Có :
\(Q=\frac{1}{a+1}+\frac{1}{1+b}+\frac{1}{c+1}\)
\(=\frac{x}{x\left(a+1\right)}+\frac{y}{y\left(b+1\right)}+\frac{z}{z\left(c+1\right)}\)
\(=\frac{x}{k}+\frac{y}{k}+\frac{z}{k}\)
\(=\frac{x+y+z}{k}\)
\(=\frac{3\left(x+y+z\right)}{3k}\)
Mà \(3k=x\left(a+1\right)+y\left(b+1\right)+z\left(c+1\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow Q=\frac{3\left(x+y+z\right)}{x\left(a+1\right)+y\left(b+1\right)+z\left(c+1\right)}\)
\(=\frac{3\left(x+y+z\right)}{xa+x+by+y+zc+z}\)
\(=\frac{3\left(x+y+z\right)}{\left(x+y+z\right)+\left(xa+by+zc\right)}\)
\(=\frac{3\left(x+y+z\right)}{\left(x+y+z\right)+\frac{1}{2}\left[\left(xa+by\right)+\left(xa+zc\right)+\left(by+zc\right)\right]}\)
Có \(x+y+z=\left(ax+by\right)+\left(by+cz\right)+\left(ax+cz\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow Q=\frac{3\left(x+y+z\right)}{\left(x+y+z\right)+\frac{1}{2}\left(x+y+z\right)}\)
\(=\frac{3\left(x+y+z\right)}{\frac{3}{2}\left(x+y+z\right)}\)
\(=\frac{3}{\frac{3}{2}}\)
\(=2\)
Vậy \(Q=2.\)
G
0
H
3
27 tháng 7 2018
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S
27 tháng 7 2018
x+y+z=0 sao tính được. sửa đề: x+y+z khác 0
Ta có: \(x+y=by+cz+ax+cz=2cz+z\Leftrightarrow2cz=x+y-z\Leftrightarrow c=\frac{x+y-z}{2z}\Leftrightarrow c+1=\frac{x+y+z}{2z}\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{c+1}=\frac{2z}{x+y+z}\left(1\right)\)
Tương tự, ta có: \(\frac{1}{a+1}=\frac{2x}{x+y+z}\left(2\right);\frac{1}{b+1}=\frac{2y}{x+y+z}\left(3\right)\)
Cộng (1),(2),(3) vế với vế ta được:
\(\frac{1}{a+1}+\frac{1}{b+1}+\frac{1}{c+1}=\frac{2\left(x+y+z\right)}{x+y+z}=2\) hay Q = 2
Vậy Q=2
HK
1
Ta có: \(x+y+z=\left(by+cz\right)+\left(ax+cz\right)+\left(ax+by\right)=2\left(ax+by+cz\right)\)
=> \(x+y+z=2\left(ax+by+cz\right)=2\left[\left(ax+by\right)+cz\right]=2\left[z+cz\right]=2\left(1+c\right)z\)
=> \(\frac{1}{1+c}=\frac{2z}{x+y+z}\) (1)
Tượng tự:
\(\frac{1}{1+a}=\frac{2x}{x+y+z}\) (2)
\(\frac{1}{1+b}=\frac{2y}{x+y+z}\) (3)
Cộng các vế của (1), (2), (3) ta có:
\(\frac{1}{1+a}+\frac{1}{1+b}+\frac{1}{1+c}=\frac{2\left(x+y+z\right)}{x+y+z}=2\) (ĐPCM)
Ta có x+y=ax+by+2cz=z+2cz
=> x+y-z=2cz
=> \(c=\frac{x+y-z}{2z}\Rightarrow c+1=\frac{x+y-z}{2z}+1=\frac{x+y+z}{2z}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{c+1}=\frac{2z}{x+y+z}\left(1\right)\)
\(y+z=2ax+by+cz\Rightarrow y+z-x=2ax\Rightarrow a=\frac{y+z-x}{2x}\Rightarrow a+1=\frac{x+y+z}{2x}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{a+1}=\frac{2x}{x+y+z}\left(2\right)\)
\(z+x=2by+ax+cz=2by+y\Rightarrow z+x-y=2by\)
\(\Rightarrow b=\frac{z+x-y}{2y}\Rightarrow b+1=\frac{z+x-y}{2y}+1=\frac{x+y+z}{2y}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{b+1}=\frac{2y}{x+y+z}\left(3\right)\)
Cộng từng vế của (1)(2)(3) ta có
\(\frac{1}{a+1}+\frac{1}{b+1}+\frac{1}{c+1}=\frac{2x}{x+y+z}+\frac{2y}{x+y+z}+\frac{2z}{x+y+z}=\frac{2\left(x+y+z\right)}{x+y+z}=2\)