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\(n_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{16}{160}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
PT: \(Fe_2O_3+6HCl\rightarrow2FeCl_3+3H_2O\)
a, \(n_{HCl}=6n_{Fe_2O_3}=0,6\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C\%_{HCl}=\dfrac{0,6.36,5}{500}.100\%=4,38\%\)
b, \(n_{FeCl_3}=2n_{Fe_2O_3}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
PT: \(FeCl_3+3KOH\rightarrow3KCl+Fe\left(OH\right)_{3\downarrow}\)
______0,2_______0,6______________0,2 (mol)
\(\Rightarrow C_{M_{KOH}}=\dfrac{0,6}{0,2}=3\left(M\right)\)
\(m_{Fe\left(OH\right)_3}=0,2.107=21,4\left(g\right)\)
Fe+2HCl->FeCl2+H2
0,125---0,25--0,125----0,125---
n Fe=11.2\56=0,2 mol
n HCl=0,25.1=0,25 mol
=> lập tỉ lệ : 0,2\1>0,25\2
=>HCl hết
=>VH2=0,125.22,4=2,8l
=>m Fe=0,125.56=7g
\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{m}{M}=\dfrac{11,2}{56}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{HCl}=CM.V_{dd}=1.0,25=0,25\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH:\(2Fe+6HCl\rightarrow2FeCl_3+3H_2\)
TPƯ: 0,2 0,25
PƯ: 0,08 0,25 0,08 0,125
SPƯ: 0,12 0 0,08 0,125
\(V_{H_2}=n.22,4=0,125.22,4=2,8\left(l\right)\)
\(m_{Fedư}=n.M=0,12.56=6,72\left(g\right)\)
\(Mg+H_2SO_4\rightarrow MgSO_4+H_2\)
1 1 1 1
0,3 0,3 0,3 0,3
\(n_{Mg}=\dfrac{7,2}{24}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
a). \(n_{H2}=\dfrac{0,3.1}{1}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
⇒\(V_{H2}=n.22,4=0,3.22,4=6,72\left(l\right)\)
b). \(80ml=0,08l\)
\(n_{H2SO4}=\dfrac{0,3.1}{1}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
→\(C_M=\dfrac{n}{V}=\dfrac{0,3}{0,08}=3,75\left(M\right)\)
c). \(n_{MgSO4}=\dfrac{0,3.1}{1}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
\(V_{MgSO4}=n.22,4=0,3.22,4=6,72\left(l\right)\)
→\(C_M=\dfrac{n}{V}=\dfrac{0,3}{6,72}=0,04\left(M\right)\)
d). \(MgSO_4+Ba\left(OH\right)_2\rightarrow Mg\left(OH\right)_2+BaSO_4\downarrow\)
1 1 1 1
0,3 0,3 0,3
\(n_{BaSO4\uparrow}=\dfrac{0,3.1}{1}\)=0,3(mol)
→\(m_{BaSO4\downarrow}=n.M=0,3.233=69,9\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{Ba\left(OH\right)_2}=\dfrac{0,3.1}{1}\)=0,3(mol)
\(\rightarrow V_{ddBa\left(OH\right)_2}=\dfrac{n}{C_M}=\dfrac{0,3}{1,6}=0,1875\left(l\right)\)
\(m_{NaOH}=\dfrac{200\cdot8}{100}=16\left(g\right)\Rightarrow n_{NaOH}=\dfrac{16}{40}=0,4mol\)
\(NaOH+HCl\rightarrow NaCl+H_2O\)
0,4 0,4 0,4 0,4
a)\(m_{HCl}=0,4\cdot36,5=14,6\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{14,6}{7,3}\cdot100=200\left(g\right)\)
b)\(m_{NaCl}=0,4\cdot58,5=23,4\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{H_2O}=0,4\cdot18=7,2\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{ddsau}=200+200-7,2=392,8\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C\%=\dfrac{23,4}{392,8}\cdot100=5,96\%\)
c) \(n_{SO_2}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3mol\)
\(2NaOH+SO_2\rightarrow Na_2SO_4+H_2O\)
0,4 0,3 0,3 0,3
\(m_{Na_2SO_4}=0,3\cdot142=42,6\left(g\right)\)
nCuCl2 = \(\dfrac{270.15\%}{100\%.135}\)= 0,3(mol)
CuCl2 + 2KOH ➝ Cu(OH)2↓ + 2KCl
0,3 ➝ 0,6 ➝ 0,3 ➝ 0,6 (mol)
a, mCu(OH)2 = 0,3.98= 29,4(g)
b, m dd KOH = \(\dfrac{0,6.56.100\%}{20\%}\)= 168(g)
c, mKCl = 0,6.74,5 = 44,7(g)(*)
Áp dụng định luật bảo toàn khối lượng:
=> mdd KCl= mCuCl2 + m dd KOH - mCu(OH)2
⇔ mdd KCl = 0,3.135+ 168 - 29,4 = 179,1(g)(**)
Từ (*) và (**) ⇒ C%KCl = \(\dfrac{44,7}{179,1}\).100%\(\approx\) 24,96%
PTHH: \(CuCl_2+2KOH\rightarrow2KCl+Cu\left(OH\right)_2\downarrow\)
a) Ta có: \(n_{CuCl_2}=\dfrac{270\cdot15\%}{135}=0,3\left(mol\right)=n_{Cu\left(OH\right)_2}\) \(\Rightarrow m_{Cu\left(OH\right)_2}=0,3\cdot98=29,4\left(g\right)\)
b) Theo PTHH: \(n_{KOH}=2n_{CuCl_2}=0,6mol\) \(\Rightarrow m_{ddKOH}=\dfrac{0,6\cdot57}{20\%}=171\left(g\right)\)
c) Theo PTHH: \(n_{KCl}=n_{KOH}=0,6mol\) \(\Rightarrow m_{KCl}=0,6\cdot74,5=44,7\left(g\right)\)
Mặt khác: \(m_{dd}=m_{ddCuCl_2}+m_{ddKOH}-m_{Cu\left(OH\right)_2}=411,6\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C\%_{KCl}=\dfrac{44,7}{411,6}\cdot100\%\approx10,86\%\)
Ta có: \(n_{CuSO_4}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
a, PT: \(2Al+3CuSO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3Cu\)
______0,2____0,3_________________0,3 (mol)
b, \(m_{Al}=0,2.27=5,4\left(g\right)\)
c, \(m_{Cu}=0,3.64=19,2\left(g\right)\)
Bạn tham khảo nhé!
Mg +2HCl -->MgCl2 +H2(1)
2Al +6HCl -->2AlCl3 +3H2(2)
a) áp dụng định luật bảo toàn khối lượng ta có :
mH2=22,8+500 -520,6=2,2(g)
=>nH2=2,2/2=1,1(mol)
giả sử nMg=x(mol)
nAl=y(mol)
=> 24x+27y=22,8(I)
theo (1) nH2=nMg=x(mol)
theo (2) : nH2=3/2nAl=1,5y(mol)
=> x+1,5y=1,1(II)
từ (I) và(II) ta có :
24x +27y=22,8
x+1,5y=1,1
=>x=0,5(mol),y=0,4(mol)
=>mMg=0,5.24=12(g)
=>%mMg=12/22,8 .100=52,63(%)
b) theo (1) : nHCl=2nMg=1(mol)
theo (2) : nHCl=3nAl=1,2(mol)
=>nHCl(1,2)=2,2(mol)
=>mHCl=2,2 .36,5=80,3(g)
=>C% dd HCl=80,3/500.100=16,06(%)