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Ta có:
\(2a+2b+2c=by+cz+ax+cz+ax+by\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a+b+c=ax+by+cz\)
\(\Rightarrow a+b+c=ax+2a;a+b+c=by+2b;a+b+c=cz+2c\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{x+2}=\frac{a}{a+b+c};\frac{1}{y+2}=\frac{b}{a+b+c};\frac{1}{z+2}=\frac{c}{a+b+c}\)
\(\Rightarrow A=\frac{1}{x+2}+\frac{1}{y+2}+\frac{1}{z+2}=\frac{a}{a+b+c}+\frac{b}{a+b+c}+\frac{c}{a+b+c}=1\)
Ta có:\(\hept{\begin{cases}2a=by+cz\\2b=ax+cz\\2c=ax+by\end{cases}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2a+2b+2c=by+cz+ax+cz+ax+by\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2a+2b+2c=2ax+2by+2cz\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2a+2b+2c-2ax-2by-2cz=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2a-2ax\right)+\left(2b-2by\right)+\left(2c-2cz\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2a\left(1-x\right)+2b\left(1-y\right)+2c\left(1-z\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}1-x=0\\1-y=0\\1-z=0\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow x=y=z=1}\)
\(\Rightarrow A=\frac{1}{x+2}+\frac{1}{y+2}+\frac{1}{z+2}=\frac{1}{1+2}+\frac{1}{1+2}+\frac{1}{1+2}=1\)
ta có: 2a+2b+2c=by+cz+ax+cz+ax+by
suy ra: 2(a+b+c)=2(ax+by+cz)
a+b+c=ax+by+cz
a+b+c=ax+2a(vì by+cz=2a)
a+b+c=a(x+2)
1/x+2=a/a+b+c
Tương tự: 1/y+2=b/a+b+c
1/z+2=c/a+b+c
suy ra: M=a/(a+b+c)+b/(a+b+c)+c/(a+b+c)=(a+b+c)/(a+b+c)=1
\(2a+2b+2c=2ax+2by+2cz\Rightarrow a+b+c=ax+by+cz\)
\(\Rightarrow a+b+c=ax+2a\Rightarrow a+b+c=a\left(x+2\right)\)
Tương tự ta có \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a+b+c=b\left(y+2\right)\\a+b+c=c\left(z+2\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Để M xác định thì \(x+2;y+2;z+2\ne0\)
Do đó nếu \(a+b+c=0\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\y=0\\z=0\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\) đúng với mọi x, y, z
\(\Rightarrow\) giá trị M không xác định
Nếu \(a+b+c\ne0\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+2=\dfrac{a+b+c}{a}\\y+2=\dfrac{a+b+c}{b}\\z+2=\dfrac{a+b+c}{c}\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{1}{x+2}=\dfrac{a}{a+b+c}\\\dfrac{1}{y+2}=\dfrac{b}{a+b+c}\\\dfrac{1}{z+2}=\dfrac{c}{a+b+c}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow M=\dfrac{a}{a+b+c}+\dfrac{b}{a+b+c}+\dfrac{c}{a+b+c}=\dfrac{a+b+c}{a+b+c}=1\)
Dòng 5 gõ nhầm \(a+b+c=0\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0\\b=0\\c=0\end{matrix}\right.\) mới đúng
Vì \(x=by+cz\)
\(\Rightarrow by=x-cz\)
Mà \(z=ax+by\)
\(\Rightarrow by=z-ax\)
\(\Rightarrow x-cz=z-ax\left(=by\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow x+ax=z+cz\)
\(\Rightarrow x\left(a+1\right)=z\left(c+1\right)\)
Cũng có :
\(z=ax+by\)
\(\Rightarrow ax=z-by\)
\(y=ax+cz\)
\(\Rightarrow ax=y-cz\)
\(\Rightarrow z-by=y-cz\left(=ax\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow z+cz=y+by\)
\(\Rightarrow z\left(c+1\right)=y\left(b+1\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow x\left(a+1\right)=y\left(b+1\right)=z\left(c+1\right)\)
Đặt \(x\left(a+1\right)=y\left(b+1\right)=z\left(c+1\right)=k\)
\(\Rightarrow3k=x\left(a+1\right)+y\left(b+1\right)+z\left(c+1\right)\)
Có :
\(Q=\frac{1}{a+1}+\frac{1}{1+b}+\frac{1}{c+1}\)
\(=\frac{x}{x\left(a+1\right)}+\frac{y}{y\left(b+1\right)}+\frac{z}{z\left(c+1\right)}\)
\(=\frac{x}{k}+\frac{y}{k}+\frac{z}{k}\)
\(=\frac{x+y+z}{k}\)
\(=\frac{3\left(x+y+z\right)}{3k}\)
Mà \(3k=x\left(a+1\right)+y\left(b+1\right)+z\left(c+1\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow Q=\frac{3\left(x+y+z\right)}{x\left(a+1\right)+y\left(b+1\right)+z\left(c+1\right)}\)
\(=\frac{3\left(x+y+z\right)}{xa+x+by+y+zc+z}\)
\(=\frac{3\left(x+y+z\right)}{\left(x+y+z\right)+\left(xa+by+zc\right)}\)
\(=\frac{3\left(x+y+z\right)}{\left(x+y+z\right)+\frac{1}{2}\left[\left(xa+by\right)+\left(xa+zc\right)+\left(by+zc\right)\right]}\)
Có \(x+y+z=\left(ax+by\right)+\left(by+cz\right)+\left(ax+cz\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow Q=\frac{3\left(x+y+z\right)}{\left(x+y+z\right)+\frac{1}{2}\left(x+y+z\right)}\)
\(=\frac{3\left(x+y+z\right)}{\frac{3}{2}\left(x+y+z\right)}\)
\(=\frac{3}{\frac{3}{2}}\)
\(=2\)
Vậy \(Q=2.\)
cộng 3 cái lại nhe bạn =))
Có nhiều cách làm bài này.
Có \(2a+2b+2c=by+cz+a.x+cz+a.x+by\)
\(2\left(a+b+c\right)=2\left(a.x+by+cz\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow a+b+c=a.x+by+cz\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{x+2}=\frac{a}{a+b+c}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{z+2}=\frac{c}{a+b+c}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{y+2}=\frac{b}{a+b+c}\)
\(\Rightarrow M=\frac{1}{x+2}+\frac{1}{y+2}+\frac{1}{z+2}=\frac{a+b+c}{a+b+c}=1\)
Vậy ...