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\(ab\le\frac{a^2+b^2}{2}\le\frac{16}{2}=8\)
Ta có: \(N^2=\left(a\sqrt{9b\left(a+8b\right)}+b\sqrt{9a\left(b+8a\right)}\right)^2\)
\(\le\left(a^2+b^2\right)\left[9b\left(a+8b\right)+9a\left(b+8a\right)\right]\)
\(\le16\left(18ab+72\left(a^2+b^2\right)\right)\le16\left(18.8+72.16\right)\)
\(=20736\)
=> \(N\le144\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> a = b = \(\sqrt{8}\)
Vậy max N = 144 tại a = b = \(\sqrt{8}\)
By C-S and AM-GM's inequality
\(M=a\left(9b\left(a+8b\right)\right)^{\dfrac{1}{2}}+b\left(9a\left(b+8a\right)\right)^{\dfrac{1}{2}}\)
\(\le\left(\left(a^2+b^2\right)\left(9b\left(a+8b\right)+9a\left(b+8a\right)\right)\right)^{\dfrac{1}{2}}\)
\(=\left(\left(a^2+b^2\right)\left(18ab+72b^2+72a^2\right)\right)^{\dfrac{1}{2}}\)
\(=\left(\left(a^2+b^2\right)\left(18\cdot\dfrac{a^2+b^2}{2}+72b^2+72a^2\right)\right)^{\dfrac{1}{2}}\)
\(=\left(16\cdot\left(18\cdot\dfrac{16}{2}+72\cdot16\right)\right)^{\dfrac{1}{2}}=144\)
\("="\Leftrightarrow a=b=2\sqrt{2}\)
Ta có \(2ab\le a^2+b^2\)
Áp dụng BĐT Bunhia:
\(M^2\le\left(a^2+b^2\right)\left(b\left(a+8b\right)+a\left(b+8a\right)\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow M^2\le\left(a^2+b^2\right)\left(2ab+8b^2+8a^2\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow M^2\le\left(a^2+b^2\right)\left(8a^2+8b^2+a^2+b^2\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow M^2\le9\left(a^2+b^2\right)^2\Rightarrow M\le3\left(a^2+b^2\right)=48\)
\(\Rightarrow M_{max}=48\) khi \(a=b=2\sqrt{2}\)
2M\(\le\)a(9b+4a+5b)+b(9a+4b+5a) (AM-GM)
=4(a2+b2)+28ab\(\le\)4(a2+b2)+14(a2+b2) (AM-GM)
=36 (do a2+b2=2)
=> M \(\le\)18
Dấu bằng có <=> a=b=1
Bài 1:
Áp dụng BĐT Bunhiacopxky:
\(M^2=(a\sqrt{9b(a+8b)}+b\sqrt{9a(b+8a)})^2\)
\(\leq (a^2+b^2)(9ab+72b^2+9ab+72a^2)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow M^2\leq (a^2+b^2)(72a^2+72b^2+18ab)\)
Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM: \(a^2+b^2\geq 2ab\Rightarrow 18ab\leq 9(a^2+b^2)\)
Do đó, \(M^2\leq (a^2+b^2)(72a^2+72b^2+9a^2+9b^2)=81(a^2+b^2)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow M\leq 9(a^2+b^2)\leq 144\)
Vậy \(M_{\max}=144\Leftrightarrow a=b=\sqrt{8}\)
Bài 6:
\(a+\frac{1}{a-1}=1+(a-1)+\frac{1}{a-1}\)
Vì \(a>1\rightarrow a-1>0\). Do đó áp dụng BĐT Am-Gm cho số dương\(a-1,\frac{1}{a-1}\) ta có:
\((a-1)+\frac{1}{a-1}\geq 2\sqrt{\frac{a-1}{a-1}}=2\)
\(\Rightarrow a+\frac{1}{a-1}=1+(a-1)+\frac{1}{a-1}\geq 3\) (đpcm)
Dấu bằng xảy ra khi \(a-1=1\Leftrightarrow a=2\)
Bài 3:
Xét \(\sqrt{a^2+1}\). Vì \(ab+bc+ac=1\) nên:
\(a^2+1=a^2+ab+bc+ac=(a+b)(a+c)\)
\(\Rightarrow \sqrt{a^2+1}=\sqrt{(a+b)(a+c)}\)
Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM có: \(\sqrt{(a+b)(a+c)}\leq \frac{a+b+a+c}{2}=\frac{2a+b+c}{2}\)
hay \(\sqrt{a^2+1}\leq \frac{2a+b+c}{2}\)
Hoàn toàn tương tự với các biểu thức còn lại và cộng theo vế:
\(\sqrt{a^2+1}+\sqrt{b^2+1}+\sqrt{c^2+1}\leq \frac{2a+b+c}{2}+\frac{2b+a+c}{2}+\frac{2c+a+b}{2}=2(a+b+c)\)
Ta có đpcm. Dấu bằng xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}\)
Bài 4:
Ta có:
\(A=\frac{8a^2+b}{4a}+b^2=2a+\frac{b}{4a}+b^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A+\frac{1}{4}=2a+\frac{b+a}{4a}+b^2=2a+b+\frac{b+a}{4a}+b^2-b\)
Vì \(a+b\geq 1, a>0\) nên \(A+\frac{1}{4}\geq a+1+\frac{1}{4a}+b^2-b\)
Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM:
\(a+\frac{1}{4a}\geq 2\sqrt{\frac{1}{4}}=1\)
\(\Rightarrow A+\frac{1}{4}\geq 2+b^2-b=\left(b-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+\frac{7}{4}\geq \frac{7}{4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A\geq \frac{3}{2}\).
Vậy \(A_{\min}=\frac{3}{2}\Leftrightarrow a=b=\frac{1}{2}\)
Áp dụng BĐT Cô-si cho 2 số không âm
Ta có: \(\sqrt{9b\left(4a+b\right)}\)\(\le\) \(\dfrac{9b+4a+5b}{2}\)=\(\dfrac{14b+4a}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow\) \(a\sqrt{9b\left(4a+5b\right)}\)\(\le\) \(\dfrac{14ab+4a^2}{2}\)=7ab+2a2
CMTT: \(b\sqrt{9a\left(4b+5a\right)}\) \(\le\) 7ab+2b2
\(\Rightarrow\) M\(\le\) 14ab + 2(a2+b2) \(\le\)7(a2+b2) + 2(a2+b2) = 9(a2+b2)=18
Vậy Mmin=18
Dấu "=" xảy ra\(\Leftrightarrow\) a=b=1
\(M=a\sqrt{9b\left(4a+5b\right)}+b\sqrt{9a\left(4b+5a\right)}\le\dfrac{a\left(9b+4a+5b\right)}{2}+\dfrac{b\left(9a+4b+5a\right)}{2}=\dfrac{a\left(14b+4a\right)+b\left(14a+4b\right)}{2}=2a^2+7ab+7ab+2b^2=2\left(a^2+b^2\right)+14ab=4+14ab\le4+14\times\dfrac{a^2+b^2}{2}=4+14=18\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> a = b = 1
\(\sqrt{a\left(8a+b\right)}=\dfrac{1}{3}\cdot\sqrt{9a\left(8a+b\right)}< =\dfrac{1}{3}\cdot\dfrac{9a+8a+b}{2}=\dfrac{1}{6}\left(17a+b\right)\)
\(\sqrt{b\left(8b+a\right)}< =\dfrac{1}{6}\left(17b+a\right)\)
=>\(\sqrt{a\left(8a+b\right)}+\sqrt{b\left(8b+a\right)}< =3\left(a+b\right)\)
=>\(\dfrac{a+b}{\sqrt{a\left(8a+b\right)}+\sqrt{b\left(8b+a\right)}}>=\dfrac{1}{3}\)