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\(3x^2-18y^2+2z^2+3y^2z^2-18x=27\Leftrightarrow3\left(x-3\right)^2+2z^2-18y^2+3y^2z^2=54\)(*)
Để phương trình có nghiệm nguyên thì \(z^2⋮3\Leftrightarrow z⋮3\Leftrightarrow z^2⋮9\Leftrightarrow z^2\ge9\)
Ta có (*)\(\Leftrightarrow3\left(x-3\right)^2+2z^2+3y^2\left(z^2-6\right)=54\Rightarrow54=3\left(x-3\right)^2+2z^2+3y^2\left(z^2-6\right)\ge3\left(x-3\right)^2+2.9+3y^2\Leftrightarrow3\left(x-3\right)^2+3y^2\le12\Leftrightarrow y^2\le4\Leftrightarrow y^2=1\) hoặc y2=4
_ y2=1\(\Leftrightarrow y=1\)
Vậy (*) có dạng \(3\left(x-3\right)^2+5z^2=72\Leftrightarrow5z^2\le72\Leftrightarrow z^2=9\Leftrightarrow z=3\Leftrightarrow x=6\)_y2=4\(\Leftrightarrow y=2\)
Vậy (*) có dạng \(3\left(x-3\right)^2+14z^2=126\Leftrightarrow14z^2\le126\Leftrightarrow z^2\le9\Leftrightarrow\)\(z=3\Leftrightarrow x=3\)
Vậy (x;y;z)={(3;2;3);(6;1;3)}
\(3x^2+6y^2+2z^2+3y^2z^2-18x=6\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3\left(x-3\right)^2+6y^2+2z^2+3y^2z^2=33\)
\(\Rightarrow3\left(x-3\right)^2\le33\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-3\right)^2\le11\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-3\right)^2=\left\{0;1;4;9\right\}\)
Thế lần lược vô giải tiếp sẽ ra
Ta có \(\frac{1}{P}=\frac{\left(x+yz\right)\left(y+zx\right)\left(z+xy\right)^2}{x^3y^3}=\frac{x+yz}{y}\cdot\frac{y+zx}{x}\cdot\frac{\left(z+xy\right)^2}{x^2y^2}\)
\(=\left(\frac{x}{y}+z\right)\left(\frac{y}{x}+z\right)\left(\frac{z}{xy}+1\right)^2=\left[1+\left(\frac{x}{y}+\frac{x}{y}\right)z+x^2\right]\left(\frac{z}{xy}+1\right)^2\ge\left(1+2x+x^2\right)\)\(\left[\frac{4x}{\left(x+y\right)^2}+1\right]^2\)\(=\left(z+1\right)^2\left[\frac{4z}{\left(z-1\right)^2}+1\right]^2=\left[\frac{4z\left(z+1\right)}{\left(z-1\right)^2}+1\right]^2=\left[6+\frac{12}{z-1}+\frac{8}{\left(z-1\right)^2}+z-1\right]^2\)
\(=\left[6+\frac{12}{z-1}+\frac{3\left(z-1\right)}{4}+\frac{8}{\left(z-1\right)^2}+\frac{z-1}{8}+\frac{z-1}{8}\right]\)
Áp dụng BĐT Cosi ta có:
\(\frac{1}{P}\ge\left[6+2\sqrt{\frac{12}{z-1}\cdot\frac{3\left(z-1\right)}{3}}+3\sqrt[3]{\frac{8}{\left(z-1\right)^2}\cdot\frac{z-1}{8}\cdot\frac{z-1}{8}}\right]^2=\frac{729}{4}\)
\(\Rightarrow P\le\frac{4}{729}\). dấu "=" xảy ra <=> \(\hept{\begin{cases}x=y=2\\z=5\end{cases}}\)