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Ta có \(\sqrt{2022a+\dfrac{\left(b-c\right)^2}{2}}\)
\(=\sqrt{2a\left(a+b+c\right)+\dfrac{b^2-2bc+c^2}{2}}\)
\(=\sqrt{\dfrac{4a^2+b^2+c^2+4ab+4ac-2bc}{2}}\)
\(=\sqrt{\dfrac{\left(2a+b+c\right)^2-4bc}{2}}\)
\(\le\sqrt{\dfrac{\left(2a+b+c\right)^2}{2}}\)
\(=\dfrac{2a+b+c}{\sqrt{2}}\).
Vậy \(\sqrt{2022a+\dfrac{\left(b-c\right)^2}{2}}\le\dfrac{2a+b+c}{\sqrt{2}}\). Lập 2 BĐT tương tự rồi cộng vế, ta được \(VT\le\dfrac{2a+b+c+2b+c+a+2c+a+b}{\sqrt{2}}\)
\(=\dfrac{4\left(a+b+c\right)}{\sqrt{2}}\) \(=\dfrac{4.1011}{\sqrt{2}}\) \(=2022\sqrt{2}\)
ĐTXR \(\Leftrightarrow\) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}ab=0\\bc=0\\ca=0\\a+b+c=1011\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left(a;b;c\right)=\left(1011;0;0\right)\) hoặc các hoán vị. Vậy ta có đpcm.
\(a+b+c=3\\ \Leftrightarrow a\left(b+c+2\right)=ab+ac+a+b+c+1=\left(a+1\right)\left(b+c+1\right)\)
Tương tự:
\(b\left(c+a+2\right)=\left(b+1\right)\left(a+c+1\right)\\ c\left(a+b+2\right)=\left(c+1\right)\left(a+b+1\right)\)
Áp dụng BĐT cosi:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(a+1\right)\left(b+c+1\right)\le\dfrac{\left(a+1+b+c+1\right)^2}{2}=\dfrac{2^2}{2}=2\\\left(b+1\right)\left(a+c+1\right)\le\dfrac{\left(b+1+a+c+1\right)^2}{2}=\dfrac{2^2}{2}=2\\\left(c+1\right)\left(a+b+1\right)\le\dfrac{\left(c+1+a+b+1\right)^2}{2}=\dfrac{2^2}{2}=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
Cộng vế theo vế 2 BĐT trên:
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{a\left(b+c+2\right)}+\sqrt{b\left(c+a+2\right)}+\sqrt{c\left(a+b+2\right)}\le2+2+2=6\)
Dấu \("="\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=1\)
anh oi, tại sao chỗ a(b + c + 2) = ab + ac + a + b + c + 1 được ạ? :<
\(\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}\right)^2=a+b+c+2\left(\sqrt{ab}+\sqrt{ac}+\sqrt{bc}\right)=4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{ab}+\sqrt{ac}+\sqrt{bc}=1\)
\(\Rightarrow a+1=a+\sqrt{ab}+\sqrt{ac}+\sqrt{bc}=\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\right)\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{c}\right)\)
Tương tự: \(b+1=\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\right)\left(\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}\right)\)
\(c+1=\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{c}\right)\left(\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}\right)\)
\(VT=\sum\dfrac{\sqrt{a}}{a+1}=\sum\dfrac{\sqrt{a}}{\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\right)\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{c}\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{\sqrt{a}\left(\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}\right)+\sqrt{b}\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{c}\right)+\sqrt{c}\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\right)}{\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\right)\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{c}\right)\left(\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{2\left(\sqrt{ab}+\sqrt{ac}+\sqrt{bc}\right)}{\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\right)\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{c}\right)\left(\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}\right)}=\dfrac{2}{\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\right)\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{c}\right)\left(\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}\right)}\)
\(VP=\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{\left(a+1\right)\left(b+1\right)\left(c+1\right)}}=\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\right)^2\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{c}\right)^2\left(\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}\right)^2}}\)
\(=\dfrac{2}{\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\right)\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{c}\right)\left(\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}\right)}\)
\(\Rightarrow VT=VP\) (đpcm)
Đặt \(P=\sqrt{a^2+b^2}+\sqrt{b^2+c^2}+\sqrt{c^2+a^2}\)
Ta có:
\(a^2+b^2\ge\dfrac{1}{2}\left(a+b\right)^2\Rightarrow\sqrt{a^2+b^2}\ge\dfrac{\sqrt{2}}{2}\left(a+b\right)\)
Tương tự và cộng lại ta được BĐT bên trái
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c\)
Bên phải:
Áp dụng BĐT Bunhiacopxki:
\(P^2\le3\left(a^2+b^2+b^2+c^2+c^2+a^2\right)=6\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\)
Mặt khác do a;b;c là 3 cạnh của 1 tam giác:
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a+b>c\\a+c>b\\b+c>a\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}ac+bc>c^2\\ab+bc>b^2\\ab+ac>c^2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2< 2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow3\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)< 6\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow P^2\le3\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)+3\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)< 3\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)+6\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow P^2< 3\left(a+b+c\right)^2\Rightarrow P< \sqrt{3}\left(a+b+c\right)\)
Do hai tam giác có độ dài 3 cạnh là a,b,c và a',b',c' nên ta có tỷ lệ sau
\(\frac{a}{a'}=\frac{b}{b'}=\frac{c}{c'}\)
Đặt \(\frac{a}{a'}=\frac{b}{b'}=\frac{c}{c'}=k\) \(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}a=k.a'\\b=k.b'\\c=k.c'\end{cases}}\)
Ta có : \(\sqrt{aa'}+\sqrt{bb'}+\sqrt{cc'}=\sqrt{ka'.a'}+\sqrt{kb'.b'}+\sqrt{kc'.c'}\)
\(=a'.\sqrt{k}+b'.\sqrt{k}+c'.\sqrt{k}=\sqrt{k}.\left(a'+b'+c'\right)\)
Ta lại có : \(\sqrt{\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a'+b'+c'\right)}=\sqrt{k.\left(a'+b'+c'\right)\left(a'+b'+c'\right)}=\sqrt{k}.\left(a'+b'+c'\right)\)
Vậy ......