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1) \(\frac{x-y}{x+y}=\frac{z-x}{z+x}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-y\right)\left(z+x\right)=\left(z-x\right)\left(x+y\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow z\left(x-y\right)+x\left(x-y\right)=x\left(z-x\right)+y\left(z-x\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow xz-zy+x^2-xy=xz-x^2+yz-xy\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-zy+x^2=-x^2+yz\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-2x^2=-2zy\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2=yz\)(đpcm)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Đặt a/b=c/d=k
=>a=bk; c=dk
1: \(\dfrac{2a+15b}{5a-7b}=\dfrac{2\cdot bk+15b}{5\cdot bk-7b}=\dfrac{2k+15}{5k-7}\)
\(\dfrac{2c+15d}{5c-7d}=\dfrac{2dk+15d}{5dk-7d}=\dfrac{2k+15}{5k-7}\)
Do đó: \(\dfrac{2a+15b}{5a-7b}=\dfrac{2c+15d}{5c-7d}\)
2: \(\dfrac{a+2c}{b+2d}=\dfrac{bk+2dk}{b+2d}=k\)
\(\dfrac{a+c}{b+d}=\dfrac{bk+dk}{b+d}=k\)
Do đó: \(\dfrac{a+2c}{b+2d}=\dfrac{a+c}{b+d}\)
hay (a+2c)(b+d)=(a+c)(b+2d)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
a: \(\dfrac{2a+15b}{5a-7b}=\dfrac{2c+15d}{5c-7d}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2a+15b\right)\left(5c-7d\right)=\left(5a-7b\right)\left(2c+15d\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow10ac-14ad+75bc-105bd=10ac+75ad-14bc-105bd\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-14ad+75bc=-14bc+75ad\)
=>ad=bc
hay a/b=c/d
b: Đặt a/b=c/d=k
=>a=bk; c=dk
\(\dfrac{a^2}{b^2}=\dfrac{b^2k^2}{b^2}=k^2\)
\(\dfrac{2c^2-ac}{2d^2-bd}=\dfrac{2\cdot d^2k^2-bk\cdot dk}{2\cdot d^2-bd}=k^2\)
Do đó; \(\dfrac{a^2}{b^2}=\dfrac{2c^2-ac}{2d^2-bd}\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Từ \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}\) \(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a}{c}=\dfrac{b}{d}\) (tính chất tỉ lệ thức)
Đặt \(\dfrac{a}{c}=\dfrac{b}{d}=k\) \(\left(k\ne0\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=ck\\b=dk\end{matrix}\right.\)
Ta có:
\(\dfrac{a-2c}{b-2d}=\dfrac{ck-2c}{dk-2d}=\dfrac{c\times\left(k-2\right)}{d\times\left(k-2\right)}=\dfrac{c}{d}\) \(\left(1\right)\)
\(\dfrac{a+2c}{b+2d}=\dfrac{ck+2c}{dk+2d}=\dfrac{c\times\left(k+2\right)}{d\times\left(k+2\right)}=\dfrac{c}{d}\) \(\left(2\right)\)
Từ \(\left(1\right)\) và \(\left(2\right)\) \(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a-2c}{b-2d}=\dfrac{a+2c}{b+2d}\)
Vậy \(\dfrac{a-2c}{b-2d}=\dfrac{a+2c}{b+2d}\) \(\left(đpct\right)\).
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Đặt:
\(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}=k\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=bk\\c=dk\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{2a+5b}{3a-4b}=\dfrac{2bk+5b}{3bk-4b}=\dfrac{b\left(2k+5\right)}{b\left(3k-4\right)}=\dfrac{2k+5}{3k-4}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{2c+5d}{3c-4d}=\dfrac{2dk+5d}{3dk-4d}=\dfrac{d\left(2k+5\right)}{d\left(3k-4\right)}=\dfrac{2k+5}{3k-4}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{2a+5b}{3a-4b}=\dfrac{2c+5d}{3c-4d}\)
\(\dfrac{2016a-2017b}{2017c+2018d}=\dfrac{2016bk-2017b}{2017dk+2018d}=\dfrac{b\left(2016k-2017\right)}{d\left(2017k+2018\right)}\)
\(\dfrac{2016c-2017d}{2017a+2018b}=\dfrac{2016dk-2017d}{2017bk+2018b}=\dfrac{d\left(2016k-2017\right)}{b\left(2017k+2018\right)}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{2016a-2017b}{2017c+2018d}=\dfrac{2016c-2017d}{2017a+2018b}\)
\(\dfrac{7a^2+5ac}{7a^2-5ac}=\dfrac{7bk^2+5bdk^2}{7bk^2-5bdk^2}=\dfrac{k^2\left(7b+5bd\right)}{k^2\left(7b-5bd\right)}=\dfrac{7b+5bd}{7b-5bd}\)
\(\dfrac{7b^2+5ab}{7b^2-5ab}=\dfrac{7b^2+5kb^2}{7b^2-5kb^2}=\dfrac{b^2\left(7+5k\right)}{b^2\left(7-5k\right)}=\dfrac{7+5k}{7-5k}\)
Hình như sai sai
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Áp dụng tính chất của dãy tỉ số bằng nhau, ta có:
\(\frac{a}{b} = \frac{c}{d} = \frac{{a - c}}{{b - d}}\); \(\frac{a}{b} = \frac{c}{d} = \frac{{a + 2c}}{{b + 2d}}\)
Như vậy, \(\frac{{a - c}}{{b - d}} = \frac{{a + 2c}}{{b + 2d}}\) (đpcm)
\(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}=\frac{7a}{7b}=\frac{2c}{2d}=\frac{7a+2c}{7b+2d}\left(1\right)\) (Tính chất dãy tỷ số bằng nhau)
\(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}=\frac{7a}{7b}=\frac{2c}{2d}=\frac{7a-2c}{7b-2d}\left(2\right)\) (lý do như trên)
Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow\frac{7a+2c}{7b+2d}=\frac{7a-2c}{7b-2d}\)