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P=1/(x+y)(x^2-xy+y^2)+1/xy
P=1/(x^2-xy+y^2)+1/xy ( vĩ+y=1)
P=1/(x^2-xy+y^2)+3/xy
Đến đây áp dụng bất đẳng thức Svac có
P>=(√3+1)^2/(x+y)^2
P>=(√3+1)^2 (vì x+y=1)
hay P>=4+2√3(đpcm)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Bài 1:
Theo BĐT AM-GM có :$(x+y+1)(x^2+y^2)+\dfrac{4}{x+y}\geq (x+y+1).2xy+\dfrac{4}{x+y}=2(x+y+1)+\dfrac{4}{x+y}=(x+y)+(x+y)+\dfrac{4}{x+y}+2\geq 2\sqrt{xy}+2\sqrt{(x+y).\dfrac{4}{x+y}}+2=2+4+2=8$(đpcm)
Dấu \(=\) xảy ra khi \(x=y, xy=1\) và \(x+y=2\) hay \(x=y=1\)
Bài 1:
Áp dụng BĐT Cô-si cho các số dương:
\(x^2+y^2\geq 2xy=2\Rightarrow (x+y+1)(x^2+y^2)+\frac{4}{x+y}\geq 2(x+y+1)+\frac{4}{x+y}(1)\)
Tiếp tục áp dụng BĐT Cô-si:
\(2(x+y+1)+\frac{4}{x+y}=(x+y+2)+[(x+y)+\frac{4}{x+y}]\)
\(\geq (2\sqrt{xy}+2)+2\sqrt{(x+y).\frac{4}{x+y}}=(2+2)+4=8(2)\)
Từ \((1);(2)\Rightarrow (x+y+1)(x^2+y^2)+\frac{4}{x+y}\geq 8\) (đpcm)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi $x=y=1$
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(P=\frac{1}{\left(x+y\right)\left(\left(x+y\right)^2-3xy\right)}+\frac{1}{xy}=\frac{1}{1-3xy}+\frac{1}{xy}=\frac{1}{1-3xy}+\frac{3}{3xy}\ge\frac{\left(1+\sqrt{3}\right)^2}{1-3xy+3xy}=4+2\sqrt{3}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\frac{3+\sqrt{6\sqrt{3}-9}}{6}\\y=\frac{3-\sqrt{6\sqrt{3}-9}}{6}\end{matrix}\right.\) và hoán vị
Cụ thể hơn:
\(\frac{1}{1-3xy}+\frac{1}{xy}=\frac{1}{1-3xy}+\frac{3}{3xy}\)
\(=\frac{1^2}{1-3xy}+\frac{\left(\sqrt{3}\right)^2}{3xy}\ge\frac{\left(1+\sqrt{3}\right)^2}{1-3xy+3xy}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi
\(\frac{1-3xy}{1}=\frac{3xy}{\sqrt{3}}\Rightarrow1-3xy=\sqrt{3}xy\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
1.
Đầu tiên ta cm: \(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\ge\frac{4}{a+b}\forall a,b>0\)
Ta có:
\(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}=\frac{a+b}{ab}\ge\frac{2\sqrt{ab}}{ab}=\frac{2}{\sqrt{ab}}\ge\frac{2}{\frac{a+b}{2}}=\frac{4}{a+b}\) (cô si)
Dấu "=" khi a = b.
Áp dụng:
\(\frac{1}{x^2+y^2}+\frac{2}{xy}+4xy\) \(=\left(\frac{1}{x^2+y^2}+\frac{1}{2xy}\right)+\left(\frac{1}{4xy}+4xy\right)+\frac{5}{4xy}\)
\(\ge\frac{4}{\left(x+y\right)^2}+2\sqrt{\frac{1}{4xy}\cdot4xy}+\frac{5}{\left(x+y\right)^2}\)
\(=4+2+5=11\)
Vậy MinA = 11 khi \(x=y=\frac{1}{2}\)
\(P=\frac{x^2+1}{x^2-x+1}\Leftrightarrow x^2+1=P\left(x^2-x+1\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+1-Px^2+Px-P=0\)(*)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(1-P\right)x^2+Px+\left(1-P\right)=0\)
\(\Delta=P^2-4\left(1-P\right)^2\)
\(=P^2-4\left(1-2P+P^2\right)=-3P^2+8P-4\)
Để P có GTNN và GTLN thì phương trình (*) có nghiệm
\(\Leftrightarrow\Delta\ge0\Leftrightarrow-3P^2+8P-4\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-3P^2+2P+6P-4\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-P\left(3P-2\right)+2\left(3P-2\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(3P-2\right)\left(2-P\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{2}{3}\le P\le2\)
Vậy \(min_P=\frac{2}{3}\Leftrightarrow x=-1\); \(max_P=2\Leftrightarrow x=1\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(VT\ge\dfrac{4}{x^2+y^2+2xy}=\dfrac{4}{\left(x+y\right)^2}\ge4\) (vì \(x+y\le1\) )
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow x=y=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
Ta có đpcm
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Cô - si, ta có :
\(VT=\frac{1}{x^2+xy}+\frac{1}{y^2+xy}=\frac{1}{x^2+xy}+4\left(x^2+xy\right)+\frac{1}{y^2+xy}+4\left(y^2+xy\right)-4\left(x+y\right)^2\)
\(VT\ge2\sqrt{\frac{1}{x^2+xy}.4\left(x^2+xy\right)}+2\sqrt{\frac{1}{y^2+xy}+4\left(y^2+xy\right)}-4=4\)
=> đpcm
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\(1,A=\frac{1}{x^2+y^2}+\frac{1}{xy}=\frac{1}{x^2+y^2}+\frac{1}{2xy}+\frac{1}{2xy}\)
\(\ge\frac{4}{\left(x+y^2\right)}+\frac{1}{\frac{\left(x+y\right)^2}{2}}\ge\frac{4}{1}+\frac{2}{1}=6\)
Dấu "=" <=> x= y = 1/2
\(2,A=\frac{x^2+y^2}{xy}=\frac{x}{y}+\frac{y}{x}=\left(\frac{x}{9y}+\frac{y}{x}\right)+\frac{8x}{9y}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{x}{9y}.\frac{y}{x}}+\frac{8.3y}{9y}\)
\(=2\sqrt{\frac{1}{9}}+\frac{8.3}{9}=\frac{10}{3}\)
Dấu "=" <=> x = 3y
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Tìm x :
a) ( x - 15 ) . 35 = 0
x - 15 = 0 : 35
x - 15 = 0
x = 0 + 15
x = 15
b) 32 ( x - 10 ) = 32
x - 10 = 32 : 32
x - 10 = 1
x = 1 + 10
x = 11
\(\frac{1}{x^3+y^3}+\frac{1}{xy}=\frac{1}{x^2-xy+y^2}+\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}=1+\frac{3xy}{x^3+y^3}+1+\frac{x}{y}+1+\frac{y}{x}\ge5\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(P=\frac{1}{x^3+y^3}+\frac{1}{xy}\)
Ta có:
\(x+y=1\Rightarrow\left(x+y\right)^3=1\)
\(\Rightarrow x^3+y^3+3xy\left(x+y\right)=1\)
\(\Rightarrow x^3+y^3+3xy=1\)
\(\Rightarrow P=\frac{x^3+y^3+3xy}{x^3+y^3}+\frac{x^3+y^3+3xy}{xy}\)\(=4+\frac{3xy}{x^3+y^3}+\frac{x^3+y^3}{xy}\left(1\right)\)
Áp dụng Bđt Cô si ta có:
\(\frac{3xy}{x^3+y^3}+\frac{x^3+y^3}{xy}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{3xy}{x^3+y^3}\cdot\frac{x^3+y^3}{xy}}=2\sqrt{3}\)
\(\Rightarrow P\ge4+2\sqrt{3}\)(Đpcm)
Dấu = khi \(\hept{\begin{cases}x+y=1\\x^3+y^3=\sqrt{3xy}\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x+y=1\\1-3xy=\sqrt{3xy}\end{cases}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x+y=1\\3\sqrt{xy}=\frac{-1+\sqrt{5}}{2}\end{cases}}\)\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x+y=1\\xy=\frac{6-2\sqrt{5}}{12}\end{cases}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-x+\frac{6-2\sqrt{5}}{12}=0\)\(\Leftrightarrow x,y=\frac{1\pm\sqrt{\frac{2\sqrt{5}-3}{3}}}{2}\)
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức \(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\ge\frac{4}{a+b}\) được
\(VT\ge\frac{4}{\left(x+y\right)^2}\ge4\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi x = y = 1/2
Vậy ...........
Cũng ko hẳn là cách khác nhưng xem cho vui v :)
\(\frac{1}{x^2+xy}+\frac{1}{y^2+xy}=\frac{1}{x\left(x+y\right)}+\frac{1}{y\left(x+y\right)}\ge\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}\ge\frac{4}{x+y}\ge4\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\)\(x=y=\frac{1}{2}\)